界面聚合法制备耐热型山梨醇水溶液微胶囊

为获得具有植物叶片近红外精细反射光谱特征的伪装材料,采用界面聚合法制备山梨醇水溶液微胶囊。选择聚脲为壁材,设计了两步升温的包覆工艺,通过反应温度的优化得到了水分含量达50%以上的山梨醇水溶液微胶囊。扫描电子显微镜下观察到微胶囊呈表面较为光滑的球形;紫外/可见/近红外分光光度计结果表明,微胶囊的反射光谱在1450 nm和1930 nm处呈现与绿色植被相似的水分吸收谷。微胶囊具有优良的水分保持能力,在25℃、相对湿度50%环境中放置96 h后水分含量变化率不超过3%;热重分析和差示扫描量热结果表明,微胶囊水分的流失起始温度超过200℃。该微胶囊轻质、水分含量高、耐热性强,制备工艺简单,与植物叶片近红外反射光谱匹配度高,在对抗高光谱探测技术领域具有良好应用前景。

Association between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Psychological Features of Chinese Emerging Adults

Background:Emerging adulthood is a pivotal life stage,presenting significant psychological and social changes,such as decreased sociability,depression,and other mental health problems.Previous studies have associated these changes with an unhealthy lifestyle.The 24-h movement guidelines for healthy lifestyles have been developed to promote appropriate health behaviors and improve individual wellness.However,the relationship between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and different characteristics of Chinese emerging adults is yet to be explored.This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and four characteristics(self-exploration,instability,possibilities,and responsibility)of Chinese emerging adults.Methods:Overall,1,510 Chinese emerging adults aged 18–29 years were included in this study.Each participant completed a self-administered questionnaire that included questions on adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines(physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep)and the inventory of dimensions of emerging adulthood.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the associations between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and each of the four characteristics.Results:The proportion of participants who adhered to the 24-h movement guidelines was 31.72%.Multiple regression analysis revealed a significantly negative relationship between adhering to more guidelines and instability(β=−0.51,p<0.001).A statistically significant association was observed between instability and meeting only sedentary behavior(β=−1.27,95%confidence interval[CI]:[−2.32,−0.24],p=0.02),sedentary behavior+sleep(β=−1.30,95%CI:[−2.24,−0.35],p<0.01),and physical activity+sedentary behavior(β=−1.08,95%CI:[1.94,−0.21],p=0.02)guidelines.Further,positive and significant associations were observed between possibilities and meeting the guidelines for only physical activity(β=0.70,95%CI:[0.14,1.27),p=0.01),only sleep(β=0.61,95%CI:[0.01,1.21],p=0.04),physical activity+sedentary behavior(β=0.56,95%CI:[0.04,1.07),p=0.01),and physical activity+sleep(β=0.76,95%CI:[0.23,1.27],p=0.01).Conclusions:These findings suggest that adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines was associated with instability in Chinese emerging adults.Future studies are warranted to verify our findings to highlight the importance of maintaining a heath lifestyle to promote health in emerging adulthood.

基于耦合评价的甘肃省高校非学历教育-经济-社会协调发展研究

时空耦合评价可以从整体视域反映教育规模与区域经济、社会三个变量系统的协同发展水平。本研究基于甘肃省高校非学历教育与区域经济社会发展的时空耦合关系,提出了相应的协调发展对策。研究发现,高校非学历教育与经济社会发展呈现明显关联,通过提供职业培训、技能提升和科研合作等项目,对促进地区产业发展、人才培养和社会进步起到了积极的影响。基于此,本研究提出了注重教育供给与职业需求协调、人才培养与产业升级协调、人力资源培养与就业推动协调以及知识创新与社会进步协调的对策建议,旨在实现高校自身发展、经济繁荣和社会进步的共赢。

Simulation of tungsten impurity transport by DIVIMP under different divertor magnetic configurations on HL-3

Tungsten(W)accumulation in the core,depending on W generation and transport in the edge region,is a severe issue in fusion reactors.Compared to standard divertors(SDs),snowflake divertors(SFDs)can effectively suppress the heat flux,while the impact of magnetic configurations on W core accumulation remains unclear.In this study,the kinetic code DIVIMP combined with the SOLPS-ITER code is applied to investigate the effects of divertor magnetic configurations(SD versus SFD)on W accumulation during neon injection in HL-3.It is found that the W concentration in the core of the SFD is significantly higher than that of the SD with similar total W erosion flux.The reasons for this are:(1)W impurities in the core of the SFD mainly originate from the inner divertor,which has a short leg,and the source is close to the divertor entrance and upstream separatrix.Furthermore,the W ionization source(S_(W0))is much stronger,especially near the divertor entrance.(2)The region overlap of S_(W0)and F_(W,TOT)pointing upstream promote W accumulation in the core.Moreover,the influence of W source locations at the inner target on W transport in the SFD is investigated.Tungsten impurity in the core is mainly contributed by target erosion in the common flux region(CFR)away from the strike point.This is attributed to the fact that the W source at this location enhances the ionization source above the W ion stagnation point,which sequentially increases W penetration.Therefore,the suppression of far SOL inner target erosion can effectively prevent W impurities from accumulating in the core.

Analysis and Assessment on the Heavy Metals in a Severely Degraded Subtropical Red Soil Region

5 different forests of Pinus massoniana, Schima superba, Liquidambar formosana, P. massoniana × S. superba, P. massoniana × L. formosana as the research object were set up to study the Cr, Cu and Zn content of degraded red soil region in subtropics. The soil heavy metal pollution degree was evaluated by national environmental quality standard (II class). The results showed that three soil metals of P. massoniana × S. superba were the highest, and the soil metals enrichment ability was strong. The order of single factor pollution index of metal elements was Cu (1.38) > Cr (0.81) > Zn (0.42), and moderately pollution, pollution warning and no pollution, respectively. There was no significant correlation between three soil heavy metals and soil total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). These results suggested that the accumulation of heavy metal elements was not derived from the parent material of soil. There was a significant positive correlation between the three metal elements which indicated that the sources of the three elements were similar. The structural equation model showed that the direct and indirect effects among the influencing factors ultimately affected the activity of heavy metals by cascade effects.

PLFA Analysis of Soil Microbial Community Structure in Different Forest Types

Soil soluble organic matter is an important component in the study of carbon and nitrogen cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Soil microorganisms, as soil decomposers, participate in soil biogeochemical processes and play an important role in maintaining the balance of soil ecosystems. As a typical subtropical regional unit, Queensland, Australia, is a relatively concentrated distribution area of forests in Australia. It is very sensitive to climate change and plays an important role in Australian climate and even global climate change. Its unique natural environment and ecosystem occupy a special position in the world. However, the knowledge of available carbon and nitrogen pool and microbial activity in forest soil is still very limited. Pinus elliottii, Araucaria cunninghamii and Agathis australis are the three most important forest types in southern Queensland, Australia. In our research, the function and structural diversity of soil microbial communities of these three forest types were studied using biochemical and molecular biological methods, and the effective carbon and nitrogen pools of soil of different forest types and related microbial processes were discussed, which has important theoretical guiding significance for further research on the structure and function of soil ecosystem. The number of PLFAs in the soil of P. elliottii was 45, the number of PLFAs in the soil of Araucaria cunninghamii and Agathis australis was 39 and 35, respectively. The number and content of PLFAs monomer in P. elliottii were higher than those in the other two kinds of forest soil.

Metabolic and molecular analysis of nonuniform anthocyanin pigmentation in tomato fruit under high light

Pigment intensity and patterns are important factors that determine the nutritional and market values of tomato fruits.The acropetal manner of light-dependent anthocyanin accumulation with the highest levels at the stem end of the fruit makes Pro35S:BrTT8 tomato plants an ideal system for investigating the effects of light intensity on anthocyanin biosynthesis.Extensive transcript analyses indicate that anthocyanin pigmentation in Pro35S:BrTT8 plants under high light might be coordinately regulated by the exogenous protein BrTT8 and endogenous proteins SlAN2 and SlMYBL2.Furthermore,yeast two-hybrid assays showed that BrTT8 could interact efficiently with SlAN2,SlMYBL2,and SlAN11.Moreover,the physical interaction between BrTT8 and SlAN2 was validated by FRET.Simultaneous overexpression of SlAN2 and BrTT8 activated significant anthocyanin biosynthesis in infiltrated tobacco leaves.In addition,the ability of SlMYBL2 to suppress anthocyanin accumulation was also demonstrated in infiltrated tobacco leaves.Altogether,these results prove that tissue-specific assemblage of the heterogeneous MYB-bHLH-WD40 complex consisting of SlAN2,BrTT8 and SlAN11 triggers nonuniform anthocyanin accumulation in tomato fruit under high light.Additionally,it is proposed that a negative-feedback loop fulfilled by SlMYBL2 also participates in the regulation of anthocyanin production.

A 14 nucleotide deletion mutation in the coding region of the PpBBX24 gene is associated with the red skin of“Zaosu Red”pear(Pyrus pyrifolia White Pear Group):a deletion in the PpBBX24 gene is associated with the red skin of pear

Red skin is an important quality trait for pear fruits and is determined by the concentration and composition of anthocyanins.The regulatory mechanism underlying anthocyanin accumulation is a popular topic in fruit research.Red mutants are ideal materials for studying the molecular mechanism of color diversity in pear.Although several red pear mutants have been cultivated and are in production,no exact locus containing the responsible genetic mutation has been identified.In this study,by combining the bulked segregant analysis with whole-genome sequencing,we identified a 14 nucleotide deletion mutation in the coding region of the PpBBX24 gene from the red pear mutant“Zaosu Red”.We further verified that the deletion was present only in the red mutant of“Zaosu”and in its red offspring,which was different from that which occurred in other red pear fruits.This deletion results in a coding frame shift such that there is an early termination of the PpBBX24 gene and loss of key NLS and VP domains from PpBBX24.The lost domains may reduce or alter the normal function of PpBBX24.In addition,we found that the transcript levels of the PpMYB10 and PpHY5 genes in red samples were significantly higher than those in green samples,whereas the results for the normal-type PpBBX24 gene were the opposite.We ultimately revealed that the 14 nucleotide deletion mutation in the coding region of the PpBBX24 gene is associated with the red skin of the“Zaosu Red”pear.This finding of somatic mutational events will be helpful for breeding new red pear cultivars and for understanding the regulatory mechanisms involved in pear skin pigmentation.

Surface Chemical Modification of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Its Application in Biomaterials

Cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs) have been widely applied in biomaterials and show great biocompatibility and mechanical strength. In this review, the chemical reactions applied in CNC surface modification and their application in CNC based biomaterials are introduced. Furthermore, the conjugation of different functional molecules and nanostructures to the surface of CNCs are discussed, with focus on the binding modes, reaction conditions, and reaction mechanisms. With this introduction, we hope to provide a clear view of the strategies for surface modification of CNCs and their application in biomaterials, thus providing an overall picture of promising CNC-based biomaterials and their production.

基于级联核酸侵入反应的real-time PCR法检测咽拭子样本中UGT1A1*6基因多态性

伊立替康(irinotecan)不良反应与UGT1A1*6单核苷酸多态性相关,目前应用的单核苷酸多态性检测方法具有耗时长、开盖易污染、操作繁琐等缺点,因此需建立一种操作简便且不易污染的适合临床应用的新方法。本研究利用3种已知基因型的DNA样本建立基于级联核酸侵入反应的real-time PCR法检测UGT1A1*6多态性的最佳反应体系,并对其检测口腔咽拭子样本的灵敏度和准确性进行了考察。结果显示,本文成功建立了基于级联核酸侵入反应的UGT1A1*6基因多态性检测方法,可用于咽拭子样本的分型检测,其灵敏度达到6 ng DNA,分型准确性达到100%。因其取样方便对人体无创,单管闭管检测不易产生交叉污染,具有用于临床检测伊立替康的个体化用药相关UGT1A1*6基因多态性的潜力。

Stability and Antioxidant Activity of Anthocyanins from Flowers of Rhododendron pulchrum Sweet.

The effects of light,temperature,p H,oxidant and reducing agents,metal ions and food additives on the stability of anthocyanins from flowers of Rhododendron pulchrum Sweet.,as well as their scavenging capacity for ·OH,O^(2-)· and DPPH· free radicals and reducing power were investigated. The results showed that the anthocyanins from flowers of R. pulchrum were relatively stable in the room with natural light,at temperature lower than 45℃,and in the solution with p H ≤ 4. The addition of Na^+,K^+Ca^(2 +)metal ions,glucose,sodium benzoate,acetic acid and salt had little effect,but Cu^(2 +),Zn^(2 +),Fe^(3 +),Al^(3 +),starch and sodium glutamate showed adverse effects on the stability of the anthocyanins. The anthocyanins from flowers of R. pulchrum had a good antioxidant effect,and their scavenging capacity for · OH,O^(2-)·,DPPH· was better than that of the same concentration of Vc.

Resonance and Bifurcation of Fractional Nonlinear Systems with Power Damping Term for Robot Grinding

A fractional nonlinear system with power damping term is introduced to study the forced vibration system in order to solve the resonance and bifurcation problems between grinding wheel and steel bar during robot grinding.The robot,grinding wheel and steel bar are reduced to a spring-damping second-order system model.The implicit function equations of vibration amplitude of the dynamic system with coulomb friction damping,linear damping,square damping and cubic damping are obtained by average method.The stability of the system is analyzed and explained,and the stability condition of the system is proposed.Then,the amplitude-frequency characteristic curves of the system under different fractional differential orders,nonlinear stiffness parameters,fractional differential term coefficients and external excitation amplitude are analyzed.It is shown that the fractional differential term in the dynamic system is the damping characteristic.Then the influence of four kinds of damping on the vibration amplitude of the system under the same parameter is investigated and it is proved that the cubic damping suppresses the vibration of the system to the maximum extent.Finally,based on the idea that the equilibrium point of the system is the constant part of the Fourier series expansion term,the bifurcation behavior caused by the change of damping parameters in linear damping,square damping and cubic damping systems with different values of fractional differential order is investigated.

Phylogenetic context of a deep-sea clam(Bivalvia:Vesicomyidae) revealed by DNA from 1 500-year-old shells

DEAR EDITOR,Ancient DNA(a DNA) from mollusc shells is considered a potential archive of historical biodiversity and evolution.However, such information is currently lacking for mollusc shells from the deep ocean, especially those from acidic chemosynthetic environments theoretically unsuitable for longterm DNA preservation. Here, we report on the recovery of mitochondrial and nuclear gene markers by Illumina sequencing of a DNA from three shells of Archivesica nanshaensis – a hydrocarbon-seep vesicomyid clam previously known only from a pair of empty shells collected at a depth of 2626 m in the South China Sea.

Effects of Stratification and Hormone Treatments on Germination and Physio-Biochemical Properties of <i>Taxus chinensis var. mairei</i>Seed

In order to learn dormancy mechanism of Taxtts chinensis var. mairei seed, effects of stratification and hormone treatments on physiological and biochemical indexes of the seeds after stratifying for eight months were researched. The content of amylase activity and soluble sugar gradually increased at first stratification, and then to the maximum for the end of after-ripening period. With the dormancy of seed relieving, some soluble sugar of endosperm was used or consumed by respiration and that led to their content decreased. Seed soluble protein was gradually accumulated at the beginning of stratification and then the initial raw material of protein synthesis of embryo during development had been used or in part converted into carbohydrates for energy consumption, so that the soluble protein content decreased. The fat and starch content slowly decreased during stratification, which showed that the storage of material had continually carrying out catabolism and conversion, which might provide energy sources for seed germination in the stratification process. The peroxidase activity of Taxus seeds increased gradually at the beginning of stratification, and then reached maximum point during stratification for 4 months in A1 and A2. The G-6-PDH and 6-PGDH joint activity was rapidly increased to reach the maximum during stratification for 4 months in A1, which showed the pentose phosphate pathway was activated at this time. The peroxidase activity rapidly increased might also be related to respiratory metabolic pathway during stratification. In plants, acid phosphatase hydrolyze PAM metabolites, namely phosphate material was related to energy metabolism, especially to high-energy phosphate, and phosphate enzyme activity changes affected the energy metabolism. The acid phosphatase activity of Taxus seeds in different treatments has no significant changes during stratification process, but there were two maximums. Energy metabolism might get benefit from the increase of acid phosphatase activity. There were significant differences in amylase activity, peroxidase activity, soluble sugar and soluble protein content with different treatments. Effect of promoting seed germination soaked by GA before stratification was obvious, but the concentration of GA should not be too high. The high concentration of GA caused seed to rot and reduce the seed germination rate. In this study, the highest germination rate of seed was 71.8% and soaked in 200 mg·L-1 gibberellin.

Effectiveness of Mind-Body Exercise on Burnout and Stress in Female Undergraduate Students

This study was to investigate the effects of mind-body exercise on burnout and perceived stress among female undergraduate students.A sample of 146 female undergraduate students took part in this study.They were assigned to mind-body exercise group(n=91)and control group(n=55).Mind-body exercise group received three 90-min sessions of Baduanjin exercise per week lasting for 12-weeks.There was no intervention in the control group.The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey was used to assess burnout level,and the 10-item perceived stress scale was used to assess stress level.Significant decreases in emotional exhaustion(p<0.001),cynicism(p<0.001)and perceived stress(p<0.001)were found in the mind-body exercise group compared with control group.Furthermore after 12-week mind-body exercise,emotional exhaustion,cynicism and perceived stress had greater reduction.Mind-body exercise(Baduanjin)may be considered an alternative strategy to reduce burnout and perceived stress in female undergraduate students.

An Optimal Double Inequality among the One-Parameter, Arithmetic and Geometric Means

In the present paper, we answer the question: for 0a what are the greatest value p(a) and the least value q(a) such that the double inequality Jp(a,b)aA(a,b)+ (1-a)G(a,b)Jq(a,b) holds for all a,b>0 with a is not equal to?b ?

An Optimal Inequality for One-Parameter Mean

In the present paper, we answer the question: for 0 what are the greatest value p(a) and the least value q(a) such that the inequality. For more information about abstract,please download the PDF file.

Insight into the microbial community of denitrification process using different solid carbon sources: Not only bacteria

There is a lack of understanding about the bacterial,fungal and archaeal communities’composition of solid-phase denitrification(SPD)systems.We investigated four SPD systems with different carbon sources by analyzing microbial gene sequences based on operational taxonomic unit(OTU)and amplicon sequence variant(ASV).The results showed that the corncob-polyvinyl alcohol sodium alginate-polycaprolactone(CPSP,0.86±0.04 mg NO_(3)^(−)-N/(g·day))and corncob(0.85±0.06 mg NO_(3)^(−)-N/(g·day))had better denitrification efficiency than polycaprolactone(PCL,0.29±0.11 mg NO_(3)^(−)-N/(g·day))and polyvinyl alcoholsodium alginate(PVA-SA,0.24±0.07 mg NO_(3)^(−)-N/(g·day)).The bacterial,fungal and archaeal microbial composition was significantly different among carbon source types such as Proteobacteria in PCL(OTU:83.72%,ASV:82.49%)and Rozellomycota in PVA-SA(OTU:71.99%,ASV:81.30%).ASV methods can read more microbial units than that of OTU and exhibit higher alpha diversity and classify some species that had not been identified by OTU such as Nanoarchaeota phylum,unclassified_f_Xanthobacteraceae genus,etc.,indicating ASV may be more conducive to understand SPD microbial communities.The co-occurring network showed some correlation between the bacteria fungi and archaea species,indicating different species may collaborate in SPD systems.Similar KEGG function prediction results were obtained in two bioinformatic methods generally and some fungi and archaea functions should not be ignored in SPD systems.These results may be beneficial for understanding microbial communities in SPD systems.

Fluid-solid coupling numerical simulation of micro-disturbance grouting treatment for excessive deformation of shield tunnel

Micro-disturbance grouting is a recovery technique to reduce the excessive deformation of operational shield tunnels in urban areas.The grout mass behaves as a fluid in the ground before hardening to form a grout–soil mixture,which highlights the necessity of using fluid–solid coupling method in the simulation of grouting process.Within a discrete element modeling environment,this paper proposes a novel fluid-solid coupling method based on the pore density flow calculation.To demonstrate the effectiveness of this method,it is applied to numerical simulation of micro-disturbance grouting process for treatment of large transverse deformation of a shield tunnel in Shanghai Metro,China.The simulation results reveal the mechanism of recovering tunnel convergence by micro-disturbance grouting in terms of compaction and fracture of soil,energy analysis during grouting,and mechanical response of soil-tunnel interaction system.Furthermore,the influence of the three main grouting parameters(i.e.,grouting pressure,grouting distance,and grouting height)on tunnel deformation recovery efficiency is evaluated through parametric analysis.In order to efficiently recover large transverse deformation of shield tunnel in Shanghai Metro,it is suggested that the grouting pressure should be about 0.55 MPa,the grouting height should be in the range of 6.2–7.0 m,and the grouting distance should be in the range of 3.0–3.6 m.The results provide a valuable reference for grouting treatment projects of over-deformed shield tunnel in soft soil areas.

Clinical management of a rare melanoma case arising from congenital melanocytic nevus

Congenital melanocytic nevi(CMNs)are skin lesions characterized by benign melanocytic proliferations and present at birth or shortly thereafter.Large and giant CMNs,with a projected adult size≥20 cm and 40 cm in diameter respectively,are more likely to develop into malignant melanoma.In most cases,melanoma arising from congenital melanocytic nevus(CMN)is particularly aggressive.