The pathophysiology of Huntington's disease involves high levels of the neurotoxin quinolinic acid. Quinolinic acid accumulation results in oxidative stress, which leads to neurotoxicity. However, the molecular an...The pathophysiology of Huntington's disease involves high levels of the neurotoxin quinolinic acid. Quinolinic acid accumulation results in oxidative stress, which leads to neurotoxicity. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which quinolinic acid contributes to Huntington's disease pathology remain unknown. In this study, we established in vitro and in vivo models of Huntington's disease by administering quinolinic acid to the PC12 neuronal cell line and the striatum of mice, respectively. We observed a decrease in the levels of hydrogen sulfide in both PC12 cells and mouse serum, which was accompanied by down-regulation of cystathionine β-synthase, an enzyme responsible for hydrogen sulfide production. However, treatment with NaHS(a hydrogen sulfide donor) increased hydrogen sulfide levels in the neurons and in mouse serum, as well as cystathionine β-synthase expression in the neurons and the mouse striatum, while also improving oxidative imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction in PC12 cells and the mouse striatum. These beneficial effects correlated with upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 expression. Finally, treatment with the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2inhibitor ML385 reversed the beneficial impact of exogenous hydrogen sulfide on quinolinic acid-induced oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings show that hydrogen sulfide reduces oxidative stress in Huntington's disease by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,suggesting that hydrogen sulfide is a novel neuroprotective drug candidate for treating patients with Huntington's disease.展开更多
BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies to date have found preoperative magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)features valuable in predicting the prognosis of rectal cancer(RC).However,research is still lacking on the cor...BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies to date have found preoperative magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)features valuable in predicting the prognosis of rectal cancer(RC).However,research is still lacking on the correlation between preoperative MRI features and the risk of recurrence after radical resection of RC,urgently necessitating further in-depth exploration.AIM To investigate the correlation between preoperative MRI parameters and the risk of recurrence after radical resection of RC to provide an effective tool for predicting postoperative recurrence.METHODS The data of 90 patients who were diagnosed with RC by surgical pathology and underwent radical surgical resection at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University between May 2020 and December 2023 were collected through retrospective analysis.General demographic data,MRI data,and tumor markers levels were collected.According to the reviewed data of patients six months after surgery,the clinicians comprehensively assessed the recurrence risk and divided the patients into high recurrence risk(37 cases)and low recurrence risk(53 cases)groups.Independent sample t-test andχ2 test were used to analyze differences between the two groups.A logistic regression model was used to explore the risk factors of the high recurrence risk group,and a clinical prediction model was constructed.The clinical prediction model is presented in the form of a nomogram.The receiver operating characteristic curve,Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test,calibration curve,and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the efficacy of the clinical prediction model.RESULTS The detection of positive extramural vascular invasion through preoperative MRI[odds ratio(OR)=4.29,P=0.045],along with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen(OR=1.08,P=0.041),carbohydrate antigen 125(OR=1.19,P=0.034),and carbohydrate antigen 199(OR=1.27,P<0.001)levels,are independent risk factors for increased postoperative recurrence risk in patients with RC.Furthermore,there was a correlation between magnetic resonance based T staging,magnetic resonance based N staging,and circumferential resection margin results determined by MRI and the postoperative recurrence risk.Additionally,when extramural vascular invasion was integrated with tumor markers,the resulting clinical prediction model more effectively identified patients at high risk for postoperative recurrence,thereby providing robust support for clinical decision-making.CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that preoperative MRI detection is of great importance for predicting the risk of postoperative recurrence in patients with RC.Monitoring these markers helps clinicians identify patients at high risk,allowing for more aggressive treatment and monitoring strategies to improve patient outcomes.展开更多
针对非结构化环境中多目标抓取检测存在速度慢、效果差的问题,提出一种先目标检测后抓取检测的方法。在目标检测中,为了加快网络的运行速度,文中采用深度可分离卷积和坐标注意力机制对YOLOv5网络进行轻量化改进。在抓取任务中,设计了一...针对非结构化环境中多目标抓取检测存在速度慢、效果差的问题,提出一种先目标检测后抓取检测的方法。在目标检测中,为了加快网络的运行速度,文中采用深度可分离卷积和坐标注意力机制对YOLOv5网络进行轻量化改进。在抓取任务中,设计了一种单阶段抓取位姿检测算法。首先,考虑到非结构化环境中存在的干扰,选用RGB-D图像作为抓取网络的输入数据,并选用GG-CNN作为主干网络;其次,为了加强抓取网络的特征提取能力,利用Inception-ResNet模块中不同大小卷积核的并联使用来拓宽网络感受野,同时无参三维注意力机制的融入使得网络更专注于抓取信息特征,抑制背景噪声信息;最后,使用抓取质量评估来对抓取框进行修正,并输出置信度和最高的抓取框。实验结果表明:轻量化的目标检测网络参数量为2776708,每秒帧数(frames per second,FPS)为102;改进后的抓取检测网络在公共Cornell数据集上,取得了96.57%的准确率,FPS为54.17。这说明2个网络能部署在机械臂上并较好地实现在多目标场景下的抓取任务,可以应用到实际工业生产中。展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a significant health problem worldwide,and early detection and accurate diagnosis are crucial for improving patient outcomes.Crawling-type gastric adenocarcinoma is a rare subtype of GC...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a significant health problem worldwide,and early detection and accurate diagnosis are crucial for improving patient outcomes.Crawling-type gastric adenocarcinoma is a rare subtype of GC that has unique histopathological and clinical characteristics,and its diagnosis and management can be challenging.This pathological type of GC is also rare.CASE SUMMARY Here,we report the case of a patient who underwent ordinary endoscopy,na-rrow-band imaging,and endoscopic ultrasonography intending to determine the extent of tumor invasion and upper abdominal enhanced computed tomography and whether there was tumor metastasis.Then,endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed.After pathological and immunohistochemical examination,the pathological diagnosis was crawling-type gastric adenocarcinoma.This is a very rare and special pathological type of tumor.This case highlights the importance of using advanced endoscopic techniques and pathological examination in diagnosing and managing gastric crawling-type adenocarcinoma.Moreover,the findings underscore the need for continued research and clinical experience in this rare subtype of GC to improve patient outcomes.CONCLUSION The“crawling-type”GC is a rare and specific tumor pathology.It is difficult to identify and diagnose gliomas via endoscopy.The tumor is ill-defined,with a flat appearance and indistinct borders due to the lack of contrast against the background mucosa.Pathology revealed that the tumor cells were hand-like,so the patient has diagnosed with“crawling-type”gastric adenocarcinoma.展开更多
Secure platooning control plays an important role in enhancing the cooperative driving safety of automated vehicles subject to various security vulnerabilities.This paper focuses on the distributed secure control issu...Secure platooning control plays an important role in enhancing the cooperative driving safety of automated vehicles subject to various security vulnerabilities.This paper focuses on the distributed secure control issue of automated vehicles affected by replay attacks.A proportional-integral-observer(PIO)with predetermined forgetting parameters is first constructed to acquire the dynamical information of vehicles.Then,a time-varying parameter and two positive scalars are employed to describe the temporal behavior of replay attacks.In light of such a scheme and the common properties of Laplace matrices,the closed-loop system with PIO-based controllers is transformed into a switched and time-delayed one.Furthermore,some sufficient conditions are derived to achieve the desired platooning performance by the view of the Lyapunov stability theory.The controller gains are analytically determined by resorting to the solution of certain matrix inequalities only dependent on maximum and minimum eigenvalues of communication topologies.Finally,a simulation example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82271327 (to ZW),82072535 (to ZW),81873768 (to ZW),and 82001253 (to TL)。
文摘The pathophysiology of Huntington's disease involves high levels of the neurotoxin quinolinic acid. Quinolinic acid accumulation results in oxidative stress, which leads to neurotoxicity. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which quinolinic acid contributes to Huntington's disease pathology remain unknown. In this study, we established in vitro and in vivo models of Huntington's disease by administering quinolinic acid to the PC12 neuronal cell line and the striatum of mice, respectively. We observed a decrease in the levels of hydrogen sulfide in both PC12 cells and mouse serum, which was accompanied by down-regulation of cystathionine β-synthase, an enzyme responsible for hydrogen sulfide production. However, treatment with NaHS(a hydrogen sulfide donor) increased hydrogen sulfide levels in the neurons and in mouse serum, as well as cystathionine β-synthase expression in the neurons and the mouse striatum, while also improving oxidative imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction in PC12 cells and the mouse striatum. These beneficial effects correlated with upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 expression. Finally, treatment with the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2inhibitor ML385 reversed the beneficial impact of exogenous hydrogen sulfide on quinolinic acid-induced oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings show that hydrogen sulfide reduces oxidative stress in Huntington's disease by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,suggesting that hydrogen sulfide is a novel neuroprotective drug candidate for treating patients with Huntington's disease.
文摘BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies to date have found preoperative magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)features valuable in predicting the prognosis of rectal cancer(RC).However,research is still lacking on the correlation between preoperative MRI features and the risk of recurrence after radical resection of RC,urgently necessitating further in-depth exploration.AIM To investigate the correlation between preoperative MRI parameters and the risk of recurrence after radical resection of RC to provide an effective tool for predicting postoperative recurrence.METHODS The data of 90 patients who were diagnosed with RC by surgical pathology and underwent radical surgical resection at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University between May 2020 and December 2023 were collected through retrospective analysis.General demographic data,MRI data,and tumor markers levels were collected.According to the reviewed data of patients six months after surgery,the clinicians comprehensively assessed the recurrence risk and divided the patients into high recurrence risk(37 cases)and low recurrence risk(53 cases)groups.Independent sample t-test andχ2 test were used to analyze differences between the two groups.A logistic regression model was used to explore the risk factors of the high recurrence risk group,and a clinical prediction model was constructed.The clinical prediction model is presented in the form of a nomogram.The receiver operating characteristic curve,Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test,calibration curve,and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the efficacy of the clinical prediction model.RESULTS The detection of positive extramural vascular invasion through preoperative MRI[odds ratio(OR)=4.29,P=0.045],along with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen(OR=1.08,P=0.041),carbohydrate antigen 125(OR=1.19,P=0.034),and carbohydrate antigen 199(OR=1.27,P<0.001)levels,are independent risk factors for increased postoperative recurrence risk in patients with RC.Furthermore,there was a correlation between magnetic resonance based T staging,magnetic resonance based N staging,and circumferential resection margin results determined by MRI and the postoperative recurrence risk.Additionally,when extramural vascular invasion was integrated with tumor markers,the resulting clinical prediction model more effectively identified patients at high risk for postoperative recurrence,thereby providing robust support for clinical decision-making.CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that preoperative MRI detection is of great importance for predicting the risk of postoperative recurrence in patients with RC.Monitoring these markers helps clinicians identify patients at high risk,allowing for more aggressive treatment and monitoring strategies to improve patient outcomes.
文摘针对非结构化环境中多目标抓取检测存在速度慢、效果差的问题,提出一种先目标检测后抓取检测的方法。在目标检测中,为了加快网络的运行速度,文中采用深度可分离卷积和坐标注意力机制对YOLOv5网络进行轻量化改进。在抓取任务中,设计了一种单阶段抓取位姿检测算法。首先,考虑到非结构化环境中存在的干扰,选用RGB-D图像作为抓取网络的输入数据,并选用GG-CNN作为主干网络;其次,为了加强抓取网络的特征提取能力,利用Inception-ResNet模块中不同大小卷积核的并联使用来拓宽网络感受野,同时无参三维注意力机制的融入使得网络更专注于抓取信息特征,抑制背景噪声信息;最后,使用抓取质量评估来对抓取框进行修正,并输出置信度和最高的抓取框。实验结果表明:轻量化的目标检测网络参数量为2776708,每秒帧数(frames per second,FPS)为102;改进后的抓取检测网络在公共Cornell数据集上,取得了96.57%的准确率,FPS为54.17。这说明2个网络能部署在机械臂上并较好地实现在多目标场景下的抓取任务,可以应用到实际工业生产中。
基金Supported by the Songjiang District Tackling Key Science and Technology Research Projects,No.20sjkjgg32Excellent Young Talents Training Program of Songjiang Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,No.QNRC-004Science and Technology project of Songjiang District,No.22SJKJGG81.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a significant health problem worldwide,and early detection and accurate diagnosis are crucial for improving patient outcomes.Crawling-type gastric adenocarcinoma is a rare subtype of GC that has unique histopathological and clinical characteristics,and its diagnosis and management can be challenging.This pathological type of GC is also rare.CASE SUMMARY Here,we report the case of a patient who underwent ordinary endoscopy,na-rrow-band imaging,and endoscopic ultrasonography intending to determine the extent of tumor invasion and upper abdominal enhanced computed tomography and whether there was tumor metastasis.Then,endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed.After pathological and immunohistochemical examination,the pathological diagnosis was crawling-type gastric adenocarcinoma.This is a very rare and special pathological type of tumor.This case highlights the importance of using advanced endoscopic techniques and pathological examination in diagnosing and managing gastric crawling-type adenocarcinoma.Moreover,the findings underscore the need for continued research and clinical experience in this rare subtype of GC to improve patient outcomes.CONCLUSION The“crawling-type”GC is a rare and specific tumor pathology.It is difficult to identify and diagnose gliomas via endoscopy.The tumor is ill-defined,with a flat appearance and indistinct borders due to the lack of contrast against the background mucosa.Pathology revealed that the tumor cells were hand-like,so the patient has diagnosed with“crawling-type”gastric adenocarcinoma.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61973219,U21A2019,61873058)the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund (ZDYF2022SHFZ105)。
文摘Secure platooning control plays an important role in enhancing the cooperative driving safety of automated vehicles subject to various security vulnerabilities.This paper focuses on the distributed secure control issue of automated vehicles affected by replay attacks.A proportional-integral-observer(PIO)with predetermined forgetting parameters is first constructed to acquire the dynamical information of vehicles.Then,a time-varying parameter and two positive scalars are employed to describe the temporal behavior of replay attacks.In light of such a scheme and the common properties of Laplace matrices,the closed-loop system with PIO-based controllers is transformed into a switched and time-delayed one.Furthermore,some sufficient conditions are derived to achieve the desired platooning performance by the view of the Lyapunov stability theory.The controller gains are analytically determined by resorting to the solution of certain matrix inequalities only dependent on maximum and minimum eigenvalues of communication topologies.Finally,a simulation example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
