Infantile bacterial meningitis combined with sepsis caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus:A case report

BACKGROUND Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus(SGSP)is a rare pathogen responsible for infant sepsis and meningitis and is potentially overlooked because it is not included in routine group B streptococcal screenings.Hence,we present a case of SGSP-induced infant meningitis and sepsis,accompanied by bronchopneumonia induced by multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA),providing insights into the identification,management,and prognosis of this bacterial infection.CASE SUMMARY A 45-day-old female infant presented with two episodes of high fever(maximum temperature:39.5°C)and two generalized grand mal seizure episodes that lasted over ten seconds and self-resolved without concomitant symptoms.Postadmission,the patient’s C-reactive protein level was 40.73 mg/L,white blood cell count was 13.42×10^(9)/L,neutrophil ratio was 78.4%,procalcitonin level was 7.89μg/L,cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)white cell count was 36×10^(6)/L,multinucleated cell ratio was 95.2%,and protein concentration was 0.41 g/L.Blood and CSF culture revealed that the pathogen was SGSP.The bacterium was sensitive to ampicillin,furazolidone,penicillin,lincomycin,moxifloxacin,rifampicin,vancomycin,and levofloxacin but resistant to clindamycin and tetracycline.Sputum culture revealed the presence of MRSA,which was sensitive to vancomycin.The patient was diagnosed with meningitis and sepsis caused by SGSP,accompanied by bronchopneumonia induced by MRSA.Ceftriaxone(100 mg/kg/d)combined with vancomycin(10 mg/kg/dose,q6h)was given as an anti-infective treatment postadmission.After 12 days of treatment,the infant was discharged from the hospital with normal CSF,blood culture,and routine blood test results,and no complications,such as subdural effusion,were observed on cranial computed tomography.No growth retardation or neurological sequelae occurred during follow-up.CONCLUSION SGPSP-induced infant bacterial meningitis and sepsis should be treated with prompt blood and CSF cultures,and a sensitive antibiotic therapy to ensure a favorable prognosis.

Tuning sodium wettability and pore tortuosity for superior sodium storage

Abundant FeS2 with high theoretical capacity is one of the promising anode candidates in sodium-ion batteries(SlBs),however,the uneven sodium deposition due to the poor interface compatibility and sluggish reaction kinetics because of the high activation barrier still plague its practical application.Herein,we synthesized the ordered porous carbon matrix wrapped FeS2 nanoparticles(FeS_2@OCN)with high sodium wettability and low pore tortuosity to economically enhance the interface compatibility as well as to lower the energy barrier in SIBs.The synergistic effects of low tortuosity pores and strong sodium wettability homogenize the Na+flux distribution,bring the electron dislocation via the enrichment of edgenitrogen(Pyridinic N and Pyrrolic N),thus achieving the dendrite-free sodium deposition and dramatically enhanced reaction kinetics.Benefiting from exceptional structural/compositional/electronic merits,the resultant anode is endowed with exceptional structure stability,achieving long-term cycling stability of 451.9 mAh·g^(-1)after 1000cycles at 1 A·g^(-1)with specific capacity retention of 92.9%.Attenuated electrode tortuosity and high sodium wettability can corporately improve the interface compatibility and attenuate the activation barrier of the FeS_2 host and beyond.