Both a theoretical and an empirical model were developed for predicting the formation of soluble microbial products （SMP） during drinking water biofiltration. Four pilot-scale biofilters with ceramsite as the medium...Both a theoretical and an empirical model were developed for predicting the formation of soluble microbial products （SMP） during drinking water biofiltration. Four pilot-scale biofilters with ceramsite as the medium were fed with different acetate loadings for the determination of SMP formation. Using numerically simulated and measured parameters, the theoretical model was developed according to the substrate and biomass balance. The results of this model matched the measured data better for higher SMP formation but did not fit well when SMP formation was lower. In order to better simulate the reality and overcome the difficulties of measuring the kinetic parameters, a simpler empirical model was also developed. In this model, SMP formation was expressed as a function of fed organic loadings and the depth of the medium, and a much better fit was obtained.展开更多
【目的】存量发展背景下,城市公园等正式绿色空间增量困难、服务功能日益局限,而数量较多的非正式绿色空间尚未引起足够重视,未充分发挥价值。探究非正式绿色空间的独特价值与利用方式,可为用地约束下人居环境提升与绿化功能创新提供线...【目的】存量发展背景下,城市公园等正式绿色空间增量困难、服务功能日益局限,而数量较多的非正式绿色空间尚未引起足够重视,未充分发挥价值。探究非正式绿色空间的独特价值与利用方式,可为用地约束下人居环境提升与绿化功能创新提供线索。【方法】对Web of Science核心数据库登载的47篇典型文献进行了分析,从识别技术、游憩价值、生态价值和更新模式四方面,系统探知国外非正式绿色空间研究进展。【结果】非正式绿色空间具有触发多样游憩感知、满足多元使用需求、提升绿地获取公平性等游憩价值,以及丰富城市生物多样性、提升生态系统调节能力等生态价值。同时,国外实践表明,运用公共政策、政府支持、社会推动的综合策略可助力实现非正式绿色空间更新改造。【结论】结合国情并借鉴国外理论与实践,建议运用主动响应居民需求、创建地理信息数据库、创新规划管理范式三大策略优化国内城市非正式绿色空间建设,以期公平、生态、节约地推进城市绿化建设。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50408026)
文摘Both a theoretical and an empirical model were developed for predicting the formation of soluble microbial products （SMP） during drinking water biofiltration. Four pilot-scale biofilters with ceramsite as the medium were fed with different acetate loadings for the determination of SMP formation. Using numerically simulated and measured parameters, the theoretical model was developed according to the substrate and biomass balance. The results of this model matched the measured data better for higher SMP formation but did not fit well when SMP formation was lower. In order to better simulate the reality and overcome the difficulties of measuring the kinetic parameters, a simpler empirical model was also developed. In this model, SMP formation was expressed as a function of fed organic loadings and the depth of the medium, and a much better fit was obtained.
文摘【目的】存量发展背景下,城市公园等正式绿色空间增量困难、服务功能日益局限,而数量较多的非正式绿色空间尚未引起足够重视,未充分发挥价值。探究非正式绿色空间的独特价值与利用方式,可为用地约束下人居环境提升与绿化功能创新提供线索。【方法】对Web of Science核心数据库登载的47篇典型文献进行了分析,从识别技术、游憩价值、生态价值和更新模式四方面,系统探知国外非正式绿色空间研究进展。【结果】非正式绿色空间具有触发多样游憩感知、满足多元使用需求、提升绿地获取公平性等游憩价值,以及丰富城市生物多样性、提升生态系统调节能力等生态价值。同时,国外实践表明,运用公共政策、政府支持、社会推动的综合策略可助力实现非正式绿色空间更新改造。【结论】结合国情并借鉴国外理论与实践,建议运用主动响应居民需求、创建地理信息数据库、创新规划管理范式三大策略优化国内城市非正式绿色空间建设,以期公平、生态、节约地推进城市绿化建设。
