目的:预测非转移性T3a肾细胞癌患者术后3年肿瘤特异性生存期(cancer specific survival,CSS)。方法:选择2013年3月至2021年2月在北京大学第三医院泌尿外科行手术治疗且术后组织病理学诊断证实为T3aN0-1M0的肾细胞癌患者的病例资料进行...目的:预测非转移性T3a肾细胞癌患者术后3年肿瘤特异性生存期(cancer specific survival,CSS)。方法:选择2013年3月至2021年2月在北京大学第三医院泌尿外科行手术治疗且术后组织病理学诊断证实为T3aN0-1M0的肾细胞癌患者的病例资料进行回顾性分析,共收集到符合要求的患者336例,以4∶1的比例随机划分为训练队列(268例)和内部验证队列(68例)。采用双向Lasso回归筛选变量绘制预测T3aN0-1M0肾细胞癌患者术后3年CSS的列线图。利用一致性指数(C指数)、时间依赖性ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)、校准曲线、决策曲线(decision curve analysis,DCA)来评估列线图的判别和校准能力及临床效益。根据列线图得分划分危险分层,并用Kaplan-Meier生存分析和Log-rank检验比较不同危险分层患者的无进展生存期(progress free survival,PFS)和CSS。结果:训练队列和验证队列的基线资料组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。根据Lasso回归筛选结果,最终纳入肿瘤最大径、组织学分级、肉瘤样变、T3a特征、淋巴结转移5个变量构建列线图。列线图的训练队列和内部验证队列的一致性指数分别为0.808(0.708~0.907)、0.903(0.838~0.969);3年肿瘤特异性生存期的AUC分别为0.843(0.725~0.961)、0.923(0.844~1.002);各队列的校准曲线均显示实际CSS与预测概率之间具有高度的一致性;各队列的DCA曲线均显示列线图在临床上具有良好的净效益;两个队列共计336例患者,其中肿瘤特异性死亡35例,术后复发69例。根据列线图将0~117分的患者划分为低危组,119-284分的患者划分为高危组,其中低危组(282例)肿瘤特异性死亡16例,术后复发36例,高危组(54例)肿瘤特异性死亡19例,术后复发33例。低危组和高危组的PFS和CSS差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001)。结论:构建并验证了预测非转移性T3a肾细胞癌患者术后3年CSS的列线图预测模型,可协助临床精准评估此类患者的远期预后。展开更多
In this paper,we address the stability of periodic solutions of piecewise smooth periodic differential equations.By studying the Poincarémap,we give a sufficient condition to judge the stability of a periodic sol...In this paper,we address the stability of periodic solutions of piecewise smooth periodic differential equations.By studying the Poincarémap,we give a sufficient condition to judge the stability of a periodic solution.We also present examples of some applications.展开更多
BACKGROUND The FreeStyle Libre flash glucose monitoring(FGM)system entered the Chinese market in 2017 to complement the self-monitoring of blood glucose.Due to its increased usage in clinics,the number of studies inve...BACKGROUND The FreeStyle Libre flash glucose monitoring(FGM)system entered the Chinese market in 2017 to complement the self-monitoring of blood glucose.Due to its increased usage in clinics,the number of studies investigating its accuracy has increased.However,its accuracy has not been investigated in highland populations in China.AIM To evaluate measurements recorded using the FreeStyle Libre FGM system compared with capillary blood glucose measured using the enzyme electrode method in patients with type 2 diabetes(T2D)who had migrated within 3 mo from highlands to plains.METHODS Overall,68 patients with T2D,selected from those who had recently migrated from highlands to plains(within 3 mo),were hospitalized at the Department of Endocrinology from August to October 2017 and underwent continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)with the FreeStyle Libre FGM system for 14 d.Throughout the study period,fingertip capillary blood glucose was measured daily using the enzyme electrode method(Super GL,China),and blood glucose levels were read from the scanning probe during fasting and 2 h after all three meals.Moreover,the time interval between reading the data from the scanning probe and collecting fingertip capillary blood was controlled to<5 min.The accuracy of the FGM system was evaluated according to the CGM guidelines.Subsequently,the factors influencing the mean absolute relative difference(MARD)of this system were analyzed by a multiple linear regression method.RESULTS Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that the fingertip and scanned glucose levels were positively correlated(R=0.86,P=0.00).The aggregated MARD of scanned glucose was 14.28±13.40%.Parker's error analysis showed that 99.30%of the data pairs were located in areas A and B.According to the probe wear time of the FreeStyle Libre FGM system,MARD_(1 d) and MARD_(2-14 d) were 16.55%and 14.35%,respectively(t=1.23,P=0.22).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that MARD did not correlate with blood glucose when the largest amplitude of glycemic excursion(LAGE)was<5.80 mmol/L but negatively correlated with blood glucose when the LAGE was≥5.80 mmol/L.CONCLUSION The FreeStyle Libre FGM system has good accuracy in patients with T2D who had recently migrated from highlands to plains.This system might be ideal for avoiding the effects of high hematocrit on blood glucose monitoring in populations that recently migrated to plains.MARD is mainly influenced by glucose levels and fluctuations,and the accuracy of the system is higher when the blood glucose fluctuation is small.In case of higher blood glucose level fluctuations,deviation in the scanned glucose levels is the highest at extremely low blood glucose levels.展开更多
情感计算的一个重要目的是建立一个能够对人类情绪进行实时、准确判别的智能系统,以提高人机交互的和谐性,具有广泛的应用前景。在实验室条件下诱发情感需要借助情绪诱发范式(Experimental Paradigm for Inducing Emotions,EPIE)。近年...情感计算的一个重要目的是建立一个能够对人类情绪进行实时、准确判别的智能系统,以提高人机交互的和谐性,具有广泛的应用前景。在实验室条件下诱发情感需要借助情绪诱发范式(Experimental Paradigm for Inducing Emotions,EPIE)。近年来,基于视频的情绪诱发范式获得了大量的关注。然而,少有文献系统性地总结面向情感计算的视频诱发范式中的实验流程和统计方法,以及对实验标准和规范开展梳理和介绍。根据近年来已报道的情感计算的研究成果,回顾了它们所采用的情绪诱发范式,包含情绪模型选择、刺激素材筛选、被试筛选和培训、评价问卷的设计与统计方法、实验流程设计。此外,在总结和评价现有范式的基础之上,对面向情感计算的视频诱发范式的被试选择、素材顺序、自评问卷等提出了新的思路和建议。展开更多
文摘目的:预测非转移性T3a肾细胞癌患者术后3年肿瘤特异性生存期(cancer specific survival,CSS)。方法:选择2013年3月至2021年2月在北京大学第三医院泌尿外科行手术治疗且术后组织病理学诊断证实为T3aN0-1M0的肾细胞癌患者的病例资料进行回顾性分析,共收集到符合要求的患者336例,以4∶1的比例随机划分为训练队列(268例)和内部验证队列(68例)。采用双向Lasso回归筛选变量绘制预测T3aN0-1M0肾细胞癌患者术后3年CSS的列线图。利用一致性指数(C指数)、时间依赖性ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)、校准曲线、决策曲线(decision curve analysis,DCA)来评估列线图的判别和校准能力及临床效益。根据列线图得分划分危险分层,并用Kaplan-Meier生存分析和Log-rank检验比较不同危险分层患者的无进展生存期(progress free survival,PFS)和CSS。结果:训练队列和验证队列的基线资料组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。根据Lasso回归筛选结果,最终纳入肿瘤最大径、组织学分级、肉瘤样变、T3a特征、淋巴结转移5个变量构建列线图。列线图的训练队列和内部验证队列的一致性指数分别为0.808(0.708~0.907)、0.903(0.838~0.969);3年肿瘤特异性生存期的AUC分别为0.843(0.725~0.961)、0.923(0.844~1.002);各队列的校准曲线均显示实际CSS与预测概率之间具有高度的一致性;各队列的DCA曲线均显示列线图在临床上具有良好的净效益;两个队列共计336例患者,其中肿瘤特异性死亡35例,术后复发69例。根据列线图将0~117分的患者划分为低危组,119-284分的患者划分为高危组,其中低危组(282例)肿瘤特异性死亡16例,术后复发36例,高危组(54例)肿瘤特异性死亡19例,术后复发33例。低危组和高危组的PFS和CSS差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001)。结论:构建并验证了预测非转移性T3a肾细胞癌患者术后3年CSS的列线图预测模型,可协助临床精准评估此类患者的远期预后。
文摘In this paper,we address the stability of periodic solutions of piecewise smooth periodic differential equations.By studying the Poincarémap,we give a sufficient condition to judge the stability of a periodic solution.We also present examples of some applications.
基金Supported by Health and Family Planning Project of Sichuan Province,No.17PJ069Tibet Autonomous Region Science and Technology Program,No.XZ202303ZY0011G.
文摘BACKGROUND The FreeStyle Libre flash glucose monitoring(FGM)system entered the Chinese market in 2017 to complement the self-monitoring of blood glucose.Due to its increased usage in clinics,the number of studies investigating its accuracy has increased.However,its accuracy has not been investigated in highland populations in China.AIM To evaluate measurements recorded using the FreeStyle Libre FGM system compared with capillary blood glucose measured using the enzyme electrode method in patients with type 2 diabetes(T2D)who had migrated within 3 mo from highlands to plains.METHODS Overall,68 patients with T2D,selected from those who had recently migrated from highlands to plains(within 3 mo),were hospitalized at the Department of Endocrinology from August to October 2017 and underwent continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)with the FreeStyle Libre FGM system for 14 d.Throughout the study period,fingertip capillary blood glucose was measured daily using the enzyme electrode method(Super GL,China),and blood glucose levels were read from the scanning probe during fasting and 2 h after all three meals.Moreover,the time interval between reading the data from the scanning probe and collecting fingertip capillary blood was controlled to<5 min.The accuracy of the FGM system was evaluated according to the CGM guidelines.Subsequently,the factors influencing the mean absolute relative difference(MARD)of this system were analyzed by a multiple linear regression method.RESULTS Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that the fingertip and scanned glucose levels were positively correlated(R=0.86,P=0.00).The aggregated MARD of scanned glucose was 14.28±13.40%.Parker's error analysis showed that 99.30%of the data pairs were located in areas A and B.According to the probe wear time of the FreeStyle Libre FGM system,MARD_(1 d) and MARD_(2-14 d) were 16.55%and 14.35%,respectively(t=1.23,P=0.22).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that MARD did not correlate with blood glucose when the largest amplitude of glycemic excursion(LAGE)was<5.80 mmol/L but negatively correlated with blood glucose when the LAGE was≥5.80 mmol/L.CONCLUSION The FreeStyle Libre FGM system has good accuracy in patients with T2D who had recently migrated from highlands to plains.This system might be ideal for avoiding the effects of high hematocrit on blood glucose monitoring in populations that recently migrated to plains.MARD is mainly influenced by glucose levels and fluctuations,and the accuracy of the system is higher when the blood glucose fluctuation is small.In case of higher blood glucose level fluctuations,deviation in the scanned glucose levels is the highest at extremely low blood glucose levels.
文摘情感计算的一个重要目的是建立一个能够对人类情绪进行实时、准确判别的智能系统,以提高人机交互的和谐性,具有广泛的应用前景。在实验室条件下诱发情感需要借助情绪诱发范式(Experimental Paradigm for Inducing Emotions,EPIE)。近年来,基于视频的情绪诱发范式获得了大量的关注。然而,少有文献系统性地总结面向情感计算的视频诱发范式中的实验流程和统计方法,以及对实验标准和规范开展梳理和介绍。根据近年来已报道的情感计算的研究成果,回顾了它们所采用的情绪诱发范式,包含情绪模型选择、刺激素材筛选、被试筛选和培训、评价问卷的设计与统计方法、实验流程设计。此外,在总结和评价现有范式的基础之上,对面向情感计算的视频诱发范式的被试选择、素材顺序、自评问卷等提出了新的思路和建议。
