GSA-Human:人类遗传资源数据管理的公共系统

GSA-Human是人类遗传资源数据汇交、存储、管理与共享的数据库系统,可提供人类遗传资源数据的上传、下载、浏览、检索等公共服务,并有效支撑了国家重点研发计划科技项目数据的汇交与管理工作。系统具有符合《中华人民共和国人类遗传资源管理条例》数据安全管理策略,提供公开访问和受控访问相结合的数据使用模式。公开访问数据允许用户自由下载与获取;受控访问数据采用申请-审核的模式,即需要通过数据管理委员会(Data Access Committee,DAC)的授权方可获得下载和使用权限。系统自上线以来,截至2021年7月,汇集数据总量已超5.27 PB。

Study on Agricultural Intellectual Property Protection and High-Quality Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ginseng

Agricultural intellectual property has the functions of carrying forward agricultural cultural heritage,encouraging agricultural scientific and technological innovation,cultivating the brand of agricultural products and so on. The protection and application of agricultural intellectual property rights can enhance the vitality,innovation and competitiveness of agricultural economy,and promote the strategy of high-quality agricultural development and rural revitalization. Ginseng is a traditional medicinal variety with superior characteristics in Northeast China,and it is one of the most famous " three treasures" in Northeast China. This paper introduces ginseng( Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.) and its medicinal value,analyzes the traditional knowledge,biological genetic resources,new plant varieties,patents,geographical indications,trademarks and other agricultural intellectual property resources of ginseng,studies the traditional Chinese medicine GAP certification and certification of " Three Agricultural Products" and the construction of the dominant area of agricultural product( Fusong ginseng) with Chinese characteristics,and explores the rural revitalization strategy and traditional Chinese medicine development strategy,ginseng agricultural intellectual property protection and high quality development strategy.

Intellectual Property Protection and High Quality Development of Radix Glycyrrhizae for Treatment of COVID-19

Radix Glycyrrhizae is the dominant native medicinal material variety in the north and northwestern medicinal materials producing areas.It is a main Chinese medicine of effective TCM drugs and formulas for the treatment of new coronavirus disease(COVID-19).This paper introduces the medicinal value of Radix Glycyrrhizae,involving the labeling,cultural heritage,and creative intellectual property rights of the Chinese medicinal materials,analyzes the poverty-stricken areas that are ecologically suitable for Radix Glycyrrhizae cultivation,and the superior counties and production bases of the Chinese medicinal materials.Besides,mainly from the aspects of perfect intellectual property rights,the establishment of authentic medicinal material production bases,and the construction of quality control systems,etc.,it discusses the rural revitalization strategy and the development strategy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),agricultural intellectual property protection and high-quality development strategy of Radix Glycyrrhizae.

Study on the Inheritance,Innovation and Development of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in the Treatment of COVID-19

The discovery of highly effective medicine"Qingfei Paidu Decoction"for COVID-19 is a new era gift of traditional Chinese medicine to the world.The traditional Chinese medicine Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,as a medicinal plant in the family of Labiatae,is the dominant variety of genuine medicinal material in North China.It is the leading traditional Chinese medicine in the advantageous area of agricultural products with Chinese characteristics in Shangdang of Changzhi City,and it is one of the 21 herbal medicines in the new national prescription"Qingfei Paidu Decoction"for the rapid and effective treatment of COVID-19.This paper introduces S.baicalensis Georgi and its traditional Chinese medicine GAP base,ecologically suitable planting county and medicinal value in poor areas,and studies the intellectual property resources related to S.baicalensis Georgi,such as traditional knowledge,biological genetic resources,patents,new plant varieties,geographical indications,and trademarks.This paper mainly discusses the inheritance essence,innovation and high-quality development strategy of S.baicalensis Georgi under the rural revitalization strategy and traditional Chinese medicine development strategy from the aspects of intellectual property rights,important agricultural cultural heritage,advantageous areas of characteristic agricultural products and so on.

Protection of Intellectual Property and Authenticity of Chinese Herbal Medicine Chrysanthemum morifolium

This paper first introduced Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. and its medicinal value. Then, it studied agricultural intellectual property resources such as geographical indications, trademarks, patents, new plant varieties, biological genetic resources, and traditional knowledge related to C. morifolium . Finally, it summarized poverty-stricken areas ecologically suitable for planting C. morifolium , analyzed the GAP certification of C. morifolium , pollution-free agricultural product certification, green food certification, and organic food certification, and discussed the strategies for C. morifolium intellectual property protection and authenticity protection in the context of TCM development strategy and rural revitalization strategy.

Study of the Law about Water-Cut Variation for the Fractured Metamorphic Reservoir of Buried Hill with Bottom Water

Aiming at the complex flowing environment including the buried hill of Metamorphite, the active bottom water and the fracture at Budate Reservoir within Beir Depression of the Hailar Basin, combining the laboratory studies and based on analysis of its drive mechanism, field wells’ parameters were used to analyze the effects of different conditions of the fractured metamorphic reservoir with bottom water on its law of wa-ter-cut variation and the waterflooding efficiency. The results show that for the Budate buried hill reservoir with bottom water, the gravity should be taken into consideration to determine reasonable perforation ratio and production pressure difference. And because of the acid sensitivity of the buried hill reservoir, application of proper clay stabilizer will enhance the field oil recovery to a satisfactory extent.

The Genome Sequence Archive Family: Toward Explosive Data Growth and Diverse Data Types

The Genome Sequence Archive(GSA)is a data repository for archiving raw sequence data,which provides data storage and sharing services for worldwide scientific communities.Considering explosive data growth with diverse data types,here we present the GSA family by expanding into a set of resources for raw data archive with different purposes,namely,GSA(https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/gsa/),GSA for Human(GSA-Human,https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/gsa-human/),and Open Archive for Miscellaneous Data(OMIX,https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/omix/).Compared with the 2017 version,GSA has been significantly updated in data model,online functionalities,and web interfaces.GSA-Human,as a new partner of GSA,is a data repository specialized in human genetics-related data with controlled access and security.OMIX,as a critical complement to the two resources mentioned above,is an open archive for miscellaneous data.Together,all these resources form a family of resources dedicated to archiving explosive data with diverse types,accepting data submissions from all over the world,and providing free open access to all publicly available data in support of worldwide research activities.

Effects of third-order dispersion on temporal soliton compression in dispersion-engineered silicon photonic crystal waveguides

High-order temporal soliton compression in dispersion-engineered silicon photonic crystal waveguides will play an important role in future integrated photonic circuits compatible with complementary metal–oxide–semiconductors.Here,we report the physical mechanisms of high-order temporal soliton compression affected by third-order dispersion(TOD)combined with free carrier dispersion(FCD)in a dispersion engineered silicon photonic crystal waveguide with wideband low anomalous dispersion.Through numerical temporal soliton evolution analysis,we report what we believe is the first demonstration of the dual opposite effects of TOD on temporal soliton compression,which are strengthening or weakening through two different physical mechanisms,not only depending on the sign of TOD but also the relative magnitude of TOD-induced equivalent group velocity dispersion(GVD)β2,equto the original GVDβ2.We further find that FCD counteracts the effects of negative TOD on the soliton compression,while it reinforces the effects of positive TOD on the soliton compression.These results will help to design suitable dispersion-engineered silicon waveguides for superior on-chip temporal pulse compression in optical communications and processing application fields.

Quantifying public health benefits of environmental strategy of PM2.5 air quality management in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region,China

In 2013,China issued ＂Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan（Action Plan）＂ to improve air quality.To assess the benefits of this program in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei（BTH）region,where the density of population and emissions vary greatly,we simulated the air quality benefit based on Ben MAP to satisfy the Action Plan.In this study,we estimate PM_（2.5） concentration using Voronoi spatial interpolation method on a grid with a spatial resolution of 1 × 1 km^2.Combined with the exposure-response function between PM_（2.5） concentration and health endpoints,health effects of PM_（2.5） exposure are analyzed.The economic loss is assessed by using the willingness to pay（WTP） method and human capital（HC） method.When the PM_（2.5） concentration falls by 25% in BTH and reached 60 μg/m^3 in Beijing,the avoiding deaths will be in the range of 3175 to 14051 based on different functions each year.Of the estimated mortality attributable to all causes,3117 annual deaths were due to lung cancer,1924 – 6318 annual deaths were due to cardiovascular,and343 – 1697 annual deaths were due to respiratory.Based on WTP,the estimated monetary values for the avoided cases of all cause mortality,cardiovascular mortality,respiratory mortality and lung cancer ranged from 1110 to 29632,673 to 13325,120 to 3579,1091 to 6574 million yuan,respectively.Based on HC,the corresponding values for the avoided cases of these four mortalities were 267 to 1178,161 to 529,29 to 143 and 261 million yuan,respectively.

Zircon Record of Ocean-Continent Subduction Transition Process of Dulan UHPM Belt, North Qaidam

The North Qaidam UHPM（ultra-high pressure metamorphism） belt is a typical continental subduction-collision belt containing continental crust deep subduction metamorphic products and oceanic crust relics, And it is an ideal region to study the ocean-continent transition and exhumation mechanism of oceanic UHP rocks during continental deep subduction process. In this paper, we report integrated in situ U-Pb, Lu-Hf and O isotope analyses of zircons from a serpentinized harzburgite as well as U-Pb dating for zircons from a kyanite eclogite from the North Qaidam Dulan UHPM terrane, and use these data to discuss the ocean-continent transition and exhumation mechanisms of oceanic UHP rocks during continental deep subduction. The serpentinized harzburgite was dated at 448±9 Ma, consistent with 455±5 Ma age for the kyanite eclogite within analytical errors. Zircons from the serpentinized harzburgite have uniform 176Hf/177 Hf values ranging from 0.282 842 to 0.282 883 and εHf（t） values from 11.6 to 13.3. Zircon δ^18O values of the serpentinized harzburgite vary from 4.47‰ to 5.29‰, slightly lower than the value of 5.3‰±0.6‰ for the normal mantle zircon. These Hf-O isotopic features indicate that the protolith of the serpentinized harzburgite was derived from depleted-mantle source, and might have experienced high-temperature rock-water interaction. Therefore, the serpentinized harzburgite was possibly located in the lower part of an oceanic section. The serpentinized harzburgite and kyanite eclogite were both formed due to the subduction of oceanic crust. The UHP metamorphism occurred successively from the oceanic crust to continental crust rocks of the North Qaidam UHP terrane. Low-density serpentinized peridotite and continental rocks possibly have negative buoyancy and play a key effect on preservation and exhumation of high-density oceanic eclogite.

Estimating PM_(2.5) concentrations in a central region of China usinga three-stage model

Owing to uneven environmental monitoring site distribution,there are significant spatial data gaps for concentrations of ambientfine particles with diameters≤2.5µm(PM_(2.5))obtained using traditional monitoring methods.Satellite products are an alternative data source for locations where monitoring sites are unavailable.The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)aerosol optical depth(AOD)product has been widely used in PM_(2.5) assessment for years;however,it has obvious data gaps in winter.Here,the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite(VIIRS)AOD was applied to supplement MODIS AOD data to obtain a fused AOD dataset.A three-stage model consisting of a corrected AOD model,mixed effects model,and geographically weighted regression model was developed and used with meteorological and vegetation factors to estimate PM_(2.5).Results showed overall modelfitting by cross-validation(CV)with an R^(2) of 0.92,mean absolute error of 5.72μg/m^(3),and root mean square error of 7.15μg/m^(3).The combination of MODIS AOD and VIIRS AOD was a suitable method for enhancing AOD coverage.The CV R^(2) value of the three-stage model(0.92)was higher than that of the two-stage model(0.9).Hence,the three-stage model could achieve a betterfit in estimating PM_(2.5) on a regional scale.

OBIA:An Open Biomedical Imaging Archive

With the development of artificial intelligence(AI)technologies,biomedical imaging data play an important role in scientific research and clinical application,but the available resources are limited.Here we present Open Biomedical Imaging Archive(OBIA),a repository for archiving biomedical imaging and related clinical data.OBIA adopts five data objects(Collection,Individual,Study,Series,and Image)for data organization,and accepts the submission of biomedical images of multiple modalities,organs,and diseases.In order to protect personal privacy,OBIA has formulated a unified de-identification and quality control process.In addition,OBIA provides friendly and intuitive web interfaces for data submission,browsing,and retrieval,as well as image retrieval.As of September 2023,OBIA has housed data for a total of 937 individuals,4136 studies,24,701 series,and 1,938,309 images covering 9 modalities and 30 anatomical sites.Collectively,OBIA provides a reliable platform for biomedical imaging data management and offers free open access to all publicly available data to support research activities throughout the world.OBIA can be accessed at https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/obia.

Direct Radiative Effects of Dust Aerosols over Northwest China Revealed by Satellite-Derived Aerosol Three-Dimensional Distribution

Northwest China is recognized as a main source and a major transport channel of dust aerosols in East Asia.With a fragile ecological environment,this region is quite sensitive to global climate change.Based on the satellite-derived aerosol three-dimensional distribution,the direct radiative effects of dust aerosols over Northwest China are evaluated.Aerosols over Northwest China are mainly distributed in the Tarim Basin,Junggar Basin,Gobi Desert,and Loess Plateau.The aerosol extinction coefficients are greater than 0.36 km-1 over the Tarim Basin and 0.16 km^(-1) over the Gobi Desert and Loess Plateau,decreasing with height.Aerosols over Northwest China are mainly composed of pure dust and polluted dust.These dust aerosols can modify the horizontal temperature gradient,vertical thermodynamic structure,and diurnal temperature range by absorbing and scattering shortwave radiation and emitting longwave radiation.For the column atmosphere,the radiative effect of dust aerosols shows heating effect of approximately 0.3 K day^(-1) during the daytime and cooling effect of approximately-0.4 K day^(-1) at night.In the vertical direction,dust aerosols can heat up the lower atmosphere(0.5–1.5 K day^(-1))and cool down the upper atmosphere(about-1.0 K day^(-1))during the daytime,while they cool down the lower atmosphere(-3 to-1.5 K day^(-1))and heat up the upper atmosphere(1–1.5 K day^(-1))at night.There are also significant lateral and vertical variations in the dust radiative effects corresponding to their spatial distributions.This study provides some scientific basis for reducing uncertainty in the investigation of aerosol radiative effects and provides observation evidence for simulation studies.

Transformati on al leadership and employee voice: an affective perspective

This study aims to examine the effect of transformational leadership on employee voice behavior. Specifically, this study investigates the mediating role of positive affect in linking sformational leadership with voice and the moderating role of over-qualification in influencing the mediation of positive affect. In particular, a twowave survey was con ducted. A sample of 271 participa nts complete a questionnaire measuring tran sformati on al leadership, positive affect and various demographic variables in the first wave. Then, they complete a second questionnaire measuring perceived over-qualification and voice behavior 2 weeks later. We conduct a series of multiple regression analyses to test the model. The results show that positive affect partially mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and employee voice behavior. Over-qualification moderated the relationship between positive affect and voice. In addition, moderated mediation analyses reveal that positive affect mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and voice only for highly over-qualified employees. This study investigates a new method linking transformational leadership and voice from an affective perspective by finding the mediating effect of positive affect. We also verify the role of "energized to" process in shaping proactive behaviors. Finally, this study examines the boundary conditions of the effect of positive affect on voice.

MAFLD was more easily diagnosed than NAFLD in liver transplant recipients with abnormal liver function

Background and aims:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is hepatic steatosis that is require the exclusion of certain etiologies,including drug usage or alcoholic consumption.Conversely,metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)needs not to.In this study,we aimed to examine whether MAFLD is more easily diagnosed than NAFLD in liver transplant(LT)recipients with abnormal liver function.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,LT recipients with abnormal liver function were investigated for the prevalence of MAFLD and NAFLD.Results:We recruited 57 LT recipients with abnormal liver function at a referral hospital.Among these patients,the prevalence of MAFLD and NAFLD was 37.8%and 11.1%,respectively.17 patients showed hepatic steatosis,with an average NAFLD activity score of 3.5 and a fibrosis score of 1.0.Compared with non-MAFLD patients,MAFLD patients had a significant difference in fasting blood glucose levels(p?0.009).Among 17 MAFLD patients,12 were overweight and four were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus.The majority of MAFLD diagnoses were based on body mass index(70.6%)and diabetes mellitus history(23.5%),biomarkers that are easily obtained.At 6,12,24,and 36 months after LT,MAFLD patients had higher levels of fasting blood glucose(6 months:p?0.004,12 months:p?0.038)and higher trend of body mass index value and plasma triglyceride level but no significance.Conclusions:MAFLD was more easily diagnosed in LT recipients with abnormal liver function and higher in prevalence than NAFLD.A larger sample size research is required to validate these conclusions.