Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in Alzheimer’s disease:effects on neural and synaptic rehabilitation

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from deficits in synaptic transmission and homeostasis.The Alzheimer’s disease brain tends to be hyperexcitable and hypersynchronized,thereby causing neurodegeneration and ultimately disrupting the operational abilities in daily life,leaving patients incapacitated.Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a cost-effective,neuro-modulatory technique used for multiple neurological conditions.Over the past two decades,it has been widely used to predict cognitive decline;identify pathophysiological markers;promote neuroplasticity;and assess brain excitability,plasticity,and connectivity.It has also been applied to patients with dementia,because it can yield facilitatory effects on cognition and promote brain recovery after a neurological insult.However,its therapeutic effectiveness at the molecular and synaptic levels has not been elucidated because of a limited number of studies.This study aimed to characterize the neurobiological changes following repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment,evaluate its effects on synaptic plasticity,and identify the associated mechanisms.This review essentially focuses on changes in the pathology,amyloidogenesis,and clearance pathways,given that amyloid deposition is a major hypothesis in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.Apoptotic mechanisms associated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation procedures and different pathways mediating gene transcription,which are closely related to the neural regeneration process,are also highlighted.Finally,we discuss the outcomes of animal studies in which neuroplasticity is modulated and assessed at the structural and functional levels by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,with the aim to highlight future directions for better clinical translations.

A novel transcription factor FnMYB4 regulates pigments metabolism of yellow leaf mutants in Fragaria nilgerrensis

The strawberry species Fragaria nilgerrensis Schlechtendal ex J.Gay,renowned for its distinctive white,fragrant peach-like fruits and strong disease resistance,is an exceptional research material.In a previous study,an ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS)mutant library was established for this species,resulting in various yellow leaf mutants.Leaf yellowing materials are not only the ideal materials for basic studies on photosynthesis mechanism,chloroplast development,and molecular regulation of various pigments,but also have important utilization value in ornamental plants breeding.The present study focused on four distinct yellow leaf mutants:mottled yellow leaf(MO),yellow green leaf(YG),light green leaf(LG),and buddha light leaf(BU).The results revealed that the flavonoid content and carotenoid-to-chlorophyll ratio exhibited a significant increase among these mutants,while experiencing a significant decrease in chlorophyll and carotenoid contents compared to the wild type(WT).To clarify the regulatory mechanisms and network relationships underlying these mutants,the RNA-seq and weighted gene coexpression network(WGCNA)analyses were employed.The results showed flavonoid metabolism pathway was enriched both in MO and YG mutants,while the chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway and carotenoid degradation pathway were only enriched in MO and YG mutants,respectively.Subsequently,key structural genes and transcription factors were identified on metabolic pathways of three pigments through correlation analyses and quantitative experiments.Furthermore,a R2R3-MYB transcription factor,FnMYB4,was confirmed to be positively correlated with flavonoid synthesis through transient overexpression,virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS),and RNA interference(RNAi),accompanying by reoccurrence and attenuation of mutant phenotype.Finally,dual-luciferase(LUC)and yeast one-hybrid assays confirmed the binding of FnMYB4 to the FnFLS and FnF3H promoters,indicating that FnMYB4 positively regulates flavonoid synthesis.In addition,correlation analyses suggested that FnMYB4 also might be involved in chlorophyll and carotenoid metabolisms.These findings demonstrated the pivotal regulatory role of FnMYB4 in strawberry leaf coloration.

Mechanism of high Li-ion conductivity in poly(vinylene carbonate)-poly(ethylene oxide)cross-linked network based electrolyte revealed by solid-state NMR

Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)have become increasingly important in advanced lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their improved safety and mechanical properties compared to organic liquid electrolytes.Cross-linked polymers have the potential to further improve the mechanical property without trading off Li-ion conductivity.In this study,focusing on a recently developed cross-linked SPE,i.e.,the one based on poly(vinylene carbonate)-poly(ethylene oxide)cross-linked network(PVCN),we used solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)techniques to investigate the fundamental interaction between the chain segments and Li ions,as well as the lithium-ion motion.By utilizing homonuclear/heteronuclear correlation,CP(cross-polarization)kinetics,and spin-lattice relaxation experiments,etc.,we revealed the structural characteristics and their relations to lithium-ion mobilities.It is found that the network formation prevents poly(ethylene oxide)chains from crystallization,which could create sufficient space for segmental tumbling and Li-ion co nductio n.As such,the mechanical property is greatly improved with even higher Li-ion mobilities compared to the poly(vinylene carbonate)or poly(ethylene oxide)based SPE analogues.

Potential active compounds and mechanisms of Shen-Qi-Yi-Chang granule for the treatment of colorectal cancer:an analysis of network pharmacology and molecular docking

Background:In recent years,herbal formulations have assumed an influential part in preventing and treating tumors.Shenqi Yichang granules(SQYCG)have proven effective in the adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC),but their mechanism has not been elucidated.This study aimed to explore the potential active compounds and mechanisms of SQYCG in the treatment of CRC using network pharmacology and molecular docking.Methods:The active compounds and targets of SQYCG and the CRC genes were found using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology,DrugBank,and DisGeNET databases.The intersected targets of disease genes and drug targets were depicted using a Venn diagram.The protein-protein interaction(PPI)network of these targets was obtained by String platform and visualized using Cytoscape.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis were carried using the DAVID database to obtain the core molecular mechanism of SQYCG in CRC treatment.Molecular docking techniques were used to validate the results.Results:A total of 63 compounds and 245 targets were obtained from the herbal prescription after the screening,of which 122 targets crossed with CRC genes.PPI showed that the core regulatory targets include MAPK1,TNF,TP53,JUN,RELA,MAPK14,and MAPK 8.The GO analysis indicated regulation of drug response,apoptotic process,response to hypoxia,angiogenesis,and response to lipopolysaccharide.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis mainly involves TNF,T cell receptor,Toll-like receptor,PI3K-Akt,and MAPK signal pathway.Conclusion:Through network pharmacology,we havedemonstrated that SQYCG has multiple targets,components,and pathways in treating CRC,with anti inflammation and inhibition of cell proliferation being critical components of its mechanism.

MSS型mCRC的免疫治疗策略及中医药研究探索

结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)发病率和死亡率逐年上升,除传统的放疗、化疗、靶向治疗模式外,免疫治疗也为更多转移性结直肠癌患者带来希望,但这仅限于对高微卫星不稳定型的患者,对约占95%的微卫星稳定(microsatellite stable,MSS)型的转移性结直肠癌(metastatic colorectal cancer,mCRC)患者尚不能从中获益,如何增强MSS型mCRC患者对免疫治疗的应答是当前研究的热点.近年来研究发现免疫治疗的联合策略有望改善此类患者的临床疗效,中医药联合免疫治疗的研究报道日趋增多.因此,本文旨在对MSS型结直肠癌的免疫治疗和中医药研究进行综述.

基于大数据的煤矿云联网监控系统的设计与实现

研究的煤矿安全生产云联网监控系统运用了云计算和大数据的技术成果,将现有井上、井下各类监测系统组成多网融合的平台,设计上层数据软件平台,对系统的整体架构方案进行研究,研发系统数据接口,实现多系统数据的采集、上传与融合,搭建安全生产数据云联网存储平台,使生产和决策更加科学化,向煤炭开采的少人化和无人化过渡,为实现智慧矿山奠定了基础。

固体核磁共振高速魔角旋转条件下对称性脉冲零量子同核重耦技术

基于偶极耦合的同核相关固体核磁共振实验广泛应用于结构表征,RFDR是其中最广泛使用的零量子同核重耦序列之一。此前的研究中证明了RFDR的重耦效率非常依赖于魔角旋转转速、共振偏置、射频场不均匀性、化学位移各项异性及其它多种因素。本文基于对称性序列原理,在中等和高转速下考察了一系列RNN1(N≥4,N为偶数)对称性序列,并结合多种相位循环,以充分研究零量子重耦序列原理并实现均匀的宽带同核重耦。不同RN对称性序列的零量子偶极重耦效率进一步在13C、15N均匀标记的L-组氨酸以及微晶动力蛋白轻链(LC8)样品上得到检验。

Idiopathic neonatal pneumoperitoneum with favorable outcome: A case report and review

Neonatal pneumoperitoneum is a surgical emergency indicative of gastrointestinal perforation that requires immediate treatment to prevent death. There have been non-surgical conditions secondary to neonatal pneumoperitoneum(e.g., mechanical ventilation, pulmonary diseases and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis) that neonates were able to overcome without the need for abdominal exploration. Idiopathic pneumoperitoneum, although similar to perforation of the alimentary tract and the previously mentioned non-surgical conditions, is a more rare and benign condition that does not yet have a definite cause. Hence, inexperienced surgeons may have a difficult time providing the right treatment for idiopathic pneumoperitoneum. We report a case of a neonate with a massive pneumoperitoneum who obtained a favorable outcome without surgical intervention. Nonetheless, the cause of pneumoperitoneum remains unclear. We hypothesize that the right sized perforation(range: 2 mm to 4 mm in diameter) at the anterior wall of the stomach is needed for pneumoperitoneum to occur. As the baby cries(aerophagia), the air in the stomach accumulates until it can enter the intraperitoneal cavity through the leak compressed by gastric peristalsis, hence forming a large pneumoperitoneum. Small amounts of gastric juice are able to penetrate the gastric wall; therefore, no signs or symptoms of peritonitis occur. The gastric leak self-seals, preventing further passage of the air, allowing the intraperitoneal free gas to dissipate gradually. This case demonstrated that laparotomy can be avoided in neonates with idiopathic pneumoperitoneum if a timely diagnosis is established.

三种典型正面小重叠碰撞试验对比分析

随着NCAP以及碰撞安全技术法规的推动,汽车安全技术取得了飞跃式的发展,乘员在多种碰撞形态中均得到了很好的保护。然而统计数据表明:有一类小重叠率正面碰撞交通事故,仍会发生严重的乘员伤亡后果,究其原因在于这类碰撞事故中车辆不能发挥纵梁及车身结构的能量吸收作用,使得乘员舱发生严重变形,高的碰撞强度直接传递到乘员身上,从而导致乘员发生严重的伤害。鉴于国内外缺乏统一的小重叠碰撞测试评价方法的现状,首先对比分析了国外三种典型的小重叠碰撞(车对车(Car to Car, C2C)碰撞、IIHS碰撞、NHTSA碰撞)测试评价方法的差异性,随后针对某一车型,基于以上3种方法,进行了相应的实车碰撞试验,并就碰撞试验中车身运动姿态、碰撞强度(车身加速度、VPI指数)、乘员伤害、车身变形量等方面进行了深入的分析。研究结果表明:就车身运动姿态而言,NHTSA方法与C2C方法运动方向相同,且IIHS方法自身转动最为剧烈;在表征碰撞强度的车身加速度和VPI指数方面,NTHSA方法与C2C方法相似,IIHS强度最小;在假人伤害方面:NTHSA与C2C方法伤害曲线接近;在车身变形量方面,整体而言,三者处于同一水平,C2C方法变形量相对较大,IIHS与NTHSA方法变形量基本相当。综合车身加速度、运动姿态、变形量、假人伤害因素,NTHSA方法相比IIHS方法与C2C方法更为接近。

基于RSSI的矿井移动目标加权质心定位算法

基于接收信号强度(RSSI)定位技术,通过优化质心定位算法和权值因子来提高煤矿井下移动目标的定位精度。该方法将接收到的RSSI值进行高斯混合滤波,利用最大期望算法(EM算法)对数据进行聚类分析,然后根据赤池信息量准则(AIC)选取AIC值最小的分布模型作为算法计算模型,最后将加权质心算法引入幂值求得定位坐标;用CC2530传感器节点作为通信节点进行实验验证。实验证明,优化后的加权质心算法的定位误差较小。

温湿度记录仪校准方法的研究

温湿度记录仪是当今各生产企业广泛使用的环境监测设备。为了确保温湿度记录仪的量值准确可靠,为该仪器提供校准的依据,对温湿度记录仪的校准方法进行了研究,并完成了《温湿度记录仪》广西地方校准规范的起草准备工作。

An Improved Higher-Order Time Integration Algorithm for Structural Dynamics

Based on the weighted residual method,a single-step time integration algorithm with higher-order accuracy and unconditional stability has been proposed,which is superior to the second-order accurate algorithms in tracking long-term dynamics.For improving such a higher-order accurate algorithm,this paper proposes a two sub-step higher-order algorithm with unconditional stability and controllable dissipation.In the proposed algorithm,a time step interval[t_(k),t_(k)+h]where h stands for the size of a time step is divided into two sub-steps[t_(k),t_(k)+γh]and[t_(k)+γh,t_(k)+h].A non-dissipative fourth-order algorithm is used in the rst sub-step to ensure low-frequency accuracy and a dissipative third-order algorithm is employed in the second sub-step to lter out the contribution of high-frequency modes.Besides,two approaches are used to design the algorithm parameterγ.The rst approach determinesγby maximizing low-frequency accuracy and the other determinesγfor quickly damping out highfrequency modes.The present algorithm usesρ_(∞)to exactly control the degree of numerical dissipation,and it is third-order accurate when 0≤ρ_(∞)<1 and fourth-order accurate whenρ_(∞)=1.Furthermore,the proposed algorithm is self-starting and easy to implement.Some illustrative linear and nonlinear examples are solved to check the performances of the proposed two sub-step higher-order algorithm.

The Intelligent Terminal Design for Integrated Substation Auxiliary System

The integrated substation auxiliary system is a project composed by software and hardware to help operators of a substation carry daily maintain works. The intelligent terminal is the key part of the system and it provides important UI and communication functions for the user. Smart phones can achieve higher bandwidth data communication, and at the same time can carry Bluetooth communication, video call, multimedia display and other functions. Smart phone is a potential common platform, suitable for the deployment of substation integrated auxiliary system terminal. Based on the Android Smart phone platform, this paper develops intelligent client-side software for the integrated substation auxiliary system and it can realize the operation ticket control, the video call, the substation map display and other functions. This client-side software has been applied in practice, and has gained good effects.

Evidence for charge and spin density waves in single crystals of La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7) and La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(6)

Charge and spin orders are intimately related to superconductivity in copper oxide superconductors.Elucidation of the competing orders in various nickel oxide compounds is crucial,given the fact that superconductivity has been discovered in Nd_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)NiO_(2)films.Herein,we report structural,electronic transport,magnetic,and thermodynamic characterizations of single crystals of La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)and La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(6).La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)is metallic with mixed Ni^(2+)and Ni^(3+)valent states.Resistivity measurements yield two transition-like kinks at~110 and 153 K.The kink at 153 K is further revealed from magnetization and specific heat measurements,indicative of the formation of charge and spin density waves.La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(6)single crystals obtained from the topochemical reduction of La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)are insulating and show an anomaly at~176 K on magnetic susceptibility.The transition-like behaviors of La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)and La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(6)are analogous to those observed in La_(4)Ni_(3)O_(10) and La_(4)Ni_(3)O_(8),suggesting that charge and spin density waves are a common feature in the ternary La-Ni-O system with mixed-valent states of nickel.

Rice FLOURY ENDOSPERM22, encoding a pentatricopeptide repeat protein, is involved in both mitochondrial RNA splicing and editing and is crucial for endosperm development

Most of the reported P-type pentatricopeptide repeat(PPR) proteins play roles in organelle RNA stabilization and splicing. However, P-type PPRs involved in both RNA splicing and editing have rarely been reported, and their underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we report a rice floury endosperm22(flo22) mutant with delayed amyloplast development in endosperm cells. Map-based cloning and complementation tests demonstrated that FLO22 encodes a mitochondrion-localized P-type PPR protein.Mutation of FLO22 resulting in defective transsplicing of mitochondrial nad1 intron 1 and perhaps causing instability of mature transcripts affected assembly and activity of complex Ⅰ, and mitochondrial morphology and function. RNA-seq analysis showed that expression levels of many genes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism were significantly down-regulated in the flo22mutant compared with the wild type, whereas genes related to oxidative phosphorylation and the tricarboxylic acid cycle were significantly upregulated. In addition to involvement in splicing as a P-type PPR protein, we found that FLO22 interacted with DYW3, a DYW-type PPR protein, and they may function synergistically in mitochondrial RNA editing. The present work indicated that FLO22 plays an important role in endosperm development and plant growth by participating in nad1 maturation and multi-site editing of mitochondrial messager RNA.

基于加权质心定位的井下移动目标实时跟踪方法

为保障井下作业人员的人身安全,提出基于WSNs加权质心定位的井下移动目标实时跟踪方法。确定传感器在井下布置方位和数量,并建立与邻居节点间的通信;选择和目标距离最近的节点形成定位边,利用加权质心定位算法赋予节点权值,并引入虚拟节点概念,计算虚拟节点位置估计移动目标具体位置;采用自主决策思想确定节点转换状态,根据状态设置跟踪过程,实现目标实时跟踪。结果证明:本文方法跟踪丢失率始终保持在0.02%以下,误差小,跟踪效率较高。

Impact of age and tumor size on the development of the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon in patients with kaposiform hemangioendothelioma:a retrospective cohort study

Introduction The Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon(KMP)is a severe complication of kaposiform hemangioendothelioma(KHE).The risk factors for KMP need further investigation.Methods The medical records of patients with KHE were reviewed.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used for the risk factors for KMP,and the area under the receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve was used to assess the predictive power of risk factors.Results A total of 338 patients with KHE were enrolled.The incidence of KMP was 45.9%.Age of onset(P<0.001,odds ratio[OR]0.939;95%confidence interval[CI]0.914–0.966),lesion size(P<0.001,OR 1.944;95%CI 1.646–2.296),mixed type(P=0.030,OR 2.428;95%CI 1.092–5.397),deep type(P=0.010,OR 4.006;95%CI 1.389–11.556),and mediastinal or retroperitoneal lesion location(P=0.019,OR 11.864;95%CI 1.497–94.003)were correlated with KMP occurrence through multivariate logistic regression.ROC curve analysis revealed that the optimal cutoffs were 4.75 months for the age of onset(P<0.001,OR 7.206,95%CI 4.073–12.749)and a lesion diameter of 5.35 cm(P<0.001,OR 11.817,95%CI 7.084–19.714).Bounded by a lesion size of 5.35 cm,we found significant differences in tumor morphology,age of onset,treatments,and hematological parameters.Using an onset age of 4.75 months as a cutoff,we found significant differences in tumor morphology,lesion size,hematological parameters,and prognosis.Conclusion For KHE patients with an onset age<4.75 months and/or lesion diameter>5.35 cm,clinicians should be wary of the occurrence of KMP.Active management is recommended to improve the prognosis.

A two-dimensional tetragonal structure of vanadium telluride

The family of vanadium chalcogenides with variable stoichiometry and abundant crystallographic structures are promising platforms for realizing exotic emergent phenomena.Here,we report on a novel two-dimensional(2D)tetragonal structure of vanadium telluride(VTe)grown by molecular beam epitaxy.The atomic structures and electronic properties are revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy and first-principles calculations.Different from the hexagonal or trigonal lattices of 2D VTe_(2),the 2D VTe with a V:Te ratio of 1:1 exhibits an uncommon square lattice.Non-zero differential conductivity at the Fermi energy detected by scanning tunneling spectroscopy reveals the metallic feature of VTe.Meanwhile,Friedel oscillations are observed near chiral point defects and domain walls,illustrating the itinerant nature of the electrons close to the Fermi energy.Our firstprinciples structure searches identify a 2D body-centered cubic(bcc)-like structure with a favorable formation energy to be the candidate of the metallic phase of the tetragonal VTe obtained experimentally.Based on our calculations the 2D bcc-like structure possesses a strong 2D antiferromagnetic order.Our work enriches the family of vanadium chalcogenides and provides a possible 2D antiferromagnetic material for fabricating advanced spintronic devices.

基于RSSI的煤矿井下人员精确定位算法研究

为了满足煤矿安全生产以及保障矿井工作人员生命安全等需求,提出了一种基于RSSI的高斯混合滤波的矿井人员精确定位。结合矿井实际环境以50 m分段进行研究,根据RSSI信号的对数阴影衰减模型求解路径衰减因子和环境参量,建立RSSI信号传输模型。在模拟巷道中阶梯部署通信节点,通过高斯混合滤波模型对未知节点接收到的RSSI值进行聚类分析,根据高斯混合滤波后的分布模型得出未知节点的定位坐标。结果表明:改进滤波定位算法的定位精度集中在0.67 m左右,优于粒子滤波算法和卡尔曼滤波定位算法,可实现煤矿井下人员精确定位。

A comparative study of hydrothermal aging effect on cerium and lanthanum doped Cu/SSZ-13 catalysts for NH_(3)-SCR

Ce-or La-doped Cu/SSZ-13 catalysts were prepared by a hydrothermal method and Cu,Ce or La ions were incorporated through stepwise ion exchange,The catalyst activity was measured for the ammonia selective catalytic reduction reaction.The structure and composition of catalyst were characterized by using X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry solid-state NMR,NH_(3)-TPD techniques,and the active components were examined by XPS and XANES.The results indicate that the Ce and La doping can both completely preserve the SCR activity of Cu/SSZ-13 above 300℃,but there is also a decrease of activity below 200℃.On the other hand,Ce doping is beneficial to the formation of framework aluminum,stabilizes molecular sieve framework and Cu active sites of Cu/SSZ-13,thereby improves the catalyst hydrothermal stability.But La doping will decrease the amount of framework aluminum and Cu active sites of Cu/SSZ-13 after hydrothermally aging,even destroy zeolite CHA structure.This is quite harmful to the catalyst hydrothermal stability.