Strengthened Dominance Relation NSGA-Ⅲ Algorithm Based on Differential Evolution to Solve Job Shop Scheduling Problem

The job shop scheduling problem is a classical combinatorial optimization challenge frequently encountered in manufacturing systems.It involves determining the optimal execution sequences for a set of jobs on various machines to maximize production efficiency and meet multiple objectives.The Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅲ(NSGA-Ⅲ)is an effective approach for solving the multi-objective job shop scheduling problem.Nevertheless,it has some limitations in solving scheduling problems,including inadequate global search capability,susceptibility to premature convergence,and challenges in balancing convergence and diversity.To enhance its performance,this paper introduces a strengthened dominance relation NSGA-Ⅲ algorithm based on differential evolution(NSGA-Ⅲ-SD).By incorporating constrained differential evolution and simulated binary crossover genetic operators,this algorithm effectively improves NSGA-Ⅲ’s global search capability while mitigating pre-mature convergence issues.Furthermore,it introduces a reinforced dominance relation to address the trade-off between convergence and diversity in NSGA-Ⅲ.Additionally,effective encoding and decoding methods for discrete job shop scheduling are proposed,which can improve the overall performance of the algorithm without complex computation.To validate the algorithm’s effectiveness,NSGA-Ⅲ-SD is extensively compared with other advanced multi-objective optimization algorithms using 20 job shop scheduling test instances.The experimental results demonstrate that NSGA-Ⅲ-SD achieves better solution quality and diversity,proving its effectiveness in solving the multi-objective job shop scheduling problem.

The Preliminary Study on Screening and Application of Phthalic Acid-Degrading Bacteria

Phthalic acid is a main pollutant, which is also an important reason for the continuous cropping effect of tobacco. In order to degrade the phthalic acid accumulated in the environment and relieve the obstacle effect of tobacco continuous cropping caused by the accumulation of phthalic acid in the soil. In this study, phthalate degrading bacteria B3 is screened from continuous cropping tobacco soil. The results of biochemical identification and 16sDNA comparison show that the homology between degrading bacterium B3 and Enterobacter sp. is 99%. At the same time, the growth of Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. B3 and the degradation of phthalic acid under different environmental conditions are studied. The results show that the environment with a temperature of 30˚C, PH of 7, and inoculation amount of not less than 1.2%, which is the optimal growth conditions for Enterobacter sp. B3. In an environment with a concentration of phthalic acid not exceeding 500 mg/L, Enterobacter sp. B3 has a better effect on phthalic acid degradation, and the degradation rate can reach 77% in 7 d. The results of indoor potting experiments on tobacco show that the degradation rate of phthalic acid by Enterobacter B3 in the soil is about 45%, which can reduce the inhibitory effect of phthalic acid on the growth of tobacco seedlings. This study enriches the microbial resources for degrading phthalic acid and provides a theoretical basis for alleviating tobacco continuous cropping obstacles.

Advances in Research on Synthetic Microbial Communities

The synthetic microbial community is a synthetic microbial system co-cultured with multiple species, which has the characteristics of clear composition and strong controllability. Compared with a single colony, it can achieve more complex functions and adapt to the changing environment more easily, so as to meet a wide range of needs. In this paper, the contents and concepts of microbial community and synthetic microbial community are briefly introduced, the principles that should be followed in the construction of microbial community are expounded, the methods and mathematical models used in the construction of synthetic microbial community are introduced, and the applications of synthetic microbial community in various fields are summarized. Finally, the challenges in the research of synthetic microbial communities are briefly described.

A Generic Strategy to Create Mechanically Interlocked Nanocomposite/Hydrogel Hybrid Electrodes for Epidermal Electronics

Stretchable electronics are crucial enablers for next-generation wearables intimately integrated into the human body.As the primary compliant conductors used in these devices,metallic nanostructure/elastomer composites often struggle to form conformal contact with the textured skin.Hybrid electrodes have been consequently developed based on conductive nanocomposite and soft hydrogels to establish seamless skin-device interfaces.However,chemical modifications are typically needed for reliable bonding,which can alter their original properties.To overcome this limitation,this study presents a facile fabrication approach for mechanically interlocked nanocomposite/hydrogel hybrid electrodes.In this physical process,soft microfoams are thermally laminated on silver nanowire nanocomposites as a porous interface,which forms an interpenetrating network with the hydrogel.The microfoam-enabled bonding strategy is generally compatible with various polymers.The resulting interlocked hybrids have a 28-fold improved interfacial toughness compared to directly stacked hybrids.These electrodes achieve firm attachment to the skin and low contact impedance using tissue-adhesive hydrogels.They have been successfully integrated into an epidermal sleeve to distinguish hand gestures by sensing mus-cle contractions.Interlocked nanocomposite/hydrogel hybrids reported here offer a promising platform to combine the benefits of both materials for epidermal devices and systems.

COVID-19 exacerbates psoriasis progression through inducing IFN-αexpression

As a global public health issue that can cause systemic diseases,COVID-19 inflicts various harms on patients and impacts those with comorbidities.Psoriasis is primarily driven by a subset of T helper cells and the cytokines[1],and microbial infection is a predisposing factor in up to 45%of patients[2].Infection with SARS-CoV-2 may trigger the aggravation of psoriasis.Thus,we conducted a survey to explore the proportion of psoriasis patients who experienced exacerbation and relapse after SARS-CoV-2 infection and also performed a preliminary investigation into the mechanisms involved.One hundred and twenty-four psoriasis patients(79 males and 45 females)who contracted COVID-19 were followed up and provided detailed information.

财政透明促进预算公开中的公众参与了吗?——基于2013—2020年90个城市的分析

预算公开的目的是让政府能够被看见,促使政府向公众负责任。但这个逻辑的成立不仅依靠政府主动公开预算信息,更需要公众广泛参与其中,主动查阅预算信息。而近年来,关于我国线上预算公开的公众参与情况的研究较为缺乏,也没有分析我国努力提升的财政透明度对公众参与产生的实际影响。基于此,论文搜集了2013—2020年90个城市预算公开中公众参与度和财政透明度的数据,开展了面板数据模型分析,发现预算公开中的公众参与度较低,存在着共同代理困境。财政透明度能够在一定程度上显著地提高公众参与度,政务微信公众号中的预算教育也发挥了重要的促进作用。为了进一步提高预算公开中的公众参与度,构建“预算公开—公众参与—政府回应”的问责机制,建议拓展预算公开途径,站在公众角度整理预算信息,畅通反馈途径。

Clinicopathologic features and treatment efficacy of Chinese patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer: a retrospective observational study

Background: The prognostic role of the V600 E mutation of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1(BRAF)in metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC) is well established, but the therapeutic regimen targeting this disease is lacking. This study aimed to analyze the clinicopathologic features of and treatment efficacy of commonly used regimens on BRAF-mutated mCRCs.Methods: We collected and reviewed the medical records of mCRC patients treated at Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute(Beijing, China) between July 2011 and July 2016. Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS),neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog(NRAS), and BRAF mutational status was assayed using direct sequencing. The details of clinicopathologic characteristics of patients and their responses to FOLFOXIRI regimen or standard therapy were obtained by reviewing the medical records. The progression-free survival(PFS) and overall survival(OS)were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared using the log-rank test.Results: Of 1694 patients studied, 75 had BRAF exon 15 mutations. Of these 75 patients, 71 had V600 E mutation, 1 had D594 G mutation, 2 had K601 E mutation, and 1 had a novel T599_V600 insAGA alteration. No patients had KRAS or NRAS mutations. Of 63 patients with BRAFV600 E-mutated mCRC and sufficient clinical data, 27(42.9%) had right-sided colon tumors, 19(30.2%) had left-sided colon tumors, and 17(26.9%) had rectal tumors; 26(41.3%) had peritoneal metastases, and 50(79.4%) had distant lymph node metastases.The patients with BRAF K601 E-and T599_V600 insAGA-mutated tumors had similar clinicopathologic features to those with BRAFV600 E-mutated tumors. Patients with the BRAFV600 E mutation benefited more from FOLFOXIRI regimen compared with patients who underwent standard therapy(overall response rate 83.3% vs. 14.0%; median PFS 6.4 months vs. 2.8 months, P = 0.220; median OS11.0 months vs. 6.9 months, P = 0.048).Conclusions: BRAFV600 E mutations were commonly identified in right-sided tumors and showed a high incidence of peritoneal and distant lymph nodes metastases.This subtype of mCRC was characterized by short OS and unique patterns of metastasis. Compared with standard treatment regimens, the FOLFOXIRI regimen had acceptable and manageable toxicities and favorable efficacy on patients with BRAF-mutated mCRC.

Prediction of Web Services Reliability Based on Decision Tree Classification Method

With the development of the service-oriented computing(SOC),web service has an important and popular solution for the design of the application system to various enterprises.Nowadays,the numerous web services are provided by the service providers on the network,it becomes difficult for users to select the best reliable one from a large number of services with the same function.So it is necessary to design feasible selection strategies to provide users with the reliable services.Most existing methods attempt to select services according to accurate predictions for the quality of service(QoS)values.However,because the network and user needs are dynamic,it is almost impossible to accurately predict the QoS values.Furthermore,accurate prediction is generally time-consuming.This paper proposes a service decision tree based post-pruning prediction approach.This paper first defines the five reliability levels for measuring the reliability of services.By analyzing the quality data of service from the network,the proposed method can generate the training set and convert them into the service decision tree model.Using the generated model and the given predicted services,the proposed method classifies the service to the corresponding reliability level after discretizing the continuous attribute of service.Moreover,this paper applies the post-pruning strategy to optimize the generated model for avoiding the over-fitting.Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective in predicting the service reliability.

Visualized SERS Imaging of Single Molecule by Ag/ Black Phosphorus Nanosheets

Single-molecule detection and imaging are of great value in chemical analysis,biomarker identification and other trace detection fields.However,the localization and visualization of single molecule are still quite a challenge.Here,we report a special-engineered nanostructure of Ag nanoparticles embedded in multi-layer black phosphorus nanosheets(Ag/BP-NS)synthesized by a unique photoreduction method as a surfaceenhanced Raman scattering(SERS)sensor.Such a SERS substrate features the lowest detection limit of 10^(–20) mol L^(−1) for R6G,which is due to the three synergistic resonance enhancement of molecular resonance,photoinduced charge transfer resonance and electromagnetic resonance.We propose a polarization-mapping strategy to realize the detection and visualization of single molecule.In addition,combined with machine learning,Ag/BP-NS substrates are capable of recognition of different tumor exosomes,which is meaningful for monitoring and early warning of the cancer.This work provides a reliable strategy for the detection of single molecule and a potential candidate for the practical bio-application of SERS technology.

STRONG COMPARISON PRINCIPLES FOR SOME NONLINEAR DEGENERATE ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS

In this paper, we obtain the strong comparison principle and Hopf Lemma for locally Lipschitz viscosity solutions to a class of nonlinear degenerate elliptic operators of the form △2ψ ＋ L（x,△ ψ）, including the conformal hessian operator.

Proteome-wide screening for the analysis of protein targeting of Chlamydia pneumoniae in endoplasmic reticulum of host cells and their possible implication in lung cancer development

Available reports have confirmed a link between bacterial infection and the progression of different types of cancers,including colon,lungs,and prostate cancer.Here we report the Chlamydia pneumonia proteins targeting in endoplasmic reticulum(ER)using in-silico approaches and their possible role in lung cancer etiology.We predicted 48 proteins that target human ER,which may be associated with protein folding and protein-protein interactions during infection.The results showed C.pneumoniae proteins targeting human ER and their implications in lung cancer growth.These targeted proteins may be involved in competitive interactions between host and bacterial proteins,which may change the usual pathway functions and trigger the development of lung cancer.Moreover,C.pneumoniae unfolded protein accumulation in the human ER possibly induces ER stress,consequently activating the unfolded protein response(UPR),and providing a favorable microenvironment for cancer growth.The current study showed the C.pneumoniae protein targeting in ER of host cell and their implication in lung cancer growth.These results may help researchers better manage lung cancer and establish a molecular mechanism for C.pneumoniae lung cancer association.

ISSR Markers as a Tool for Assessing Genetic Diversity in the Chinese Alligator (Alligator sinensis)

Eight different inter simple sequence repeat(ISSR) markers were used as tools to investigate genetic variability and population differentiation in the Chinese alligator,Alligator sinensis,in this study. Eleven polymorphic bands(17.2%) out of a total of 64 were generated from 110 individuals in three populations. Analysis of molecular variation showed that most of the genetic variation(98.0%) occurred within the populations. Dendrogram relationship based on Nei’s unbiased genetic diversity illustrated that two breeding populations were genetically closely related. The Nm value of the study was 4.520,suggesting that high levels of gene flow existed and no differentiation appeared in the populations. In a reconstructed Neighbor-Joining tree,the haplotypes coming from the same populations did not gather as a class,suggesting the three populations had no apparent geographic pattern. This study shows that ISSR markers could be well applied as a feasible tool to assess genetic diversity in Chinese alligator individuals.

Influence of Heavy Metals on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth in <i>Eruca sativa</i>Mill.

Heavy metals present in soil and water naturally or as contaminants from human activities can cause bioaccumulation affecting the entire ecosystem and pose harmful health consequences in all life forms. Some famous non-food hyperaccumulators such as Thlaspi caerulescens, Sedum alfredii, Pteris vittata, Arabidopsis halleri and Athyrium yokoscense are of very little economic value, making it difficult for them to be used for phytoremediation. In this paper, the influence of heavy metals Cu, Ni, Zn, Hg, Cr, Pb and Cd on seed germination and early seedling growth in oil crop Eruca sativa was evaluated under laboratory conditions. Our results indicated that among the 7 heavy metals tested, only Ni at higher concentrations (1 mM and above) significantly decreased the Eruca seed germination in a dose-dependent manner. All heavy metals except Zn and Ni decreased the root length first, then the shoot length or the fresh seedling weight, and seed germination was always the last to be influenced. With Ni, the root length, shoot length and fresh seedling weight were stimulated when Ni concentrations were under 1 mM;with Zn, the root length, shoot length and fresh seedling weight were increased by all concentrations tested (0.20 - 5.0 mM). Our results indicated that Eruca is tolerant or moderately tolerant to Cu, Hg, Cr, and Cd and highly tolerant to Pb, Ni and Zn, and can be developed as an industrial oil crop for phytoremediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals.

Solutions with Dead Cores for a Parabolic P-Laplacian Equation

We study the solutions with dead cores and the decay estimates for a parabolic p-Laplacian equation with absorption by sub- and supersolution method. Special attention is given to the case where the solution of the steady-state problem vanishes in an interior region.

The Impact Compression Behaviors of Silica Nanoparticles—Epoxy Composites

The compressive properties of epoxy with different silica nanoparticles (SiO2 nanoparticles) contents at quasi-static and high strain rates loading were investigated via experiment. This article evaluates the compressive failure behaviors and modes at different SiO2 nanoparticles contents and different strain rates. The results indicated that the stress strain curves were sensitive to strain rate, and the compressive failure stress of composites with various SiO2 nanoparticles contents increased with the strain rates, and it increased along with SiO2 nanoparticles contents and then declined. The compressive failure stress and the compressive failure modes of the composites were apparently different from the change of SiO2 nanoparticles contents.

Non-transcriptional regulatory activity of SMAX1 and SMXL2 mediates karrikin-regulated seedling response to red light in Arabidopsis

Karrikins and strigolactones govern plant development and environmental responses through closely related signaling pathways.The transcriptional repressor proteins SUPPRESSOR OF MAX21(SMAX1),SMAX1-like2(SMXL2),and D53-like SMXLs mediate karrikin and strigolactone signaling by directly binding downstream genes or byinhibiting the activities of transcription factors.In this study,we characterized the non-transcriptional regulatory activities of SMXL proteins in Arabidopsis.We discovered that SMAX1 and SMXL2 with mutations in their ethylene-responsefactor-associated amphiphilic repression(EAR)motif had undetectable or weak transcriptional repression activities but still partially rescued the hypocotyl elongation defects and fully reversed the cotyledon epinasty defects of the smax1 smxl2 mutant.SMAX1 and SMXL2 directly interact with PHYTOCHROME INTERACTION FACTOR4(PIF4)and PIF5 to enhance their protein stability by interacting with phytochrome B(phyB)and suppressing the association of phyB with PIF4 and PIF5.The karrikin-responsive genes were then identified by treatment with GR24ent-ssa,GR24 analog showing karrikin activity.Interestingly,INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 29(IAA29)expression was repressed by GR24^(ent-5D)streatment in a PIF4-and PIF5-dependent and EARindependent manner,whereas KARRIKIN UPREGULATED F-BOX 1(KUF1)expression was induced in a PIF4-and PIF5-independent and EAR-dependent manner.Furthermore,the non-transcriptional regulatory activity of SMAX1,which is independent of the EAR motif,had a global effect on gene expression.Taken together,these results indicate that non-transcriptional regulatory activities of SMAX1 and SMXL2 mediate karrikin-regulated seedling response to red light.

MOF-templated tubular Ni_(1−x)Co_(x)S_(2)-CdS heterojunction with intensified direct Z-scheme charge transmission for highly promoted visible-light photocatalysis

Hollow semiconductor nanostructures with direct Z-scheme heterojunction have significant advantages for photocatalytic reactions,and optimizing the interfacial charge transmission of Z-scheme heterojunction is the hinge to achieve excellent solar conversion efficiency.In this work,tubular Ni_(1−x)Co_(x)S_(2)-CdS heterostructures with reinforced Z-scheme charge transmission were constructed through an In-metal-organic framework(MOF)templated strategy.The Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism was sufficiently confirmed by combining density functional theory(DFT)calculation,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),surface photovoltage spectroscopy(SPV),and radical testing results.Crucially,the use of sodium citrate complexant contributes to the formation of intimate heterointerface,and the Fermi level gap between CdS and NiS_(2)is enlarged through Co doping into NiS_(2),which enhances the built-in electric field and photo-carriers transmission driving force for Ni_(1−x)Co_(x)S_(2)-CdS heterojunction,resulting in an evidently promoted activity toward H2 evolution reaction(HER).Under visible-light(λ>400 nm)irradiation,the Ni_(1−x)Co_(x)S_(2)-CdS composite with 10 mol%Co doping and 80 wt.%CdS(NC_(0.10)S-80%CdS)achieved an outstanding HER rate up to 35.94 mmol·g^(−1)·h^(−1)(corresponding to the apparent quantum efficiency of 34.7%at 420 nm),approximately 76.4 times that of 3 wt.%Pt-loaded CdS and it is much superior to that of most CdS-based photocatalysts ever reported.Moreover,the good photocatalytic durability of Ni_(1−x)Co_(x)S_(2)-CdS heterostructures was validated by cycling and long-term HER tests.This work could inspire the development of high-performance Z-scheme heterojunction via optimizing the morphology and interfacial charge transmission.

Integrated Biological Control of Tobacco Bacterial Wilt (<i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>) and Its Effect on Rhizosphere Microbial Community

Biological control agents and soil amendments have been applied to control tobacco bacterial wilt, but the mechanism is not well-known. In the present study, a field experiment was performed to investigate the soil physicochemical properties, disease index (DI) and disease incidence of tobacco bacterial wilt, and rhizosphere microbial community. The results show that the control efficacy of single application of antagonistic bacteria and calcium cyanamide was 46.43% and 51.92%, respectively. While the combined control efficacy of antagonistic bacteria and calcium cyanamide was 65.79%. Besides, the combined application of antagonistic bacteria and calcium cyanamide could increase soil pH, total N alkaline N, and exchangeable Ca, which were negatively associated with the microbial diversity, soil-borne pathogenic microorganisms, and incidence of tobacco bacterial wilt. Additionally, the combination of antagonistic bacteria and calcium cyanamide can improve the proportion of some antagonistic microbial species, and these antagonistic microbial species were inversely associated with the DI of tobacco bacterial wilt. In conclusion: The integrated measure may influence soil microbial communities through enhancing soil physicochemical properties and rebuild healthy soil microbial community structure to mitigate tobacco bacterial wilt. The current study presented valuable insights into the mechanisms enhancing soil health in the integrated measure.

二代测序在家族遗传性高危胃肠肿瘤筛查中的应用

目的:探索二代测序技术对家族遗传性高危胃肠肿瘤患者进行遗传筛查的意义及高危因素在筛选患者中的价值。方法:选取2016年3月至2016年4月收治于北京大学肿瘤医院的322例结直肠癌及胃癌患者,筛选出25例遗传性胃肠肿瘤高危患者,运用二代测序技术对患者的外周血白细胞DNA进行42个遗传性肿瘤综合征相关基因的胚系检测。结果:24%(6/25)患者检测出遗传性肿瘤相关基因的病理性胚系突变,其中50%(3/6)患者肿瘤组织的免疫组织化学检测表现为错配修复蛋白表达缺失,83%(5/6)患者发病年龄≤50岁且具有恶性肿瘤家族史。发生胚系突变的6例遗传性肿瘤相关基因分别为MYH基因错义突变1例,APC基因缺失突变1例和遗传性非息肉病性结直肠癌(hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer,HNPCC)相关基因的突变4例(包括MLH1、MLH3、TGFBR2的错义突变和MSH6的无义突变各1例),且提供了MLH3的胚系致病突变的家系验证。结论:通过二代测序技术对本研究入组的25例患者进行家族遗传性肿瘤综合征的筛查,检测出遗传性肿瘤相关基因的胚系致病突变6例,提示运用二代测序技术对家族遗传性高危消化道肿瘤患者进行遗传筛查具有提高检测阳性率的临床应用价值。

教师掌握幼儿数学领域核心经验的现状与促进策略

数学核心经验是幼儿进行数学学习所需的基础性关键概念和能力,教师对这些核心经验的认识与掌握程度决定了教师支持幼儿数学思维和能力发展的质量。对当前我国幼儿园教师掌握数学领域核心经验的现状进行调查可知教师的掌握水平较低,受幼儿园性质、教师教龄、年龄、学历、职称等因素的影响较大,应从改善教师工作环境、强化教师培训、建构教师专业发展长效机制等方面入手,提升教师对数学领域核心经验的掌握水平。