大宝山含钨褐铁矿中钨的赋存状态与嵌布特征

通过多种分析方法,探究广东大宝山含钨褐铁矿的物相组成、元素分布等工艺矿物学特征,以揭示矿石中关键金属钨的赋存状态与嵌布特征。X射线荧光分析(XRF)、粉末X射线衍射(XRD)以及扫描电子显微镜和能谱(SEM-EDS)结果表明:矿石中主要矿物为含钨褐铁矿和石英,关键金属钨品位为1.35%。微区X射线衍射(Micro-XRD)和矿物解离度分析仪(MLA)结果表明:钨主要赋存于高铁钨华((W,Fe)(O,OH)_(3))中,而高铁钨华则以剥离和带状形式紧密分布在褐铁矿中。同时,还定量分析了有价元素在各主要矿物中的赋存和分布情况,并讨论了含钨褐铁矿风化演变和形成机制。最终提出了一种选冶联合分选回收流程,为高效回收含钨褐铁矿中关键金属钨提供理论基础。

Expert consensus on pediatric orthodontic therapies of malocclusions in children

Malocclusion,identified by the World Health Organization(WHO)as one of three major oral diseases,profoundly impacts the dental-maxillofacial functions,facial esthetics,and long-term development of~260 million children in China.Beyond its physical manifestations,malocclusion also significantly influences the psycho-social well-being of these children.Timely intervention in malocclusion can foster an environment conducive to dental-maxillofacial development and substantially decrease the incidence of malocclusion or reduce the severity and complexity of malocclusion in the permanent dentition,by mitigating the negative impact of abnormal environmental influences on the growth.Early orthodontic treatment encompasses accurate identification and treatment of dental and maxillofacial morphological and functional abnormalities during various stages of dental-maxillofacial development,ranging from fetal stages to the early permanent dentition phase.From an economic and societal standpoint,the urgency for effective early orthodontic treatments for malocclusions in childhood cannot be overstated,underlining its profound practical and social importance.This consensus paper discusses the characteristics and the detrimental effects of malocclusion in children,emphasizing critical need for early treatment.It elaborates on corresponding core principles and fundamental approaches in early orthodontics,proposing comprehensive guidance for preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment,serving as a reference for clinicians engaged in early orthodontic treatment.

世界卫生组织中枢神经系统肿瘤分类和Ki-67指数对脑胶质瘤患者预后的影响

目的:探讨世界卫生组织中枢神经系统肿瘤分类(简称WHO分级)和Ki-67指数对脑胶质瘤患者预后的影响。方法:选取2019年1月—2022年6月于新疆医科大学第二附属医院神经外科行颅内肿瘤切除术的脑胶质瘤患者22例作为研究对象。收集患者临床资料,检测病理组织Ki-67水平,根据患者是否复发或死亡分为未复发组与复发或死亡组,分析脑胶质瘤预后的影响因素,WHO分级和Ki-67指数与生存时间的关系。结果:无复发组WHO分级低分级、Ki-67指数<5%占比高于复发或死亡组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示,胶质瘤WHO分级、Ki-67指数均与生存时间呈负相关(P<0.05)。WHO分级与Ki-67指数呈正相关(P<0.001)。结论:WHO高级别和Ki-67指数≥5%与胶质瘤患者不良预后相关。

Melatonin and dopamine alleviate waterlogging stress in apples by recruiting beneficial endophytes to enhance physiological resilience

Melatonin and dopamine can potentially prevent waterlogging stress in apples.The current study investigated the mechanism by which melatonin and dopamine alleviate apple waterlogging stress.This study demonstrated that melatonin and dopamine alleviated waterlogging by removing reactive oxygen species(ROS),and that the nitric oxide(NO)content and nitrate reductase(NR)activity were significantly correlated.Melatonin and dopamine were also found to recruit different candidate beneficial endophytes(melatonin:Novosphingobium,Propionivibrio,and Cellvibrio;dopamine:Hydrogenophaga,Simplicispira,Methyloversatilis,Candidatus_Kaiserbacteria,and Humicola),and these endophytes were significantly and positively correlated with plant growth.Network analyses showed that melatonin and dopamine significantly affected the endophytic bacterial and fungal communities under waterlogging stress.The metabolomic results showed that melatonin and dopamine led to waterlogging resistance by upregulating the abundance of beneficial substances such as amino acids,flavonoids,coumarins,and organic acids.In addition,melatonin and dopamine regulated the physicochemical properties of the soil,which altered the endophyte community and affected plant growth.The co-occurrence network demonstrated close and complex relationships among endophytes,metabolites,soil,and the plants.Our results demonstrate that melatonin and dopamine alleviate waterlogging stress in apples by recruiting beneficial endophytes to enhance physiological resilience.This study provides new insights into how melatonin and dopamine alleviate stress and a theoretical basis for synergistic beneficial microbial resistance to waterlogging stress.

Dopamine improves apple replant disease resistance by regulating physiological resilience and rhizosphere microbial community structure

Apple replant disease(ARD)is a complex agricultural problem caused by multiple stressors that can lead to increased reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels and limited nutrient utilization in plants.However,existing countermeasures cannot effectively address this challenge.Here,we used Malus hupehensis as a test organism to investigate whether the pleiotropic molecule dopamine can alleviate ARD using pot experiments.Exogenous application of 100μmol L-1 dopamine significantly promoted the growth of apple seedlings in the replanted soil,with a relative growth rate increase of 17.44%.Our results revealed two major pathways by which dopamine regulates ARD resistance in apple trees.First,dopamine effectively reduces the level of ROS and activates the expression of genes related to nitrogen(N)transport and metabolism.Among those genes,MdNLP5,MdNRT1.1,MdNLP2,MdNRT2.5,MdNLP3,MdNRT2.4,MdNADH-GAGOT,and MdFd-GAGOT were strongly regulated by dopamine.These regulatory effects promoted the uptake and utilization of soil N by the plants.Second,dopamine improved the physical and chemical properties,enhanced microbial community diversity,and promoted mutual cooperation between microbial communities in the soil.Furthermore,dopamine altered the microbial structure of rhizosphere soil(upregulating Clostridiales,Gaiellales,Sordariales and Mortierellales;downregulating Micrococcales,Longimicrobiales,Hypocreales and Cystobasidiales).Notably,dopamine significantly upregulated the abundances of Gaiella and Mortierella,both of which were positively correlated with soil urease activity,soil available N content,plant growth and N uptake.Dopamine also significantly downregulated the abundance of the plant pathogen Gibberella(by 11.71-fold)in replant soil.Our results provide insights into the mechanisms by which dopamine promotes ARD resistance,and can promote the sustainable development of the apple industry.

Nitrogen-doped microporous graphite-enhanced copper plasmonic effect for solar evaporation

Water scarcity is a global challenge,and solar evaporation technology offers a promising and eco-friendly solution for freshwater production.Photothermal conversion materials(PCMs)are crucial for solar evaporation.Improving photothermal conversion efficiency and reducing water evaporation enthalpy are the two key strategies for the designing of PCMs.The desired PCMs that combine both of these properties remain a challenging task,even with the latest advancements in the field.Herein,we developed copper nanoparticles(NPs)with different conjugated nitrogen-doped microporous carbon coatings(Cu@C–N)as PCMs.The microporous carbon enveloping layer provides a highly efficient pathway for water transport and a nanoconfined environment that protects Cu NPs and facilitates the evaporation of water clusters,reducing the enthalpy of water evaporation.Meanwhile,the conjugated nitrogen nodes form strong metal-organic coordination bonds with the surface of copper NPs,acting as an energy bridge to achieve rapid energy transfer and provide high solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency.The Cu@C–N exhibited up to 89.4%solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency and an evaporation rate of 1.94 kgm^(−2) h^(−1) under one sun irradiation,outperforming conventional PCMs,including carbon-based materials and semiconductor materials.These findings offer an efficient design scheme for high-performance PCMs essential for solar evaporators to address global water scarcity.

Adipsin inhibits Irak2 mitochondrial translocation and improves fatty acid β-oxidation to alleviate diabetic cardiomyopathy

Background Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) causes the myocardium to rely on fatty acid β-oxidation for energy. The accumulation of intracellular lipids and fatty acids in the myocardium usually results in lipotoxicity, which impairs myocardial function. Adipsin may play an important protective role in the pathogenesis of DCM. The aim of this study is to investigate the regulatory effect of Adipsin on DCM lipotoxicity and its molecular mechanism.MethodsA high-fat diet (HFD)-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus model was constructed in mice with adipose tissue-specific overexpression of Adipsin (Adipsin-Tg). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) pull-down technique, Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and immunofluorescence colocalization analyses were used to investigate the molecules which can directly interact with Adipsin. The immunocolloidal gold method was also used to detect the interaction between Adipsin and its downstream modulator.ResultsThe expression of Adipsin was significantly downregulated in the HFD-induced DCM model (P < 0.05). Adipose tissue-specific overexpression of Adipsin significantly improved cardiac function and alleviated cardiac remodeling in DCM (P < 0.05). Adipsin overexpression also alleviated mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation function in diabetic stress (P < 0.05). LC–MS/MS analysis, GST pull-down technique and Co-IP studies revealed that interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-like 2 (Irak2) was a downstream regulator of Adipsin. Immunofluorescence analysis also revealed that Adipsin was co-localized with Irak2 in cardiomyocytes. Immunocolloidal gold electron microscopy and Western blotting analysis indicated that Adipsin inhibited the mitochondrial translocation of Irak2 in DCM, thus dampening the interaction between Irak2 and prohibitin (Phb)-optic atrophy protein 1 (Opa1) on mitochondria and improving the structural integrity and function of mitochondria (P < 0.05). Interestingly, in the presence of Irak2 knockdown, Adipsin overexpression did not further alleviate myocardial mitochondrial destruction and cardiac dysfunction, suggesting a downstream role of Irak2 in Adipsin-induced responses (P < 0.05). Consistent with these findings, overexpression of Adipsin after Irak2 knockdown did not further reduce the accumulation of lipids and their metabolites in the cardiac myocardium, nor did it enhance the oxidation capacity of cardiomyocytes expose to palmitate (PA) (P < 0.05). These results indicated that Irak2 may be a downstream regulator of Adipsin.ConclusionsAdipsin improves fatty acid β-oxidation and alleviates mitochondrial injury in DCM. The mechanism is related to Irak2 interaction and inhibition of Irak2 mitochondrial translocation.

STABILITY OF TRANSONIC SHOCKS TO THE EULER-POISSON SYSTEM WITH VARYING BACKGROUND CHARGES

This paper is devoted to studying the stability of transonic shock solutions to the Euler-Poisson system in a one-dimensional nozzle of finite length.The background charge in the Poisson equation is a piecewise constant function.The structural stability of the steady transonic shock solution is obtained by the monotonicity argument.Furthermore,this transonic shock is proved to be dynamically and exponentially stable with respect to small perturbations of the initial data.One of the crucial ingredients of the analysis is to establish the global well-posedness of a free boundary problem for a quasilinear second order equation with nonlinear boundary conditions.

Electrocatalytic stability of two-dimensional materials

In electrocatalysis,two-dimensional(2D)materials have attracted extensive interests due to their unique electronic structure and physical properties.In recent years,many efforts have been devoted to improving the catalytic activity of 2D materials.However,the stability of 2D materials under catalytic conditions,as a critical issue,requires better understanding for any practical applications.This review summarizes recent progress in electrocatalytic stability of 2D materials,including four intrinsic factors that affect the stability of 2D materials:1.Weak interactions between 2D catalyst and substrate;2,delamination of 2D catalyst layers;3.metastable phase of 2D materials;4.chemistry and environmental instability of 2D materials.Meanwhile,some corresponding solutions are summarized for each factor.In addition,this review proposes potential routes for developing 2D catalytic materials with both high activity and stability.

清洁度在线检测设备在液压油灌装过程中的应用

介绍了液压油清洁度在线检测设备的工作原理及特点,我司通过对液压油灌装管道的改造及清洁度在线检测设备的安装,实现了液压油灌装过程中清洁度指标的在线检测功能;与传统的静态取样检测法相比,液压油清洁度的在线检测可以显著提高液压油灌装时的产品检测效率,并可节省人工,有效降低液压油生产过程的检测成本,为液压油灌装过程的质量控制及效益提升起到了积极作用。

一种有机型长换液期重负荷发动机冷却液的应用研究

文章阐述了一种有机型长换液期重负荷发动机冷却液在重负荷发动机上的行车试验研究情况。对行车试验周期内不同里程发动机冷却液取样分析、监测,结果表明:长换液期重负荷发动机冷却液具有优异的金属缓蚀性能,可以满足重负荷发动机对冷却液的要求。行车试验可以为50万km长换液期重负荷发动机冷却液的换液里程提供技术支撑.

发动机冷却液常用缓蚀剂的性能及作用

发动机冷却液缓蚀剂具有防腐蚀、防锈蚀的作用,是发动机冷却液中最主要的功能性添加剂。缓蚀剂对金属的保护作用具有一定的选择性,同一种缓蚀剂对某些金属具有良好的保护作用,但是对其他金属可能会有加速腐蚀的风险,因此冷却液一般选用多种缓蚀剂,以复配的方式满足发动机冷却液对冷却系统多种金属提供保护的需要。

自动开口闪点仪使用影响因素的研究

介绍了PAC Herzog OptiFlash Optifash系列全自动开口闪点仪的测试原理及使用方法,通过使用该型号仪器对已知开口闪点的样品进行测试,分析了试样装液量、火焰球大小对测试结果的影响,避免在使用自动化设备测试开口闪点时因人员操作问题导致的测试结果偏差,同时将测自动化仪器测试结果与手工仪器测试结果进行了比较。结果表明,全自动开口闪点仪测试准确度优于传统手工仪器测试结果,两者测试结果在再现性标准要求不大于17℃的范围内。

采用恒界面池法研究双(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯(HDEHP)-乳酸复合体系萃取镧和铈动力学

研究在乳酸络合体系中HDEHP萃取镧和铈的动力学。通过恒界面池装置分别研究不同搅拌速度、比界面积、温度和溶液组分浓度对萃取速率的影响。当搅拌速度为130~180 r/min时,萃取反应速率以化学反应控制为主,并且随着比界面和温度的升高,萃取速率变快。萃取动力学研究表明,萃取反应符合准一级反应,传质过程发生在有机相与液相界面而不是在相体内。萃取反应吉布斯自由能ΔG<0,能够自发进行反应,表观活化能的计算表明HDEHP在萃取中更易与铈结合。

脊柱畸形矫形手术神经并发症的研究进展

脊柱畸形矫形手术难度高、风险大、并发症多。脊髓或神经损伤是脊柱矫形手术中最严重的并发症[1]。神经并发症的分为轻度和重度,轻度神经并发症为颅神经或周围神经损伤;重度神经并发症为脊髓损害,主要表现为双下肢全瘫、一侧或双侧下肢不全瘫[2、3]。对于重度脊柱畸形矫形手术,特别是需要行三柱截骨,包括经椎弓根截骨(pedicle subtraction osteotomy,PSO)、全脊椎截骨术(vertebral column resection,VCR)等手术,术中神经并发症发生的风险高[4、5]。本文对脊柱畸形矫形手术神经并发症的研究及脊柱畸形矫形手术新技术、新理念的应用等进行综述。

Mg^(2+),Al^(3+)和Fe^(3+)对氟磷灰石表面性质的影响

矿物表面性质是影响其分散聚集和浮选行为的主要因素,通过溶液化学分析计算、浊度、接触角及Zeta-电位测试分析,研究了矿浆中,Mg^(2+),Al^(3+),Fe^(3+)等金属离子对氟磷灰石(FAP)表面性质的影响。结果表明:金属离子在溶液中的存在形式随pH值的变化而改变,FAP是亲水性矿物,添加Fe^(3+)对FAP的润湿性影响受pH的影响较大,在酸性环境中,Fe^(3+)对FAP的亲水起促进作用,在中性及碱性环境下,Fe^(3+)能较好地抑制FAP的亲水。Mg^(2+)和Al^(3+)受pH的影响较小,在中性环境下Mg^(2+),Al^(3+)离子均抑制FAP的润湿性。在pH=3~11范围内,Mg^(2+)主要以+2价的离子存在,压缩FAP表面双电层;Al^(3+)和Fe^(3+)主要是通过水解的作用生成氢氧化物沉淀覆盖在FAP表面,并且Mg^(2+),Al^(3+),Fe^(3+)均会破坏FAP的分散性,促使FAP发生聚沉现象。

硫代乳酸抑制剂分离辉钼矿与黄铜矿:浮选行为及机理

针对黄铜矿与辉钼矿可浮性相似导致分离难的问题,亟需开发一种经济与绿色的抑制剂。提出一种新型黄铜矿抑制剂硫代乳酸。通过单矿物和人工混合矿浮选实验,对硫代乳酸的浮选行为进行研究。单矿物浮选实验结果表明,硫代乳酸对黄铜矿具有较好的抑制效果,硫代乳酸作用后,黄铜矿浮选回收率从81%下降至9.7%,而辉钼矿浮选回收率仍保持在71%以上。人工混合矿浮选实验表明,黄铜矿与辉钼矿分离效果较好,高登选择性指数为12.9。采用FT-IR、XPS和AFM等方法研究硫代乳酸在辉钼矿和黄铜矿表面的反应机理,并提出可能的吸附模型。结果表明,硫代乳酸的—SH和—COOH基团优先占据黄铜矿表面活性铜位点,阻止丁基黄原酸钠在黄铜矿表面的化学吸附。

Trend of glaucoma internal filtration surgeries in a tertiary hospital in China

AIM:To evaluate the trend of glaucoma internal filtration surgeries for inpatients between 2015 and 2021 at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.METHODS:A review of the medical records of inpatients who had been diagnosed with glaucoma and received antiglaucoma surgery between January 1,2015 and December 31,2021 was conducted.The glaucoma diagnosis in this study included primary open angle glaucoma,primary angleclosure glaucoma,secondary glaucoma,and paediatric glaucoma.The types of surgeries were categorised as internal filtration,external filtration,and cyclodestruction surgery based on the pathway of aqueous humor outflow.The trend of these glaucoma surgeries in the sample of patients with different types of glaucoma was then analysed.RESULTS:The number of patients hospitalised for glaucoma surgery increased yearly,from 752 in 2015 to 1373 in 2021,at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.Regarding the patients diagnosed with primary open angle glaucoma,internal filtration surgery increased from 27.40%of the sample to 54.40%of the sample,while external filtration surgery decreased from 71.50%to 44.20%between 2015 and 2021.For paediatric glaucoma,internal filtration surgery increased from 37.50%in 2015 to 88.20%in 2021.Whilst different types of surgeries were performed on the sample of patients with secondary glaucoma,the proportion of internal filtration surgery also showed an increase from 18.20%in 2015 to 40.90%in 2021.Meanwhile,internal filtration surgery in the patient sample with primary angle-closure glaucoma already accounted for over 70.00%in 2015,and showed a small increase by 2021.CONCLUSION:As surgical technology and surgical experience continue to elevate and improve,the range of glaucoma surgeries are correspondingly evolving.This study find that internal filtration surgeries accounted for an increasing proportion of treatments in the surgical management of glaucoma between 2015 and 2021.

Response of plant,litter,and soil C:N:P stoichiometry to growth stages in Quercus secondary forests on the Loess Plateau,China

Ecological stoichiometry is an important indicator of biogeochemical cycles and nutrient limitations in terrestrial ecosystems.However,little is known about the response of ecological stoichiometry to plant growth.In this study,carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and phosphorus(P)concentrations were evaluated in plant tissues(trees,shrubs,and herbs),litter,and soil of young(≤40-year-old),middle-aged(41–60-year-old),near-mature(61–80-year-old),and mature(81–120-year-old)Quercus secondary forests on the Loess Plateau,China.Vegetation composition,plant biomass,and C stock were determined to illustrate their interaction with stoichiometry.Only tree biomass C signifi cantly increased with stand development.Leaf N and trunk P concentrationsgenerally increased,but branch P decreased with growth stage.Fine roots had the highest C and P concentrations at the middle-aged stage.In contrast,shrubs,herbs,litter,and soil C:N:P stoichiometry did not change signifi cantly during stand development.Leaf N and P were positively correlated with soil C,N,P,and their ratios.However,there was no signifi cant correlation between litter and leaves in terms of C:N:P stoichiometry.A redundancy analysis showed that soil N best explained leaf N and P variance,and tree biomass and C stock were related to biotic factors such as tree age and shrub biomass.Hierarchical partitioning analysis indicated that,compared with soil or litter variables,stand age only accounted for a relatively small proportion of leaf C,N,and P variation.Thus,secondary Quercus ecosystems might have inherent ability to maintain sensitive responses of metabolically active organs to environmental factors during stand aging.The results of this work help to elucidate the biogeochemical cycling of secondary forest ecosystems in tree development,provide novel insights into the adaptation strategies of plants in diff erent organs and growth stages,and could be used to guide fertilization programs and optimize forest structure.

A Thermo-Tunable Metamaterial as an Actively Controlled Broadband Absorber

Metamaterials have attracted increasing attention in recent years due to their powerful abilities in manipulating electromagnetic (EM) waves. However, most previously reported metamaterials are unable to actively control full-band EM waves. In this paper, we propose a thermo-tunable broadband metamaterial (T-TBM) using paraffin-based composites (PD-Cs) with different phase transition temperatures. Active control of the T-TBM reflection loss peaks from low to high frequency is realized by manipulating the solid–liquid state of the PD-Cs at different phase transition temperatures. The absorption peak bandwidth (where the reflection loss value is less than −30 dB) can be changed, while the broad bandwidth absorption (where the reflection loss value is less than −10 dB) is satisfied by adjusting the temperature of the T-TBM. It is shown that the stagnation of the phase transition temperature of the PD-Cs in the T-TBM provides a time window for actively controlling the EM wave absorption response under different thermal conditions. The device has a broad application prospect in the fields of EM absorption, intelligent metamaterials, multifunctional structural devices, and more.