Mechanically lined pipe(MLP)is often used for offshore oil and gas transport because of its low cost and corrosion resistance.During installation and operation,the pipe may undergo severe bending deformation,which cau...Mechanically lined pipe(MLP)is often used for offshore oil and gas transport because of its low cost and corrosion resistance.During installation and operation,the pipe may undergo severe bending deformation,which causes the liner to separate from the outer pipe and buckles,affecting the stability of the whole line.In this paper,the buckling response of MLP subjected to bending is investigated to clarify its bending characteristics by employing both experiments,numerical simulation,as theoretical methods.Two types of MLPs were manufactured with GB 45 carbon steel(SLP)and Al 6061(ALP)used as the outer pipe material,respectively.The hydraulic expansion and bending experiments of small-scale MLPs are conducted.In addition to the ovalized shape of the cross-section for the SLP specimens,the copper liner was found to wrinkle on the compressive side.In contrast,the liner of ALP remains intact without developing any wrinkling and collapse mode.In addition,a dedicated numerical framework and theoretical models were also established.It was found both the manufacturing and bending responses of the MLP can be well reproduced,and the predicted maximum moment and critical curvatures are in good agreement with the experimental results.展开更多
BACKGROUND Progressive pancreaticβcell dysfunction is a fundamental aspect of the pathology underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Recently,mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)transplantation has emerged as a new therapeuti...BACKGROUND Progressive pancreaticβcell dysfunction is a fundamental aspect of the pathology underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Recently,mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)transplantation has emerged as a new therapeutic method due to its ability to promote the regeneration of pancreaticβcells.However,current studies have focused on its efficacy,and there are few clinical studies on its safety.AIM To evaluate the safety of human umbilical cord(hUC)-MSC infusion in T2DM treatment.METHODS An open-label and randomized phase 2 clinical trial was designed to evaluate the safety of hUC-MSC transplantation in T2DM in a Class A hospital.Ten patients in the placebo group received acellular saline intravenously once per week for 3 wk.Twenty-four patients in the hUC-MSC group received hUC-MSCs(1×106 cells/kg)intravenously once per week for 3 wk.Diabetic clinical symptoms and signs,laboratory findings,and imaging findings were evaluated weekly for the 1st mo and then at weeks 12 and 24 post-treatment.RESULTS No serious adverse events were observed during the 24-wk follow-up.Four patients(16.7%)in the hUC-MSC group experienced transient fever,which occurred within 24 h after the second or third infusion;this did not occur in any patients in the placebo group.One patient from the hUC-MSC group experienced hypoglycemic attacks within 1 mo after transplantation.Significantly lower lymphocyte levels(weeks 2 and 3)and thrombin coagulation time(week 2)were observed in the hUC-MSC group compared to those in the placebo group(all P<0.05).Significantly higher platelet levels(week 3),immunoglobulin levels(weeks 1,2,3,and 4),fibrinogen levels(weeks 2 and 3),D-dimer levels(weeks 1,2,3,4,12,and 24),and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios(weeks 2 and 3)were observed in the hUC-MSC group compared to those in the placebo group(all P<0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups for tumor markers(alpha-fetoprotein,carcinoembryonic antigen,and carbohydrate antigen 199)or blood fat.No liver damage or other side effects were observed on chest X-ray.CONCLUSION Our study suggested that hUC-MSC transplantation has good tolerance and high safety in the treatment of T2DM.It can improve human immunity and inhibit lymphocytes.Coagulation function should be monitored vigilantly for abnormalities.展开更多
Porous SnO2 nanocrystalline thin films were successfully electrodeposited from an oxygen-saturated acid aqueous solution of SnCl2 containing different concentrations of butyl-rhodamine B（BRhB） at 70℃.BRhB with subs...Porous SnO2 nanocrystalline thin films were successfully electrodeposited from an oxygen-saturated acid aqueous solution of SnCl2 containing different concentrations of butyl-rhodamine B（BRhB） at 70℃.BRhB with substitute of amidocyanogen can be dissolved in the acid deposition solution,where HCl was added to suppress hydrolysis of SnCl2.So it was used as a structure-directing agent to promote the crystal growth of SnO_2.The formed porous morphology and tetragonal rutile crystalline structure of the electrodeposited thin films were controlled by the addition of BRhB with different amounts.展开更多
Plasma source is the most important part of the laboratory plasma platform for fundamental plasma experimental research. Barium oxide coated cathode plasma source is well recognized as an effective technique due to it...Plasma source is the most important part of the laboratory plasma platform for fundamental plasma experimental research. Barium oxide coated cathode plasma source is well recognized as an effective technique due to its high electron emission current. An indirectly heated oxide coated cathode plasma source has been constructed on a linear magnetized plasma device. The electron emission current density can reach 2 A/cm2 to 6 A/cm2 in pulsed mode within pulse length 5-20 ms. A 10 cm diameter, 2 m long plasma column with density 10is m-3 to 1019 m3 and electron temperature Te --~ 3-7 eV is produced. The spatial uniformity of the emission ability is less than 4% and the discharge reproducibility is better than 97%. With a wide range of the plasma parameters, this kind of plasma source provides great flexibility for many basic plasma investigations. The detail of construction and initial characterization of oxide coated cathode are described in this paper.展开更多
Nanocrystalline CdSe thin film prepared by chemical solution deposition was imaged in air with a scanning tunnelling microscope(STM). Scanning tunnelling current spectroscopy(STS) was taken at a fixed tip - sample sep...Nanocrystalline CdSe thin film prepared by chemical solution deposition was imaged in air with a scanning tunnelling microscope(STM). Scanning tunnelling current spectroscopy(STS) was taken at a fixed tip - sample separation. Tunnelling current(i) - voltage(v) curve and differential conductance spectrum show an n-type schottky rectifying behaviour and yield a direct measure of band gap energy. An increase of bandgap energy (1.8 - 2.1eV) was measured indicating energy quantization of this particular thin film.,展开更多
Background Malnutrition is common in patients with cancer,and can negatively impact their quality of life(QoL)and even survival.However,there is currently no large data available on the prevalence of malnutrition in C...Background Malnutrition is common in patients with cancer,and can negatively impact their quality of life(QoL)and even survival.However,there is currently no large data available on the prevalence of malnutrition in Chinese cancer patients.This study evaluated the prevalence of malnutrition and the QoL of Chinese patients with locoregional,recurrent or metastatic cancer.Methods We conducted a nationwide observational,multi-center,hospital-based cross-sectional study within the Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology(CSNO)Network.All of the patients were diagnosed with one of the following 18 different types of malignant tumors:lung cancer,gastric cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,breast cancer,esophageal cancer,cervical cancer,endometrial cancer,nasopharyngeal carcinoma,malignant lymphoma,leukemia,pancreatic cancer,ovarian cancer,prostate cancer,bladder cancer,brain cancer,biliary tract malignant tumors or gastrointestinal stromal tumors.These patients were enrolled from 72 hospitals located in different regions of China.The patients’nutritional status was evaluated based on the body mass index(BMI),loss of bodyweight,laboratory measurements and patient generated-subjective global assessment(PG-SGA)scores.The cancer patients’physical status and QoL were assessed by the Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)questionnaire and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC)QLQ-C30 questionnaire,respectively.Results From December 2013 to April 2016,23,994 patients hospitalized for cancer treatment(such as surgery,chemotherapy or radiotherapy)were enrolled in the study.The patients included 12,494(52.9%)males and 11,124(47.1%)females.The mean age was 55.8±13.7 years.The proportions of patients in cancer stagesⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳand uncertain were 11.5%,20.3%,27.5%,30.2%and 10.5%,respectively.Among the 23,994 inpatients,the proportions of patients who were underweight(BMI<18.5 kg/m2),normal(18.5 kg/m2<BMI<24 kg/m2),overweight(24 kg/m2≤BMI<28 kg/m2)and obese(BMI≥28 kg/m2)were 9.3%,59.9%,26.1%and 4.7%,respectively.A total of 18.3%(4,101/22,424)of patients had lost 5%or more of their bodyweight within the past month and 19.6%(2,463/12,538)of patients had lost 10%or more of their bodyweight within the past 6 months.According to the PG-SGA scores,26.6%of the patients were severely malnourished(score≥9),31.3%were moderately malnourished(scores 4~8).A total of 22.2%of patients had a serum albumin level lower than 35g/L.Only 8.6%(2056/23,991)of the patients had severe KPS scores(≤60).The patients with these severe KPS scores were most frequently among those with cancers of the brain(19.7%),prostate(18.0%),pancreas(15.5%)and bladder(15.0%).Based on the QLQ-C30 score,11.6%of patients had a poor QoL.The PG-SGA score and global QoL were correlated(r=-0.593,P<0.001).Conclusion The prevalence of malnutrition in patients with cancer is relatively high,and is related to a poorer QoL.The present findings should be kept in mind when assessing cancer patients,because addressing the patient’s problems in nutritional status would be expected to improve both the clinical outcomes and QoL in cancer patients with malnutrition.展开更多
Background Malnutrition is common in patients with cancer,and this adversely affects the survival and quality of life of patients.Chinese Society for Nutritional Oncology issued a multi-center,large-scale,long-term fo...Background Malnutrition is common in patients with cancer,and this adversely affects the survival and quality of life of patients.Chinese Society for Nutritional Oncology issued a multi-center,large-scale,long-term follow-up prospective study,the Investigation on Nutrition Status and Clinical Outcome of Patients with Common Cancers in China(INSCOC study)since 2013.This is an extension to the previous 2013-2020 study protocol.This study still sought to:①address the prognostic impact of nutritional factors and quality of life on cancer patient survival;②describe the overall and cancer-specific incidence and/or distribution of malnutrition and different measurements of patient quality of life.Methods and study design This is an observational,multi-centered,hospital-based prospective cohort study.Data collection will be performed at baseline(within 48 hours after patient admission),during the hospital stay and 30 days after hospital admission.Follow-up will be conducted for 1-20 years after enrollment.The primary outcome will be the all-cause mortality/overall survival,and secondary outcomes will be the length of hospital stay and costs of hospitalization.Study factors will include demographic characteristics,tumor characteristics,information about chronic diseases,hematological measurements(e.g.,red blood cell count,total lymphocyte counts,hemoglobin,albumin,prealbumin,creatinine,C-reactive protein,IL-6),anthropometric measurements(e.g.,height,weight,arm circumference,arm muscle circumference,triceps skinfold thickness,and waist circumference),body composition parameters,PG-SGA scores,quality of life(as indicated by the QLQ-C30 questionnaire),muscle mass(as indicated by the calf circumference),muscle strength(as indicated by the handgrip strength),muscle function(as indicated by the six-meter walking speed test)and physical status assessments(as indicated by the Karnofsky Performance Status scores).This clinical study protocol was approved by local Ethics Committees of all the participating hospitals.Written informed consent is required for each subject included.Discussion This multi-center,large-scale,long-term follow up prospective study will help improve the diagnosis of malnutrition in cancer patients and identify the risk factors associated with adverse clinical outcomes.The anticipated results of this study will highlight the need for a truly scientific appraisal of nutrition therapy in Chinese oncology populations,and finally help treat the potentially reversible elements of malnutrition in cancer patients to improve their clinical outcomes in the future.展开更多
Since the research of flare slamming prediction is seldom when parametric rolling happens, we present an efficient approximation method for flare slamming analysis of large container ships in parametric rolling condit...Since the research of flare slamming prediction is seldom when parametric rolling happens, we present an efficient approximation method for flare slamming analysis of large container ships in parametric rolling conditions. We adopt a 6-DOF weakly nonlinear time domain model to predict the ship motions of parametric rolling conditions. Unlike previous flare slamming analysis, our proposed method takes roll motion into account to calculate the impact angle and relative vertical velocity between ship sections on the bow flare and wave surface. We use the Wagner model to analyze the slamming impact forces and the slamming occurrence probability. Through numerical simulations, we investigate the maximum flare slamming pressures of a container ship for different speeds and wave conditions. To further clarify the mechanism of flare slamming phenomena in parametric rolling conditions, we also conduct real-time simulations to determine the relationship between slamming pressure and 3-DOF motions, namely roll, pitch, and heave.展开更多
基金Fofinancially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52271288)Peiyang Scholar Initiation Fund from Tianjin University。
文摘Mechanically lined pipe(MLP)is often used for offshore oil and gas transport because of its low cost and corrosion resistance.During installation and operation,the pipe may undergo severe bending deformation,which causes the liner to separate from the outer pipe and buckles,affecting the stability of the whole line.In this paper,the buckling response of MLP subjected to bending is investigated to clarify its bending characteristics by employing both experiments,numerical simulation,as theoretical methods.Two types of MLPs were manufactured with GB 45 carbon steel(SLP)and Al 6061(ALP)used as the outer pipe material,respectively.The hydraulic expansion and bending experiments of small-scale MLPs are conducted.In addition to the ovalized shape of the cross-section for the SLP specimens,the copper liner was found to wrinkle on the compressive side.In contrast,the liner of ALP remains intact without developing any wrinkling and collapse mode.In addition,a dedicated numerical framework and theoretical models were also established.It was found both the manufacturing and bending responses of the MLP can be well reproduced,and the predicted maximum moment and critical curvatures are in good agreement with the experimental results.
基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee Projects,No.JCYJ20170816105416349Shenzhen High-Level Hospital Construction Fund,Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund,No.SZXK010.
文摘BACKGROUND Progressive pancreaticβcell dysfunction is a fundamental aspect of the pathology underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Recently,mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)transplantation has emerged as a new therapeutic method due to its ability to promote the regeneration of pancreaticβcells.However,current studies have focused on its efficacy,and there are few clinical studies on its safety.AIM To evaluate the safety of human umbilical cord(hUC)-MSC infusion in T2DM treatment.METHODS An open-label and randomized phase 2 clinical trial was designed to evaluate the safety of hUC-MSC transplantation in T2DM in a Class A hospital.Ten patients in the placebo group received acellular saline intravenously once per week for 3 wk.Twenty-four patients in the hUC-MSC group received hUC-MSCs(1×106 cells/kg)intravenously once per week for 3 wk.Diabetic clinical symptoms and signs,laboratory findings,and imaging findings were evaluated weekly for the 1st mo and then at weeks 12 and 24 post-treatment.RESULTS No serious adverse events were observed during the 24-wk follow-up.Four patients(16.7%)in the hUC-MSC group experienced transient fever,which occurred within 24 h after the second or third infusion;this did not occur in any patients in the placebo group.One patient from the hUC-MSC group experienced hypoglycemic attacks within 1 mo after transplantation.Significantly lower lymphocyte levels(weeks 2 and 3)and thrombin coagulation time(week 2)were observed in the hUC-MSC group compared to those in the placebo group(all P<0.05).Significantly higher platelet levels(week 3),immunoglobulin levels(weeks 1,2,3,and 4),fibrinogen levels(weeks 2 and 3),D-dimer levels(weeks 1,2,3,4,12,and 24),and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios(weeks 2 and 3)were observed in the hUC-MSC group compared to those in the placebo group(all P<0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups for tumor markers(alpha-fetoprotein,carcinoembryonic antigen,and carbohydrate antigen 199)or blood fat.No liver damage or other side effects were observed on chest X-ray.CONCLUSION Our study suggested that hUC-MSC transplantation has good tolerance and high safety in the treatment of T2DM.It can improve human immunity and inhibit lymphocytes.Coagulation function should be monitored vigilantly for abnormalities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.20873162,50872007)the State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Foundation(No.PCRRF09006)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.8092022).
文摘Porous SnO2 nanocrystalline thin films were successfully electrodeposited from an oxygen-saturated acid aqueous solution of SnCl2 containing different concentrations of butyl-rhodamine B（BRhB） at 70℃.BRhB with substitute of amidocyanogen can be dissolved in the acid deposition solution,where HCl was added to suppress hydrolysis of SnCl2.So it was used as a structure-directing agent to promote the crystal growth of SnO_2.The formed porous morphology and tetragonal rutile crystalline structure of the electrodeposited thin films were controlled by the addition of BRhB with different amounts.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11275200)
文摘Plasma source is the most important part of the laboratory plasma platform for fundamental plasma experimental research. Barium oxide coated cathode plasma source is well recognized as an effective technique due to its high electron emission current. An indirectly heated oxide coated cathode plasma source has been constructed on a linear magnetized plasma device. The electron emission current density can reach 2 A/cm2 to 6 A/cm2 in pulsed mode within pulse length 5-20 ms. A 10 cm diameter, 2 m long plasma column with density 10is m-3 to 1019 m3 and electron temperature Te --~ 3-7 eV is produced. The spatial uniformity of the emission ability is less than 4% and the discharge reproducibility is better than 97%. With a wide range of the plasma parameters, this kind of plasma source provides great flexibility for many basic plasma investigations. The detail of construction and initial characterization of oxide coated cathode are described in this paper.
文摘Nanocrystalline CdSe thin film prepared by chemical solution deposition was imaged in air with a scanning tunnelling microscope(STM). Scanning tunnelling current spectroscopy(STS) was taken at a fixed tip - sample separation. Tunnelling current(i) - voltage(v) curve and differential conductance spectrum show an n-type schottky rectifying behaviour and yield a direct measure of band gap energy. An increase of bandgap energy (1.8 - 2.1eV) was measured indicating energy quantization of this particular thin film.,
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research to Han Ping Shi and Development Program(No.2017YFC1309200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81673167 to Hong Xia Xu).
文摘Background Malnutrition is common in patients with cancer,and can negatively impact their quality of life(QoL)and even survival.However,there is currently no large data available on the prevalence of malnutrition in Chinese cancer patients.This study evaluated the prevalence of malnutrition and the QoL of Chinese patients with locoregional,recurrent or metastatic cancer.Methods We conducted a nationwide observational,multi-center,hospital-based cross-sectional study within the Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology(CSNO)Network.All of the patients were diagnosed with one of the following 18 different types of malignant tumors:lung cancer,gastric cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,breast cancer,esophageal cancer,cervical cancer,endometrial cancer,nasopharyngeal carcinoma,malignant lymphoma,leukemia,pancreatic cancer,ovarian cancer,prostate cancer,bladder cancer,brain cancer,biliary tract malignant tumors or gastrointestinal stromal tumors.These patients were enrolled from 72 hospitals located in different regions of China.The patients’nutritional status was evaluated based on the body mass index(BMI),loss of bodyweight,laboratory measurements and patient generated-subjective global assessment(PG-SGA)scores.The cancer patients’physical status and QoL were assessed by the Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)questionnaire and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC)QLQ-C30 questionnaire,respectively.Results From December 2013 to April 2016,23,994 patients hospitalized for cancer treatment(such as surgery,chemotherapy or radiotherapy)were enrolled in the study.The patients included 12,494(52.9%)males and 11,124(47.1%)females.The mean age was 55.8±13.7 years.The proportions of patients in cancer stagesⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳand uncertain were 11.5%,20.3%,27.5%,30.2%and 10.5%,respectively.Among the 23,994 inpatients,the proportions of patients who were underweight(BMI<18.5 kg/m2),normal(18.5 kg/m2<BMI<24 kg/m2),overweight(24 kg/m2≤BMI<28 kg/m2)and obese(BMI≥28 kg/m2)were 9.3%,59.9%,26.1%and 4.7%,respectively.A total of 18.3%(4,101/22,424)of patients had lost 5%or more of their bodyweight within the past month and 19.6%(2,463/12,538)of patients had lost 10%or more of their bodyweight within the past 6 months.According to the PG-SGA scores,26.6%of the patients were severely malnourished(score≥9),31.3%were moderately malnourished(scores 4~8).A total of 22.2%of patients had a serum albumin level lower than 35g/L.Only 8.6%(2056/23,991)of the patients had severe KPS scores(≤60).The patients with these severe KPS scores were most frequently among those with cancers of the brain(19.7%),prostate(18.0%),pancreas(15.5%)and bladder(15.0%).Based on the QLQ-C30 score,11.6%of patients had a poor QoL.The PG-SGA score and global QoL were correlated(r=-0.593,P<0.001).Conclusion The prevalence of malnutrition in patients with cancer is relatively high,and is related to a poorer QoL.The present findings should be kept in mind when assessing cancer patients,because addressing the patient’s problems in nutritional status would be expected to improve both the clinical outcomes and QoL in cancer patients with malnutrition.
基金the Talent Innovation Capacity Development Program of Army Medical Center of PLA(2019CXJSC003,to Hong Xia Xu)Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(SCW2018-06 to Han Ping Shi)the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2017YFC1309200 to Han Ping Shi).
文摘Background Malnutrition is common in patients with cancer,and this adversely affects the survival and quality of life of patients.Chinese Society for Nutritional Oncology issued a multi-center,large-scale,long-term follow-up prospective study,the Investigation on Nutrition Status and Clinical Outcome of Patients with Common Cancers in China(INSCOC study)since 2013.This is an extension to the previous 2013-2020 study protocol.This study still sought to:①address the prognostic impact of nutritional factors and quality of life on cancer patient survival;②describe the overall and cancer-specific incidence and/or distribution of malnutrition and different measurements of patient quality of life.Methods and study design This is an observational,multi-centered,hospital-based prospective cohort study.Data collection will be performed at baseline(within 48 hours after patient admission),during the hospital stay and 30 days after hospital admission.Follow-up will be conducted for 1-20 years after enrollment.The primary outcome will be the all-cause mortality/overall survival,and secondary outcomes will be the length of hospital stay and costs of hospitalization.Study factors will include demographic characteristics,tumor characteristics,information about chronic diseases,hematological measurements(e.g.,red blood cell count,total lymphocyte counts,hemoglobin,albumin,prealbumin,creatinine,C-reactive protein,IL-6),anthropometric measurements(e.g.,height,weight,arm circumference,arm muscle circumference,triceps skinfold thickness,and waist circumference),body composition parameters,PG-SGA scores,quality of life(as indicated by the QLQ-C30 questionnaire),muscle mass(as indicated by the calf circumference),muscle strength(as indicated by the handgrip strength),muscle function(as indicated by the six-meter walking speed test)and physical status assessments(as indicated by the Karnofsky Performance Status scores).This clinical study protocol was approved by local Ethics Committees of all the participating hospitals.Written informed consent is required for each subject included.Discussion This multi-center,large-scale,long-term follow up prospective study will help improve the diagnosis of malnutrition in cancer patients and identify the risk factors associated with adverse clinical outcomes.The anticipated results of this study will highlight the need for a truly scientific appraisal of nutrition therapy in Chinese oncology populations,and finally help treat the potentially reversible elements of malnutrition in cancer patients to improve their clinical outcomes in the future.
基金supported by the ChinaMinistry of Education Key Research Project "KSHIP-II Project"(Knowledge-based Ship Design Hyper-Integrated Platform)No.GKZY010004the National Key Basic Research Program of China No.2014CB046804
文摘Since the research of flare slamming prediction is seldom when parametric rolling happens, we present an efficient approximation method for flare slamming analysis of large container ships in parametric rolling conditions. We adopt a 6-DOF weakly nonlinear time domain model to predict the ship motions of parametric rolling conditions. Unlike previous flare slamming analysis, our proposed method takes roll motion into account to calculate the impact angle and relative vertical velocity between ship sections on the bow flare and wave surface. We use the Wagner model to analyze the slamming impact forces and the slamming occurrence probability. Through numerical simulations, we investigate the maximum flare slamming pressures of a container ship for different speeds and wave conditions. To further clarify the mechanism of flare slamming phenomena in parametric rolling conditions, we also conduct real-time simulations to determine the relationship between slamming pressure and 3-DOF motions, namely roll, pitch, and heave.
