为了解近30年国内外土壤重金属污染评价领域的研究状况,利用VOSviewer、CiteSpace及HistCite等文献计量工具对Web of Science核心合集数据库中该领域研究结果进行知识图谱分析。结果表明:中国是土壤重金属污染评价研究领域的主要发文国...为了解近30年国内外土壤重金属污染评价领域的研究状况,利用VOSviewer、CiteSpace及HistCite等文献计量工具对Web of Science核心合集数据库中该领域研究结果进行知识图谱分析。结果表明:中国是土壤重金属污染评价研究领域的主要发文国家,该领域研究重点关注健康风险评价、生态风险评价、污染物空间分布、源解析等;常用评价方法为地积累指数、污染指数、基于地理信息系统(GIS)的地统计学评价。其中,地积累指数与污染指数的评价结果受背景值准确性影响较大,基于GIS的地统计学评价方法受限于变量相关性;评价指标呈现从土壤中重金属含量向生物有效性发展的趋势,不同形态重金属的毒性等相关研究仍呈上升趋势;土壤铅、镉的污染评价相关研究最多,近些年对于砷、锌与铜等的污染评价逐渐受到更多关注;源识别、空间分析、生态风险仍将是近期内研究热点。展开更多
BACKGROUND Extreme heat exposure is a growing health problem,and the effects of heat on the gastrointestinal(GI)tract is unknown.This study aimed to assess the incidence of GI symptoms associated with heatstroke and i...BACKGROUND Extreme heat exposure is a growing health problem,and the effects of heat on the gastrointestinal(GI)tract is unknown.This study aimed to assess the incidence of GI symptoms associated with heatstroke and its impact on outcomes.AIM To assess the incidence of GI symptoms associated with heatstroke and its impact on outcomes.METHODS Patients admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU)due to heatstroke were included from 83 centres.Patient history,laboratory results,and clinically relevant outcomes were recorded at ICU admission and daily until up to day 15,ICU discharge,or death.GI symptoms,including nausea/vomiting,diarrhoea,flatulence,and bloody stools,were recorded.The characteristics of patients with heatstroke concomitant with GI symptoms were described.Multivariable regression analyses were performed to determine significant predictors of GI symptoms.RESULTS A total of 713 patients were included in the final analysis,of whom 132(18.5%)patients had at least one GI symptom during their ICU stay,while 26(3.6%)suffered from more than one symptom.Patients with GI symptoms had a significantly higher ICU stay compared with those without.The mortality of patients who had two or more GI symptoms simultaneously was significantly higher than that in those with one GI symptom.Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that older patients with a lower GCS score on admission were more likely to experience GI symptoms.CONCLUSION The GI manifestations of heatstroke are common and appear to impact clinically relevant hospitalization outcomes.展开更多
文摘为了解近30年国内外土壤重金属污染评价领域的研究状况,利用VOSviewer、CiteSpace及HistCite等文献计量工具对Web of Science核心合集数据库中该领域研究结果进行知识图谱分析。结果表明:中国是土壤重金属污染评价研究领域的主要发文国家,该领域研究重点关注健康风险评价、生态风险评价、污染物空间分布、源解析等;常用评价方法为地积累指数、污染指数、基于地理信息系统(GIS)的地统计学评价。其中,地积累指数与污染指数的评价结果受背景值准确性影响较大,基于GIS的地统计学评价方法受限于变量相关性;评价指标呈现从土壤中重金属含量向生物有效性发展的趋势,不同形态重金属的毒性等相关研究仍呈上升趋势;土壤铅、镉的污染评价相关研究最多,近些年对于砷、锌与铜等的污染评价逐渐受到更多关注;源识别、空间分析、生态风险仍将是近期内研究热点。
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China,No.2022YFC25045001.3.5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,No.ZYGD23012.
文摘BACKGROUND Extreme heat exposure is a growing health problem,and the effects of heat on the gastrointestinal(GI)tract is unknown.This study aimed to assess the incidence of GI symptoms associated with heatstroke and its impact on outcomes.AIM To assess the incidence of GI symptoms associated with heatstroke and its impact on outcomes.METHODS Patients admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU)due to heatstroke were included from 83 centres.Patient history,laboratory results,and clinically relevant outcomes were recorded at ICU admission and daily until up to day 15,ICU discharge,or death.GI symptoms,including nausea/vomiting,diarrhoea,flatulence,and bloody stools,were recorded.The characteristics of patients with heatstroke concomitant with GI symptoms were described.Multivariable regression analyses were performed to determine significant predictors of GI symptoms.RESULTS A total of 713 patients were included in the final analysis,of whom 132(18.5%)patients had at least one GI symptom during their ICU stay,while 26(3.6%)suffered from more than one symptom.Patients with GI symptoms had a significantly higher ICU stay compared with those without.The mortality of patients who had two or more GI symptoms simultaneously was significantly higher than that in those with one GI symptom.Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that older patients with a lower GCS score on admission were more likely to experience GI symptoms.CONCLUSION The GI manifestations of heatstroke are common and appear to impact clinically relevant hospitalization outcomes.
文摘目的:探讨肌少症对经皮椎体强化术(percutaneous vertebral augmentation,PVA)治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折(osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture,OTLVCF)疗效的影响。方法:回顾性分析2020年1月~2022年12月在空军军医大学第二附属医院和西安交通大学附属红会医院行PVA治疗的270例OTLVCF患者的临床资料,男性109例,女性161例;骨折椎体:T1037例,T1152例,T1268例,L172例,L241例。依据欧洲老年人肌少症工作组(European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People,EWGSOP)的诊断标准,以男性优势手握力<28.0kg且L3水平骨骼肌指数(skeletal muscle index,SMI)<45.4cm2/m2、女性优势手握力<18.0kg且L3水平SMI<34.4cm2/m2作为诊断阈值,将患者分为肌少症组(52例)和非肌少症组(218例)。收集并记录两组患者的一般资料(性别、年龄、身高、体重、身体质量分数、骨折节段、握力和骨骼肌指数)、手术资料(手术方法、手术时间、术中出血量、骨水泥注入量和术中透视次数)和并发症(骨水泥渗漏、伤椎再骨折、邻椎再骨折和远端椎体再骨折)发生情况;记录并比较两组患者术前和术后1d、1个月、6个月、1年时的疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)。结果:两组患者性别、身高、体重、手术方法、手术时间、出血量、骨水泥注入量、术中透视次数以及术前VAS评分和ODI均无统计学差异(P>0.05),肌少症组患者年龄较非肌少症组大(80.3±7.9岁vs 75.7±6.8岁,P<0.05),而身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)较非肌少症组小(24.4±2.2kg/m2 vs 26.2±2.4kg/m2,P<0.05);两组术后1d、1个月、6个月、1年时的VAS评分及ODI与术前比较均有显著性改善(P<0.05),肌少症组患者术后1d、1个月、6个月、1年的VAS评分及ODI均显著高于同时间点非肌少症组(P<0.05)。两组骨水泥渗漏的发生率无统计学差异(9.65%vs 7.34%,P>0.05),肌少症组患者术后1年内伤椎、邻椎和远端椎体再骨折发生率及总发生率均显著性高于非肌少症组(9.62%vs 2.75%、13.46%vs 5.05%、11.54%vs 4.13%及33.61%vs 11.93%,P<0.05)。结论:肌少症OTLVCF患者行PVA的临床疗效较非肌少症患者差,1年内椎体再骨折发生率较高。
