Gelatin-Based Metamaterial Hydrogel Films with High Conformality for Ultra-Soft Tissue Monitoring

Implantable hydrogel-based bioelectronics(IHB)can precisely monitor human health and diagnose diseases.However,achieving biodegradability,biocompatibility,and high conformality with soft tissues poses significant challenges for IHB.Gelatin is the most suitable candidate for IHB since it is a collagen hydrolysate and a substantial part of the extracellular matrix found naturally in most tissues.This study used 3D printing ultrafine fiber networks with metamaterial design to embed into ultra-low elastic modulus hydrogel to create a novel gelatin-based conductive film(GCF)with mechanical programmability.The regulation of GCF nearly covers soft tissue mechanics,an elastic modulus from 20 to 420 kPa,and a Poisson’s ratio from-0.25 to 0.52.The negative Poisson’s ratio promotes conformality with soft tissues to improve the efficiency of biological interfaces.The GCF can monitor heartbeat signals and respiratory rate by determining cardiac deformation due to its high conformability.Notably,the gelatin characteristics of the biodegradable GCF enable the sensor to monitor and support tissue restoration.The GCF metamaterial design offers a unique idea for bioelectronics to develop implantable sensors that integrate monitoring and tissue repair and a customized method for endowing implanted sensors to be highly conformal with soft tissues.

V-MOF-derived V_(2)O_(5) nanoparticles-modified carbon fiber cloth-based dendrite-free anode for high-performance lithium metal batteries

At present,commercial Li-ion batteries are hardly to satisfy the growing demand for high energy density,for this purpose,lithium metal batteries have attracted worldwide attention in recent years.However,its practical applications are hindered by the formation of Li dendrites and volume effect during Li plating/stripping process,which leads to a lot of safety hazards.Herein,we first employed MOF-derived V_(2)O_(5) nanoparticles to decorate the carbon fiber cloth(CFC)backbone to acquire a lithiophilic 3D porous conductive framework(CFC@V_(2)O_(5)).Subsequently,the CFC@V_(2)O_(5) skeleton was permeated with molten Li to prepare CFC@V_(2)O_(5)@Li composite anode.The CFC@V_(2)O_(5)@Li composite anode can be stably cycled for more than 1650 h at high current density(5 mA·cm^(-2))and areal capacity(5 mA·h·cm^(–2)).The prepared full cell can initially maintain a high capacity of about 143 mA·h·g^(-1) even at a high current density of 5 C,and can still maintain 114 mA·h·g^(-1) after 1000 cycles.

Cold environments and human metabolism: A traditional chinese medicine perspective

The concept of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)emphasizes the intrinsic connection between human beings and nature,positing that the human body undergoes distinct physiological changes in response to various natural environments.Cold,as a primary external factor in cold areas,necessitates the body's autonomous adaptation to uphold optimal living conditions.The repercussions of cold on the body are both far-reaching and profound,with metabolic equilibrium adjustments playing a pivotal role.This article,rooted in the TCM principle of Yin-Yang balance,delves into the metabolic intricacies and adaptive responses to the human body in cold environments.The effects manifest in heat-producing tissues,systemic substance consumption,the blood substance concentrations,liver function,and metabolic rhythms.The article subsequently presents TCM recommendations for maintaining health in cold climates.It concludes by advocating the exploration of metabolic homeostasis changes as a key avenue for investigating the metabolic traits s of populations in cold regions.We posit that such insights will enhance comprehension of the metabolic shifts in cold region populations and advance the evolution of regional medicine.

Analysis of the Influence of Heat Wave on Death among the Elderly in Nanjing City

To obtain the influence of heat waves on death in the elderly, the influence of the heat waves in Nanjing in the summers (from June to August) of 2005-2008 on death among the elderly was analyzed by using statistical methods including generalized additive models. The results showed that the death toll over these four summers in Nanjing tended to increase;on an average 10.76% more males died than females, and the mortality rate of old people aged ≥65 accounted for 73.21% of all deaths. The mortality rate of older people rose with increasing maximum temperature. Furthermore, the average excess mortality rate caused by heat wave weather processes was 15.91%, while it was less affected by the duration of the heat wave. The death toll of the elderly increased with the increase in humidity, dropping of atmospheric pressure, and decrease of wind speed for 1°C increase of maximum temperature. Under the same humidity condition, atmospheric pressure, and wind speed, the death toll during heat wave days was higher than that occurring on other days, and heat waves increased the risk of death among the elderly by 26.6% (95% CI: 1.100 - 1.154). Daily mortality was mainly affected by the daily maximum temperature 1, 4, or 6 days later, particularly 4 days later. Heat wave was one of the principal factors, which caused the rise in death tolls in summer, and the elderly were most affected.

The effects of amino groups and open metal sites of MOFs on polymer-based electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium metal batteries

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) are becoming more and more popular as the fillers in polymer electrolytes in recent years. In this study, a series of MOFs(NH_(2)-MIL-101(Fe), MIL-101(Fe), activated NH_(2)-MIL-101(Fe) and activated MIL-101(Fe)) were synthesized and added to PEO-based solid composite electrolytes(SCEs). Furthermore, the role of the —NH_(2) groups and open metal sites(OMSs) were both examined. Different ratios of MOFs vs polymers were also studied by the electrochemical characterizations. At last, we successfully designed a novel solid composite electrolyte containing activated NH_(2)-MIL-101(Fe),PEO, Li TFSI and PVDF for the high-performance all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries. This work might provide new insight to understand the interactions between polymers and functional groups or OMSs of MOFs better.

A gel polymer electrolyte with IL@UiO-66-NH_(2) as fillers for high-performance all-solid-state lithium metal batteries

All solid-state electrolytes have the advantages of good mechanical and thermal properties for safer energy storage,but their energy density has been limited by low ionic conductivity and large interfacial resistance caused by the poor Li~+transport kinetics due to the solid-solid contacts between the electrodes and the solid-state electrolytes.Herein,a novel gel polymer electrolyte(UPP-5)composed of ionic liquid incorporated metal-organic frameworks nanoparticles(IL@MOFs)is designed,it exhibits satisfying electrochemical performances,consisting of an excellent electrochemical stability window(5.5 V)and an improved Li^(+)transference number of 0.52.Moreover,the Li/UPP-5/LiFePO_(4) full cells present an ultra-stable cycling performance at 0.2C for over 100 cycles almost without any decay in capacities.This study might provide new insight to create an effective Li^(+)conductive network for the development of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries.

Current sustained delivery strategies for the design of local neurotrophic factors in treatment of neurological disorders

Although therapeutic potential of neurotrophic factors(NTFs)has been well recognized for over two decades,attempts to translate that potential to the clinic have been disappointing,largely due to significant obstacles in delivery,including inadequate protein dose/kinetics released at target sites.Considerable efforts have been made to improve the therapeutic performance of NTFs.This articles reviews recent developments in localized delivery systems of NTFs for the neurological disorders treatments with a main focus on sustained delivery strategies.Different non-covalent binding approaches have been employed to immobilize proteins in hydrogels,microspheres,electrospun nanofibers,and their combined systems,which serve as depots for sustained local release of NTFs.The challenges associated with current NTFs delivery systems and how these systems can be applied to neurological diseases and disorders have been discussed in the review.In conclusion,optimal delivery systems for NTFs will be needed for reliable and meaningful clinical benefits;ideally,delivering a time and dose-controlled release of bioactive multiNTFs at different individual optimal kinetics to achieve multi-functions in target tissues is significant preferred.

Fluorination Increases Hydrophobicity at the Macroscopic Level but not at the Microscopic Level

Hydrophobic interactions have been studied before in detail based on hydrophobic polymers,such as polystyrene(PS).Because fluorinated materials have relatively low surface energy,they often show both oleophobicity and hydrophobicity at the macroscopic level.However,it remains unknown how fluorination of hydrophobic polymer influences hydrophobicity at the microscopic level.We synthesized PS and fluorine-substituted PS(FPS)by employing the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization method.Contact angle measurements confirmed that FPS is more hydrophobic than PS at the macroscopic level due to the introduction of fluorine.However,single molecule force spectroscopy experiments showed that the forces required to unfold the PS and FPS nanoparticles in water are indistinguishable,indicating that the strength of the hydrophobic effect that drives the self-assembly of PS and FPS nanoparticles is the same at the microscopic level.The divergence of hydrophobic effect at the macroscopic and microscopic level may hint different underlying mechanisms:the hydrophobicity is dominated by the solvent hydration at the microscopic level and the surface-associated interaction at the macroscopic level.

Advances in Acupuncture and its Associated Therapies for the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Obesity type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disease in clinical practice,and its prevalence is increasing rapidly with the aging of the population and changes in lifestyle.Acupuncture,as a distinctive therapy,has its unique advantages in the treatment of obesity type 2 diabetes and has an irreplaceable role in a variety of treatment methods.The author organized the literature on acupuncture and its related therapies to prevent and treat obesity type 2 diabetes in recent years and found that acupuncture and its associated therapies to prevent and treat obesity type 2 diabetes mainly include:simple acupuncture,electroacupuncture,acupoint catgut embedding therapy,auricular-plaster therapy and other treatments,all of which can safely and effectively improve clinical symptoms,acupuncture and its related therapies to treat obesity type 2 diabetes has a broad prospect,worthy of further clinical promotion.

On the Treatment of Insomnia with Fang’s Scalp Acupuncture Based on the Therapy of “Regulating Mental Activities and Smoothing the Liver”

As a common clinical disease,insomnia was usually treated with anti-psychotic or sedativehypnotic drugs in Western medicine,which showed a fast efficacy,as well as easy drug tolerance and side effects.In traditional Chinese medicine,the basic and key pathogenesis of insomnia are believed to be“the restlessness of the mind”,as well as“the absence of the mind”;and the treatment mainly focus on“regulating mental activities and smoothing the liver”.By combining the theoretical basis and characteristics of Fang’s scalp acupuncture,this paper aims to explain the advantages of Fang’s scalp acupuncture in the treatment of insomnia,and provide new ideas and methods for its clinical treatment.

Prestoring lithium into SnO_(2)coated 3D carbon fiber cloth framework as dendrite-free lithium metal anode

For several decades,the promise of implementing of lithium(Li)metal anodes has been regarded as the"holy grail"for Li-based batteries.Herein,we have proposed a facile design of a carbon fiber cloth(CFC)framework coated with SnO_(2)nanoparticles through a hydrothermal process,which served as a reliable host for prestoring molten Li to produce a CFC@SnO_(2)@Li composite anode.XRD,TEM,HRTEM,XPS and different electrochemical characterizations were carried out.Owing to the synergetic effects of the 3D conductive CFC and the coated lithiophilic SnO_(2)nanoparticles,the designed CFC@SnO_(2)@Li electrodes can buffer the volume changes and reduce the local current density,thus suppress the Li dendrites during cycling.Consequently,the CFC@SnO_(2)electrodes showed a high and stable CE of 98.6%for 1000 cycles at a current density of 1 mA cm^(-2)(1 mAh cm^(-2)).What is more,at a high current density of 5 mA cm^(-2)and a high areal capacity of 5 mAh cm^(-2),the symmetric cell displayed relatively low overpotential and long cycling lifetime of 1600 h.The results confirm its great potential as lithium metal anodes in practical battery applications.

An intermittent lithium deposition model based on CuMnbimetallic MOF derivatives for composite lithium anode with ultrahigh areal capacity and current densities

Recently,three-dimensional(3D)conductive frameworks have been chosen as the host for composite lithium(Li)metal anode because of their exceptional electrical conductivity and remarkable thermal and electrochemical stability.However,Li tends to accumulate on the top of the 3D frameworks with homogenous lithiophilicity and Li dendrite still growth.This work firstly designed a bimetallic metal-organic framework(MOF)(CuMn-MOF)derived Cu_(2)O and Mn_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles decorated carbon cloth(CC)substrates(CC@Cu_(2)O/Mn_(3)O_(4))to fabricate a composite Li anode.Thanks to the synergistic effects of lithiophilic Cu_(2)O and Mn_(3)O_(4),the CC@Cu_(2)O/Mn_(3)O_(4)@Li symmetrical cell can afford a prolonged cycling lifespan(1400 h)under an ultrahigh current density and areal capacity(6 mA·cm^(-2)/6 mAh·cm^(-2)).When coupled with the LiFePO_(4)(LFP)cathode,the LFP||CC@Cu_(2)O/Mn_(3)O_(4)@Li full cell demonstrated a superior performance of 89.7 mAh·g^(-1) even at an extremely high current density(10 C).Furthermore,it can also be matched well with LiNi_(0.5)Co^(0).2Mn_(0.3)O_(2)(NCM523)cathode.Importantly,to explain the excellent performances of the CC@Cu_(2)O/Mn_(3)O_(4)@Li composite anode,an intermittent model was also proposed.This study offers a novel model that can enhance our comprehension of the Li deposition behavior and pave the way to attain stable and safe Li metal anodes by employing bimetallic MOF-derived materials to construct 3D frameworks.

Circularly polarized luminescence switch based on a photochromic europium(Ⅲ) helicate derived coordination polymer

Chiroptical switches based on circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)have shown the promising applications in advanced information technologies.Herein,a pair of lanthanide coordination polymer enantiomers[Eu_(2)(L^(R))_(3)(BTFPO)_(2)]_(n) and[Eu_(2)(L^(S))_(3)(BTFPO)_(2)]_(n) with light-regulated CPL property are designed,which are assembled by a chiral binuclear triple-stranded Eu^(3+) helicates[Eu_(2)(L^(R/S))_(3)]coordinated with two photochromic triphenylphosphine oxides(BTFPO).Upon the alternative UV and 526 nm light irradiation,the complexes show the reversible photochromism,PL and CPL responses.Notably,the luminescence dissymmetry factor,g lum of ^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(1)(591 nm)transition shows an obvious increase from 0.19 to 0.29 before and after 275 nm light irradiation.Additionally,the emission from Eu^(3+) center is not completely quenched in closed-ring state due to the low photocyclization(Ф_(o-c))quantum yield of the polymer.The partial maintenance of emissive intensity is of essential importance for the monitor of CPL signal.More importantly,the CPL photo-switching property of the complexes in solid hybrid film is maintained,and still displays the enhanced CPL emission in photostationary state.Further,the potential applications of the doping film in logic gate and anti-counterfeiting were investigated.

3D Printing of Tough Hydrogel Scaffolds with Functional Surface Structures for Tissue Regeneration

Hydrogel scaffolds have numerous potential applications in the tissue engineering field.However,tough hydrogel scaffolds implanted in vivo are seldom reported because it is difficult to balance biocompatibility and high mechanical properties.Inspired by Chinese ramen,we propose a universal fabricating method(printing-P,training-T,cross-linking-C,PTC&PCT)for tough hydrogel scaffolds to fill this gap.First,3D printing fabricates a hydrogel scaffold with desired structures(P).Then,the scaffold could have extraordinarily high mechanical properties and functional surface structure by cycle mechanical training with salting-out assistance(T).Finally,the training results are fixed by photo-cross-linking processing(C).The tough gelatin hydrogel scaffolds exhibit excellent tensile strength of 6.66 MPa(622-fold untreated)and have excellent biocompatibility.Furthermore,this scaffold possesses functional surface structures from nanometer to micron to millimeter,which can efficiently induce directional cell growth.Interestingly,this strategy can produce bionic human tissue with mechanical properties of 10 kPa-10 MPa by changing the type of salt,and many hydrogels,such as gelatin and silk,could be improved with PTC or PCT strategies.Animal experiments show that this scaffold can effectively promote the new generation of muscle fibers,blood vessels,and nerves within 4 weeks,prompting the rapid regeneration of large-volume muscle loss injuries.

最古老陆壳物质:综述

最古老陆壳物质指≥3.9 Ga锆石和≥3.8 Ga岩石,其发现是了解地球最早期陆壳形成演化的关键.全球范围内,迄今已在近20个地区发现最古老锆石,在8个地区发现最古老岩石.最古老锆石遍布各个大陆,主要存在于太古宙岩石中,但在许多地区仅有1~2颗发现.西澳杰克山-纳瑞尔山是≥3.9 Ga锆石发现最多的地区,全球最古老4.4~4.3 Ga锆石也来自这里.它们普遍显示岩浆振荡环带,结构和组成上与花岗质岩石中的岩浆锆石类似,表明陆壳岩石在地球形成之后不久就出现了,在冥古宙晚期已有了相当的规模.最古老岩石主要分布于北半球,规模通常很小,但在西南格陵兰分布范围很大,达1000 km^(2)以上.岩石以英云闪长岩-奥长花岗岩-花岗闪长岩(tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite,TTG)为主,一些地方存在以变质玄武岩和超基性岩为主的表壳岩,也有条带状铁矿等沉积岩存在.>3.5 Ga TTG岩石地球化学组成上存在变化,普遍具有低的Sr/Y和La/Yb比值,表明它们大多形成于相对低压的条件下.≥3.5 Ga岩浆锆石和碎屑-外来锆石Hf同位素组成存在大的变化,ε_(Hf)(t)从正值到负值都有,大多数锆石都具有负的ε_(Hf)(t)值,暗示其大多来自于富集地幔或类似于球粒陨石储库的物源区.Hf同位素组成富集的古老TTG岩石和锆石(≥3.9 Ga)在全球多个地区存在,支持了岩浆海事件形成全球性镁铁质-超镁铁质地壳的认识.在3.8 Ga,最古老陆壳的物质组成和形成条件已显示出多样性,表明陆壳在那时就已达到较高的演化程度.代表早期陆壳演化重要转折的壳源富钾花岗岩在3.65 Ga之后才开始形成,大规模形成的时代更晚.一些地区(西南格陵兰,加拿大的萨格利克-希布伦)存在大规模~3.5 Ga基性岩墙群,表明某些地区陆壳在那时规模就十分巨大,达到了相当的刚性.最古老陆壳物质形成方式存在争论,主要有陨石撞击、冰岛模式、岛弧岩浆作用、板底垫托、热管构造、深成软盖构造等不同解释.本文对最古老陆壳物质今后的研究方向作了展望.在华北克拉通、鞍山-本溪和冀东地区最有希望取得重大突破.

点手性调控的三股铕螺旋体的非对映选择性自组装及圆偏振发光

具有超分子手性的稀土螺旋体为合成高性能稀土圆偏振发光(CPL)材料提供了结构基础.然而,稀土Ln(Ⅲ)离子较大的半径和不稳定的配位几何构型为合成高光学纯度的稀土螺旋体带来了困难和挑战.本工作通过在双三齿配体端基引入点手性的方式成功构筑了一对儿对映体纯的手性双核三股铕螺旋体,[Eu_(2)(LRR)_(3)](OTf)_(6)和[Eu_(2)(L^(SS))_(3)](OTf)_(6).结合全面的光谱表征和半经验分子力学模型证实了配体端基的点手性成功诱导两个稀土Eu^(3+)离子采取相同的Λ或Δ构型,并形成具有单一M或P螺旋构象的螺旋体.配合物的镜像圆二色(CD)和CPL光谱也进一步验证了一对儿光学纯对映体的形成.手性光学性质研究显示螺旋体在乙腈中表现出适中的发光不对称因子(|glum|=0.083)和良好的发光量子产率(QY=19%).该方法为制备性能优异的手性稀土CPL材料提供了一种可行性参考.

Advances in lithium niobate photonics:development status and perspectives

Lithium niobate(LN)has experienced significant developments during past decades due to its versatile properties,especially its large electro-optic(EO)coefficient.For example,bulk LN-based modulators with high speeds and a superior linearity are widely used in typical fiber-optic communication systems.However,with everincreasing demands for signal transmission capacity,the high power and large size of bulk LN-based devices pose great challenges,especially when one of its counterparts,integrated silicon photonics,has experienced dramatic developments in recent decades.Not long ago,high-quality thin-film LN on insulator(LNOI)became commercially available,which has paved the way for integrated LN photonics and opened a hot research area of LN photonics devices.LNOI allows a large refractive index contrast,thus light can be confined within a more compact structure.Together with other properties of LN,such as nonlinear/acousto-optic/pyroelectric effects,various kinds of high-performance integrated LN devices can be demonstrated.A comprehensive summary of advances in LN photonics is provided.As LN photonics has experienced several decades of development,our review includes some of the typical bulk LN devices as well as recently developed thin film LN devices.In this way,readers may be inspired by a complete picture of the evolution of this technology.We first introduce the basic material properties of LN and several key processing technologies for fabricating photonics devices.After that,various kinds of functional devices based on different effects are summarized.Finally,we give a short summary and perspective of LN photonics.We hope this review can give readers more insight into recent advances in LN photonics and contribute to the further development of LN related research.

MOF-Derived Materials Enabled Lithiophilic 3D Hosts for Lithium Metal Anode—A Review

Comprehensive Summary This work systematically reviews recent progresses in the applications of MOF-derived materials modified 3D porous conductive framework as hosts for uniform lithium deposition in LMBs.A series of commonly used lithiophilic materials and several kinds of representative MOF-derivation-modified 3D hosts as lithium metal anode(LMA)are presented.Finally,the challenges and future development of employing MOF-derived materials to modify the 3D porous conductive framework for LMA are included.

Luminescent properties of Dy^3+/Eu^3+ doped fluorescent glass for white LED based on oxyfluoride matrix

Rare earth ion-doped fluorescent glass has become a hotspot due to its characteristics.This work shows that the prepared Dy^3+and Dy^3+/Eu^3+doped glasses have white light emission under ultraviolet excitation.There is a higher yellow light/blue light(Y/B)value,indicating an increase in the covalentity of Dy-O,and decrease in the symmetry with the increasing concentration of dopants(Dy^3+).The correlated color temperature(CCT)can be effectively reduced by the red light emission of Eu^3+,and the order of influence of excitation wavelength on CCT is 395 nm>382 nm>365 nm.The delay curve demonstrates the energy transfer from Dy^3+to Eu^3+.The glass has the characteristics of anti-blue light damage and wide tunable color temperature,which illustrates that it has potential application in the field of white LED.

NAT10 promotes cell proliferation by acetylating CEP170 mRNA to enhance translation efficiency in multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma(MM) is still an incurable hematologic malignancy, which is eagerly to the discovery of novel therapeutic targets and methods. N-acetyltransferase 10(NAT10) is the first reported regulator of mRNA acetylation that is activated in many cancers. However, the function of NAT10 in MM remains unclear. We found significant upregulation of NAT10 in MM patients compared to normal plasma cells, which was also highly correlated with MM poor outcome. Further enforced NAT10 expression promoted MM growth in vitro and in vivo, while knockdown of NAT10 reversed those effects. The correlation analysis of acetylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing(ac RIP-seq) and ribosome profiling sequencing(Ribo-seq) combined with RIP-PCR tests identified centrosomal protein 170(CEP170) as an important downstream target of NAT10. Interfering CEP170 expression in NAT10-OE cells attenuated the acceleration of cellular growth caused by elevated NAT10. Moreover,CEP170 overexpression promoted cellular proliferation and chromosomal instability(CIN) in MM.Intriguingly, remodelin, a selective NAT10 inhibitor, suppressed MM cellular growth, induced cellular apoptosis in vitro and prolonged the survival of 5TMM3VT mice in vivo. Collectively, our data indicate that NAT10 acetylates CEP170 mRNA to enhance CEP170 translation efficiency, which suggests that NAT10 may serve as a promising therapeutic target in MM.