基于联合参数辨识的粒子群优化扩展粒子滤波的锂电池荷电状态估计

提高参数辨识的精度和SOC算法的精度是提高SOC估计的关键,该文提出了基于联合参数辨识的粒子群优化扩展粒子滤波的荷电状态(SOC)估计方法。在参数辨识阶段,结合遗忘因子递推最小二乘法在线辨识的优势,弥补粒子群辨识精度高但前期缺乏数据无法实时辨识的劣势,联合进行参数辨识;在SOC估计阶段,利用扩展卡尔曼滤波生成重要性密度函数,去克服粒子退化,同时采用粒子群优化算法优化重采样策略改进采样过程缓解粒子贫化。最后在联邦城市运行(FUDS)和US06高速公路运行(US06)工况下将所提算法与F-PF、F-PSO-PF、FPSO-PSO-PF进行了对比,结果表明,在FUDS工况下,方均根误差分别提高了65.4%、56.3%和43.5%;在US06工况下,方均根误差分别提高了45.8%、35.9%和35.1%,验证了所提算法具有较好的适应性和鲁棒性。

Impact of High Sodium Diet on Neovascularization and Osseointegration around Titanium Implant:An in Vivo and in Vitro Study

Objective A high sodium(HS)diet is believed to affect bone metabolism processes.Clarifying its impact on osseointegration of titanium(Ti)implants holds significant implications for postoperative dietary management of implanted patients.Methods This investigation probed the impact of sodium ions(Na^(+))on neovascularization and osteogenesis around Ti implants in vivo,utilizing micro-computed tomography,hematoxylin and eosin staining,and immunohistochemical analyses.Concurrently,in vitro experiments assessed the effects of varied Na^(+)concentrations and exposure durations on human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)and MC3T3-E1 cells.Results In vivo,increased dietary sodium(0.8%-6.0%)led to a substantial decline in CD34 positive HUVECs and new bone formation around Ti implants,alongside an increase in inflammatory cells.In vitro,an increase in Na^(+)concentration(140-150 mmol/L)adversely affected the proliferation,angiogenesis,and migration of HUVECs,especially with prolonged exposure.While MC3T3-E1 cells initially exhibited less susceptibility to high Na^(+)concentrations compared to HUVECs during short-term exposure,prolonged exposure to a HS environment progressively diminished their proliferation,differentiation,and osteogenic capabilities.Conclusion These findings suggest that HS diet had a negative effect on the early osseointegration of Ti implants by interfering with the process of postoperative vascularized bone regeneration.

“权力—暴力”内隐联结关系探析

通过两个实验,对权力和暴力的内隐联结关系进行探析。实验1采用内隐联想测验测量权力概念与暴力概念是否存在内隐联结,结果显示被试将权力词汇与暴力词汇进行联结的反应时显著地短于将权力词汇与和平词汇进行联结的反应时,说明权力概念与暴力概念之间存在内隐的联结关系。实验2采用序列启动范式,结果显示权力相关词汇的启动能够促进被试对暴力相关词汇的反应,说明权力概念和暴力概念已经形成自动化的联结。权力—暴力内隐联结关系的存在,对于我们深入理解权力和暴力的关系具有一定的价值。

同情对内隐暴力态度的影响：个人权力感的调节效应

采用实验的方法,以197名大学生为研究对象,探讨了个人权力感在同情影响大学生内隐暴力态度过程中的调节效应。研究发现:(1)启动的同情状态会显著增加大学生对暴力的消极态度;(2)同情状态对内隐暴力态度的影响受到个人权力感高低的影响,低个人权力感水平的大学生,启动同情状态后其对暴力的内隐消极态度显著增加,而高个人权力感水平的大学生,启动同情状态后其内隐暴力态度无显著变化。

精神病态与道德困境判断:共情与工具性伤害的链式中介作用

为考察精神病态和道德困境判断的关系,同时探讨共情和工具性伤害的链式中介作用,采用Levenson精神病态自评量表、人际指标反应指针共情关怀分量表、牛津功利主义量表工具性伤害分量表和道德困境判断情境对522名大学生进行调查。结果发现:其一,精神病态、共情、工具性伤害和道德困境判断中对道德规范的敏感度之间两两显著相关;其二,精神病态不仅能够直接负向预测对道德规范的敏感度,还能通过共情中介、工具性伤害中介以及共情和工具性伤害的链式中介间接影响对道德规范的敏感度。

儿童结肠息肉的临床特点和病理分析

目的:探讨儿童结肠息肉(CP)的临床特点和病理类型。方法:对246例CP患儿的临床特点、息肉形态学和病理学特征进行回顾性分析。结果:临床表现发生频率由高到低依次为便血、腹痛、解黏液便、贫血、息肉从肛门脱出、便秘。CP发生部位分布由高到低依次为直肠、乙状结肠、降结肠、横结肠、升结肠。单发性息肉和多发性息肉的构成比在不同年龄组中比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而在不同性别组、不同病程组中比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。小息肉和大息肉的构成比在不同病程组中比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而在不同性别组、不同年龄组中比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),大息肉患儿便秘发生率更高(P<0.05)。病理类型中幼年性息肉、增生性息肉、炎性息肉和腺瘤性息肉在不同性别组、不同年龄组、单发性和多发性息肉组、大息肉和小息肉组中比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:儿童CP较常见的临床表现是便血,好发部位是直肠和乙状结肠,多发性息肉多发于年龄较大患儿(≥3岁),大息肉(>15 mm)多发于长病程(≥6个月)和便秘患儿,病理类型与性别、年龄、息肉数目及大小无关。

面向自智光网络的数字孪生技术研究及示范应用

信息通信技术处于加速融合、系统创新和智能引领的重大变革期,基于数字孪生技术构建具备自配置、自优化、自修复能力的自智光网络,实现光网络规划、建设、维护、优化、运营全生命周期智能化、自动化已经成为研究热点。全面分析数字孪生技术国内外研究现状,提出新型自智光通信网络体系架构,设计基于高维空间的光网数据量化表示模型,构建完备的数字孪生仿真建模运算集合,并针对当前光网络运维挑战梳理出三类数字孪生应用场景;利用光网传输质量评估和自动优化案例阐述数字孪生技术的应用效果,并对数字孪生技术进行总结与展望。

Functional electrical stimulation-facilitated proliferation and regeneration of neural precursor cells in the brains of rats with cerebral infarction

Previous studies have shown that proliferation of endogenous neural precursor cells cannot alone compensate for the damage to neurons and axons. From the perspective of neural plastici- ty, we observed the effects of functional electrical stimulation treatment on endogenous neural precursor cell proliferation and expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor in the rat brain on the infarct side. Functional electrical stimulation was performed in rat models of acute middle cerebral artery occlusion. Simultaneously, we set up a placebo stimulation group and a sham-operated group. Immunohistochemical staining showed that, at 7 and 14 days, compared with the placebo group, the numbers of nestin （a neural precursor cell marker）-positive cells in the subgranular zone and subventricular zone were increased in the functional electrical stimulation treatment group. Western blot assays and reverse-transcription PCR showed that total protein levels and gene expression of epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor were also upregulated on the infarct side. Prehensile traction test results showed that, at 14 days, prehension function of rats in the functional electrical stimulation group was significantly better than in the placebo group. These results suggest that functional electrical stimulation can promote endogenous neural precursor cell proliferation in the brains of acute cerebral infarction rats, enhance expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor, and improve the motor function of rats.

基于5G的固定翼无人机应急通信覆盖能力研究

国家高度重视应急通信网络的规划与建设,特别是无人机的应急通信技术研究越来越受到重视,相对于4G“尽力而为”的网络特性,5G凭借大带宽、低时延和高可靠性的网络能力,为网络性能配置提供了灵活的配置空间,将会逐步成为满足应急通信不同场景需求的首选技术。提出了基于固定翼式无人机的5G应急通信覆盖解决方案,该方案通过无人机机载5G一体化基站,结合地面宏基站辅助实现组网。对无人机基站下行覆盖与回传链路预算进行仿真,结果表明,所提出的解决方案可以满足偏远地区和应急通信的覆盖需求。

CMIP5气候模式对亚洲升温幅度的模拟与预估

基于新的全球表面温度数据集CMST(China merged surface temperature),全面评估了参加国际耦合模式比较计划第5阶段(CMIP5)的27个全球气候模式1900—2017年的气候模拟结果(1900—2005年为模式历史模拟,2006—2017年为不同典型浓度路径下的预估)。泰勒图及各种统计参数的对比表明,一些模式无论在历史模拟时段,还是在历史模拟和近期预估拼接时段,都稳定、较好地模拟出了观测序列的变化特征。利用筛选出模拟效果相对较优的9个模式,系统比较了其集合平均MT9(mean model top 9)与所有模式的集合平均MAM(mean all models)。分析结果表明:无论在哪种排放路径下,不管是时间变化,还是从空间分布方面,多数模式可能高估了亚洲区域增暖趋势,导致MAM过高估计了亚洲区域温度变化幅度与长期趋势,而优选的模式集合MT9明显比MAM更接近于观测值。进一步,采用了MT9的预估结果分析了2018—2099年的亚洲区域预估的地表升温幅度:到2099年,在RCP2.6浓度路径下,MT9预估亚洲地区的升温幅度较小,约为0.08℃;在RCP4.5浓度路径下,升温约为1.20℃;在RCP8.5浓度路径下,升温将达3.54℃,这些结果均略小于所有模式集合MAM的升温幅度,因而更加合理;同时还基于MT9预估分析了2018—2099年的温度距平的空间变化。

基于5G的系留式无人机应急方案研究

随着国家应急管理部的成立,国家对灾害事故后应急通信保障的能力愈发重视。为了解决灾后地面通信设备被毁导致无法保证正常通信的问题,基于无人机的机载基站快速构建天地一体化网络的应急需求方案的研究也随之进入了快速规划和建设时期。针对系留式无人机应急系统发展中的大带宽、低时延和低成本等场景需求,面向5G的大规模天线、边缘计算和网络切片等关键技术,提出一种基于5G的系留式无人机的应急通信解决方案,重点对方案的实现架构与关键技术进行分析,并给出相应结论。

Effect of Different Fertilizer Treatments on Quantity of Soil Microbes and Structure of Ammonium Oxidizing Bacterial Community in a Calcareous Purple Paddy Soil

The quantity of soil microbes and the structure of ammonium oxidizing bacterial （AOB） community were analyzed using the dilution plate counting and most probable number method （MPN）, and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE）, respectively. Fertilizer application tended to increase the number of soil microbes and alter the AOB community compared to the control with no fertilizer application （CK）. Among the eight fertilizer treatments, soil samples from the treatments of mineral fertilizers （e.g., N, P, K） in combination with farmyard manure （M） had greater number.s of soil microbes and more complex structure of AOB community than those receiving mineral fertilizers alone. The principal component analyses （PCA） for ammonium oxidizing bacterial community structure showed that the eight fertilizer treatments could be divided into two PCA groups （PCA1 and PCA2）. For the soil sampled after rice harvest, PCA1 included NP, NM, NPM and NPKM fertilizer treatments, while PCA2 was consisted of CK, N, M and NPK fertilizer treatments. For soil samples collected after wheat harvest, PCA1 was consisted of M, NM, NPM and NPKM fertilizer treatments, while PCA2 was composed of CK, N, NP and NPK fertilizer treatments. For a given rotation, the richness of AOB community in PCA1 was greater than that in PCA2. In addition, AOB community structure was more complex in the soil after rice harvest than that after wheat harvest. The results indicated that different fertilizer treatments resulted in substantial changes of soil microbe number and AOB community. Furthermore, mineral fertilizers （N, NP, NPK） combined with farmyard manure were effective for increasing the quantity of soil microbes, enriching AOB community, and improving the soil biofertility.

SINR概率感知下的无人机覆盖优化

针对多无人机网络辅助灾区用户通信的场景,构建了一种基于信干噪比(Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio,SINR)检测的概率感知模型,旨在最大化无人机服务区域的覆盖率,同时降低无人机额外能耗,并提升网络吞吐量。在该模型下,提出了两种改进的麻雀搜索算法,分别为Logistic高斯麻雀搜索算法(Logistic Gaussian Sparrow Search Algorithm,LGSSA)和Logistic柯西麻雀搜索算法(Logistic Cauchy Sparrow Search Algorithm,LCSSA)。首先使用Logistic混沌序列产生初始种群,以丰富种群的多样性,提高算法的全局搜索能力;然后,在LGSSA和LCSSA中分别引入高斯变异和柯西变异因子,以改善局部最优解。仿真结果表明改进后的算法可以有效地优化无人机的空中部署,大幅度提升无人机网络的覆盖率。

基于百分位数法的广东气温变化特征研究

为合理布局工农业生产和科学应对气候变化提供理论依据,基于百分位数法计算得到广东最高气温、最低气温和气温日较差的百分位数序列,并采用Sen斜率估计、非参数Mann-Kendall检验和贝叶斯突变检测等方法,在季节尺度上分析了1973—2021年广东气温的变化特征。结果表明:广东整体的气候在变暖,其中春季最高气温、秋季和冬季最低气温的增温速率较大。最高气温不同百分位数趋势的差异小于最低气温和气温日较差;气温日较差变率的站点间差异大于最高气温和最低气温。研究时段内气温发生的突变都是正向的,突变时间点多数在2000年以前。从空间分布上看,珠三角和东南沿海地区最高气温和最低气温增温速率最大,气温日较差在高百分位的变化趋势更加显著。

Sun Zhigang's Death and Reform of Detention System

The Measures on Aid and Management for Urban Vagrants and Beggars, issued by the State Council in mid-July, took effect on August 1. It marks a further improvement of China’s mechanism to aid urban vagrants and beggars. The new regulation has been enacted to replace the two-decade-old Measures for the Internment and Deportation of Urban Vagrants and Beggars. This policy reform has stemmed from the astounding case of Sun Zhigang, a young man that was brutally beaten to death while in custody at the Guangzhou Detention Center.

Safeguarding Farmer Workers' Rights and Interests——An interview with Ye Jingyi, professor of Beijing University Law School

Farmer workers are a new powerful workforce that has sprung up amid China＇s reform and door opening and in the process of the country＇s industrialization and urbanization. They have made great contributions to urban prosperity, rural development and their country＇s modernization. At present, however, farmer workers face numerous difficulties and problems in income, work safety, social security, vocational training, the schooling of their children and living conditions. To safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of farmer workers, the State Council in March 2006 issued Ideas of the State Council on Solving Farmer Workers-related Problems. In the document, the State Council promises to strengthen and improve leadership over work regarding farmer workers and prioritize the solving of farmer workers-related problems.

Farmers' Self-decision Right in New Countryside Construction——An interview with Lu Xueyi,a specialist on rural issues

Lu Xueyi graduated from the Philosophy Department of Beijing University in 1962. He pursued graduate studies at the Philosophy Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences during 1962-1965. He has long been engaged in the study of sociology, social structure and rural development. He worked once as director of the Sociology Institute of CASS. After 1998 he.. has served as member of the Academic Committee of CASS. In 1996 he became president of China Sociology Society. He was a deputy to the Eighth and Ninth National People＇s Congresses. He is author of The Chinese Countryside and Chinese Farmers amid Reforms, Chinese Society in a Transitional Period, Evolution of China＇s Social Structure and On Agriculture, the Countryside and Peasantry.

Actin-depolymerizing factors 8 and 11 promote root hair elongation at high pH

A root hair is a polarly elongated single-celled structure that derives from a root epidermal cell and func-tions in uptake of water and nutrients from the surrounding environment.Previous reports have demon-strated that short periods of high pH inhibit root hair extension;but the effects of long-term high-pH treat-ment on root hair growth are still unclear.Here,we report that the duration of root hair elongation is signicantly prolonged with increasing external pH,which counteracts the effect of decreasing root hair elongation rate and ultimately produces longer root hairs,whereas loss of actin-depolymerizing factor 8 and 11(ADF8/11)function causes shortening of root hair length at high pH(pH 7.4).Accumulation of ADF8/11 at the tips of root hairs is inhibited by high pH,and increasing environmental pH affects the actinlament(F-actin)meshwork at the root hair tip.At high pH,the tip-focused F-actin meshwork is absent in root hairs of the adf8/11 mutant,actinlaments are disordered at the adf8/11 root hair tips,and actin turn-over is attenuated.Secretory and recycling vesicles do not aggregate in the apical region of adf8/11 root hairs at high pH.Together,our results suggest that,under long-term exposure to high extracellular pH,ADF8/11 may establish and maintain the tip-focused F-actin meshwork to regulate polar trafcking of secretory/recycling vesicles at the root hair tips,thereby promoting root hair elongation.

Role of autoreactive Tc17 cells in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Background:The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis(MS)and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE-an animal model of MS)is primarily mediated by T cells.However,recent studies have only focused on interleukin(IL)-17-secreting CD4^(+)T-helper cells,also known as Th17 cells.This study aimed to compare Th17 cells and IL-17-secreting CD8^(+)T-cytotoxic cells(Tc17)in the context of MS/EAE.Methods:Female C57BL/6 mice were immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptides 35-55(MOG35-55),pertussis toxin,and complete Freund's adjuvant to establish the EAE animal model.T cells were isolated from the spleen(12-14 days postimmunization).CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T cells were purified using isolation kit and then differentiated into Th17 and Tc17,respectively,using MOG35-55 and IL-23.The secretion levels of interferon-(IFN-γ)and IL-17 were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using cultured CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T cell supernatants.The pathogenicity of Tc17 and Th17 cells was assessed through adoptive transfer(tEAE),with the clinical course assessed using an EAE score(0-5).Hematoxylin and eosin as well as Luxol fast blue staining were used to examine the spinal cord.Purified CD8^(+)CD3^(+)and CD4^(+)CD3^(+)cells differentiated into Tc17 and Th17 cells,respectively,were stimulated with MOG35-55 peptide for proliferation assays.Results:The results showed that Tc17 cells(15,951±19855VS.55,709±4196cpm;p<0.050)exhibited a weaker response to highest dose(20μg/mL)MOG35-55 than Th17 cells.However,this response was not dependent on Th17 cells.After the 48h stimulation,at the highest dose(20μg/mL)of MOG35-55.Tc17 cells secreted lower levels of IFN-(280.00±15.00vs.556.67±15.28pg/mL,p<0.050)and IL-17(102.67±5.86 pg/mL vs.288.33±12.58 pg/mL;p<0.050)than Th17 cells.Similar patterns were observed for IFN-γsecretion at 96 and 144h.Furthermore,Tc17 cell-induced tEAE mice exhibited similar EAE scores to Th17 cell-induced tEAE mice and also showed similar inflammation and demyelination.Conclusion:The degree of pathogenicity of Tc17 cells in EAE is lower than that of Th17 cells.Future investigation on different immune cells and EAE models is warranted to determine the mechanisms underlying MS.

谷氨酰转肽酶小于300 U/L临床疑诊为胆道闭锁的临床分析

目的 探讨谷氨酰转肽酶(gamma-glutamyl transferase,GGT)<300 U/L临床疑诊为胆道闭锁患儿的临床特征。方法 收集2012年6月至2018年9月由广西医科大学第一附属医院儿科转至小儿外科收治的GGT<300 U/L临床疑诊为胆道闭锁的84例患儿的临床资料,根据术中胆道造影的诊断结果分为胆道闭锁组和胆汁淤积性肝炎组;其中确诊胆道闭锁33例(胆道闭锁组),39.29%(33/84),胆汁淤积性肝炎51例(胆汁淤积性肝炎组),60.71%(51/84)。分析两组患儿在肝功能、胆固醇、血乳酸、血氨、血常规和肝脏病理学等方面的特点和差异。结果 胆道闭锁组就诊日龄及手术日龄显著高于胆汁淤积性肝炎组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。胆道闭锁组GGT、总胆汁酸(total bile acid,TBA)值显著高于胆汁淤积性肝炎组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。GGT和TBA的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.715和0.72;GGT、TBA值两项指标联合分析,AUC为0.739,诊断价值均为中等,所得阈值灵敏性及特异性均不高。胆道闭锁组肝纤维化的比例显著高于胆汁淤积性肝炎组,其中21.21%(7/33)的胆道闭锁患儿存在肝硬化,所有胆汁淤积性肝炎组的患儿无肝硬化,胆道闭锁组肝纤维化程度与就诊日龄、GGT呈正相关(R=0.503,F=6.321,P=0.001)。胆道闭锁肝组织胆栓形成和胆管增生均显著高于胆汁淤积性肝炎(P<0.05)。结论 GGT<300 U/L的疑似胆道闭锁的患儿,建议早期进行肝组织病理学检查或剖腹探查提高诊断的准确率。