不同氮肥运筹下2种主栽粳稻生长发育和加工品质的差异

水稻是世界上重要粮食作物之一,水稻的生长发育、产量和稻米品质都很容易受到氮素的影响。本文以江苏省主栽常规粳稻品种武运粳23号和宁粳3号为研究材料,采用裂区试验设计,研究不同施氮水平(0、75、150、225、300 kg/hm^(2))对2个水稻品种的生长发育及加工品质的影响。结果发现:施氮肥处理增加了水稻植株的株高、茎蘖数、上3叶叶色值、干物质重、产量,提高了水稻的加工品质,但施用氮肥量越大,水稻的株高越高,而茎蘖数、干物质积累量、产量则会降低,同时,施氮量的增加提高了水稻的糙米率、精米率和整精米率,但过高反而降低了精米率和整精米率,综合生长发育指标和稻米加工指标,施氮肥量在N3(150 kg/hm^(2))处理下表现较优;不同品种对氮素的响应不同,武运粳23号株高、茎蘖数、叶色值、有效穗数、穗粒数、理论产量、糙米率和精米率低于宁粳3号,而千粒质量、产量、整精米率高于宁粳3号。武运粳23号和宁粳3号的产量和加工品质分别在施纯氮150 kg/hm^(2)和225 kg/hm^(2)下表现较优。

基于实时阻抗估计的析锂检测

提出一种基于动态电化学阻抗谱(DEIS)技术的锂离子电池阻抗分析的析锂检测方法。在充电电流上叠加正弦电流,实时检测电池低频阻抗虚部,当充电早期低频阻抗虚部出现谷值特征点,则表明在该条件下析锂已经发生。在多个温度和充电电流下检测了两类锂离子电池。通过电压弛豫曲线法验证了所提出的DEIS技术的有效性。实验结果表明,所提方法能够有效检测不同温度、倍率的三元锂和钴酸锂电池发生的析锂现象,可有效降低析锂发生率,支持新的快速充电方式开发以优化获得最优充电时间。

维持性血液透析患者睡眠质量的异质性与影响因素:基于潜在剖面分析

目的 探讨维持性血液透析患者睡眠质量潜在分类并分析不同分类患者睡眠质量的影响因素。方法 采用阿森斯失眠量表、家庭关怀度指数问卷以及Herth希望量表,对武汉市2所三甲医院维持性血液透析患者进行问卷调查,运用潜在剖面分析进行异质性检验,采用二元Logistic分析评估不同睡眠质量潜在类型的影响因素。结果共调查227例维持性血液透析患者,其睡眠质量分为无或轻睡眠障碍型(67.0%)和显著睡眠障碍型(33.0%)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示家庭功能[OR=0.785,95%CI(0.688,0.895),P <0.001]和希望水平[OR=0.855,95%CI(0.807,0.906),P <0.001]是维持性血液透析患者睡眠质量潜在分类的影响因素。结论 维持性血液透析患者睡眠质量存在2种潜在类别,医护人员应注重不同患者的睡眠质量特征及其影响因素,进行针对性临床指导及干预,从而改善其睡眠质量。

高炉原料硫含量与煤气硫含量相关性分析

对某钢铁高炉原料中的焦炭、喷吹煤、烧结矿硫含量进行了统计分析,同时分析了对应区间高炉煤气硫化氢、羰基硫含量,利用统计分析软件分析了高炉各原料中硫含量与高炉煤气中硫化氢、羰基硫的相关性,提出了要降低高炉煤气硫含量,需要适当降低焦炭、烧结矿的硫含量,适当提高喷吹煤中硫含量。分析的结果对支撑高炉煤气硫含量源头减排提供了数据支撑。

Cerebral arterial blood flow,attention,and executive and cognitive functions in depressed patients after acute hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage

BACKGROUND Intracerebral hemorrhage mainly occurs in middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension,and surgery is currently the main treatment for hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage,but the bleeding caused by surgery will cause damage to the patient's nerve cells,resulting in cognitive and motor dysfunction,resulting in a decline in the patient's quality of life.AIM To investigate associations between cerebral arterial blood flow and executive and cognitive functions in depressed patients after acute hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.METHODS Eighty-nine patients with depression after acute hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage who were admitted to our hospital between January 2019 and July 2021 were selected as the observation group,while 100 patients without depression who had acute hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage were selected as the control group.The attention span of the patients was assessed using the Paddle Pin Test while executive function was assessed using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST)and cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MoCA).The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD-24)was used to evaluate the severity of depression of involved patients.Cerebral arterial blood flow was measured in both groups.RESULTS The MoCA score,net scores I,II,III,IV,and the total net score of the scratch test in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Concurrently,the total number of responses,number of incorrect responses,number of persistent errors,and number of completed responses of the first classification in the WCST test were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group(P<0.05).Blood flow in the basilar artery,left middle cerebral artery,right middle cerebral artery,left anterior cerebral artery,and right anterior cerebral artery was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).The basilar artery,left middle cerebral artery,right middle cerebral artery,left anterior cerebral artery,and right anterior cerebral artery were positively correlated with the net and total net scores of each part of the Paddle Pin test and the MoCA score(P<0.05),and negatively correlated with each part of the WCST test(P<0.05).In the observation group,the post-treatment improvement was more prominent in the Paddle Pin test,WCST test,HAMD-24 score,and MoCA score compared with those in the pre-treatment period(P<0.05).Blood flow in the basilar artery,left middle cerebral artery,right middle cerebral artery,left anterior cerebral artery,and right anterior cerebral artery significantly improved in the observation group after treatment(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Impaired attention,and executive and cognitive functions are correlated with cerebral artery blood flow in patients with depression after acute hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage and warrant further study.

超亲水/超疏水表面对铜基换热性能的影响

本文主要研究了铜制件表面超亲水/超疏水处理后,对铜基表面耐腐蚀性和换热效率的影响.实验探究得到超亲水工艺条件:在1 mol/L NaOH和0.5 mol/L NH4Cl混合溶液中与2.0 mA/cm^(2)的电流密度下电沉积30 min,得到最佳亲水角5°的氢氧化铜纳米线层超亲水膜.超疏水最佳工艺条件:在0.1 mol/L十四酸乙醇溶液中与电压30 V时电沉积时间60 min,得到最佳疏水角158°的十四醋酸铜超疏水膜.通过塔菲尔曲线分析了超亲水/超疏水铜基表面的耐腐蚀性能,结果表明超亲水/超疏水铜表面具有更加优异的耐腐蚀性能,分别提升了4个和2个数量级.通过此方法处理铜基表面,发现其冷凝水量明显增加,换热效率提升了38.3%,强化了铜基表面的换热,增强了换热效率,可用于铜基换热器的表面处理.

Longitudinal changes in body weight of breastfeeding mothers in the first year after delivery and its relationship with human milk composition:a combined longitudinal and cross-sectional cohort study

Objective:Postpartum weight retention(PPWR)is a common problem among women after childbirth.The main objectives of this study are to understand the changes in body weight of breastfeeding mothers during long-term follow-up and preliminarily explore the relationship between maternal body weight and human milk composition,including macronutrients,leptin,and adiponectin.Methods:The study included a longitudinal cohort(122 mothers),and a cross-sectional cohort(37 mothers).The human milk,maternal weight,and dietary surveys were collected in the longitudinal cohort at different follow-up time points(1-14 days postpartum,2-4 months postpartum,5-7 months postpartum,and 12-17 months postpartum).The maternal body weight was analyzed using the responses in the survey questionnaires.A milk analyzer based on the mid-infrared spectroscopy(MIRS)was used to determine milk composition,and nutrition analysis software evaluated dietary intakes.In the cross-sectional cohort,participating mothers were asked to provide blood and human milk samples and pertinent information related to maternal body composition.Maternal body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA),while ELISA analyzed leptin and adiponectin in milk and serum.Results:At 5-7 months postpartum,the PPWR of breastfeeding mothers was(2.46±3.59)kg.At 12-17 months postpartum,the PPWR was(0.98±4.06)kg.PPWR was found to be negatively correlated with milk fat content within 14 days postpartum and positively correlated at 2-4 months postpartum.In addition,the maternal weight and body muscle mass were positively correlated with leptin and adiponectin in milk.Plasma leptin was positively correlated with the mother’s body weight,body mass index(BMI),FAT percentage,and body fat mass,while plasma adiponectin did not correlate with any parameter.The results also indicate that the PPWR did not correlate with leptin and adiponectin in plasma or milk.Conclusions:Breastfeeding mothers may retain considerable weight gain one year after delivery.Human milk composition may be related to changes in maternal body weight.Leptin and adiponectin in breast milk and leptin in plasma are associated with the maternal body composition.This study supports the notion that maternal nutritional status may affect offspring health through lactation,and future research should focus on exploring weight management of postpartum mothers.

Clinical characteristics of peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures in myopic children

AIM:To describe the characteristics of peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structure(PHOMS)in myopic children and to investigate factors associated with PHOMS.METHODS:This retrospective observational study included 101 eyes of 101 children(age≤17y)with myopia.All included patients underwent comprehensive clinical examination.Optic nerve canal parameters,including disc diameter,optic nerve head(ONH)tilt angle,and border tissue angle were measured using serial enhanced-depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(EDI-OCT).Based on the optic disc drusen consortium’s definition of PHOMS,eyes were classified as PHOMS group and non-PHOMS group.PHOMS was categorized according to height.RESULTS:Sixty-seven(66.3%)eyes were found with PHOMS.Small PHOMS could only be detected by optical coherence tomography(OCT).Medium PHOMS could be seen with blurred optic disc borders corresponding to OCT.The most frequent location of PHOMS was at the nasosuperior(91%,61 of 67 eyes)to ONH disc.The axial length and spherical equivalent were more myopic in the PHOMS group than in the non-PHOMS group(both P<0.001).ONH tilt angle was also significantly greater in PHOMS group than in non-PHOMS group[8.90(7.16-10.54)vs 3.93(3.09-5.25),P<0.001].Border tissue angle was significantly smaller in PHOMS group than in non-PHOMS group[29.70(20.90-43.81)vs 45.62(35.18-60.45),P<0.001].In the multivariable analysis,spherical equivalent(OR=3.246,95%CI=1.209-8.718,P=0.019)and ONH tilt angle(OR=3.275,95%CI=1.422-7.542,P=0.005)were significantly correlated with PHOMS.There was no disc diameter associated with PHOMS.In the linear regression analysis,border tissue angle was negatively associated with PHOMS height(β=-2.227,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:PHOMS is associated with optic disc tilt and optic disc nasal shift in myopia.Disc diameter is not a risk factor for PHOMS.The changes in ONH caused by axial elongation facilitated an understanding of the mechanism of PHOMS.

基于FPGA的多接口视频编解码系统

为进一步提高机器视觉系统的兼容性以及丰富编解码系统处理的视频格式种类,设计了基于FPGA的多接口视频编解码系统。利用异步DDR读写的原理构建编解码选择模块,完成不同视频格式的转换操作,最终系统支持PAL、HDMI、Cameralink视频的解码以及HDMI、Cameralink、LVDS视频的编码功能,同时通过对比不同视频接口的传输特性,实现了上述几种视频接口标准之间的无缝转换。该系统不仅可以作为独立的视频编解码系统,还可以通过LVDS接口连接ARM处理器,从而扩展其应用场景。实验结果表明,系统能够准确解码分辨率为720×576的PAL视频、分辨率为640×512的Cameralink视频以及分辨率为1080p的HDMI视频,并且能够通过HDMI、Cameralink、LVDS视频接口分别输出,此外,系统的各类资源消耗均未超过50%,确保了系统的高效运行。

个人-组织匹配在新入职护士工作准备度与职场适应度间的中介效应

目的探讨新入职护士(简称新护士)工作准备度与职场适应度的相关性及个人-组织匹配在两者间的中介作用。方法采用中文版毕业护士工作准备度量表、护士职场适应度量表及个人-组织匹配量表,对2所三级甲等医院的208名新护士进行问卷调查,分析工作准备度、职场适应度、个人-组织匹配间的相关性,构建结构方程分析个人-组织匹配在工作准备度与职场适应度间的中介效应。结果新护士工作准备度得分为(272.11±45.70)分,个人-组织匹配得分为(32.65±4.96)分,职场适应度得分为(60.98±8.19)分;工作准备度总分与职场适应度总分呈正相关,工作准备度总分、职场适应度总分与个人-组织匹配总分呈正相关(P<0.05)。个人-组织匹配在工作准备度与职场适应度间起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的45.36%。结论新护士的工作准备度、个人-组织匹配和职场适应度总体处于中等水平,三者间关系密切。工作准备度可直接影响新护士职场适应度,也可以通过个人-组织匹配间接影响新护士职场适应度。

基于多元统计对比分析低度清香型酒基的处理方法

从降度用水、除浊过滤技术、特殊调味酒、新食品原料等方面共筛选出16种方法并应用在清香型酒基中。采用聚类分析和相关性分析对16个样品的气相值色谱-质谱指标变化率进行对比分析,确定有些方法对低度清香型酒基的风味影响基本相同;采用主成分分析对16个样品的感官评价、总酸变化率、总酯变化率3个因素建立综合评价模型,确定最好的方法是分别添加1%的竹叶酒、低聚果糖和酱酒。

统计学科技情报“知识图谱”教学工具的构建

“新商科”概念下,针对教学需求扩大学科与产业融合信息覆盖面积,帮助学生降低知识体系成本,是统计学课程建设面临的核心挑战之一。为了使学生在知识整理过程中体验主动选择带来的个性化理解,帮助学生发掘统计学理论在新经济环境应用层面上的机遇,本文提出了一种基于科技情报“知识图谱”的教学辅助系统构建方案。该系统“建模+应用”模块中采用了基于机器学习聚类算法的LIFCW模型解决了实体节点重要性过度放大的问题。基于科技情报的节点价值判断,更利于突出新兴行业高价值节点的位置,方便后续后台服务器有针对性地形成优化信息追踪方案,帮助专业人才更有效地跟踪与分析新兴行业领域主要特征数据,判断和掌握统计学理论的应用价值。

不同陈酿期的清香型小曲酒品质对比研究

对清香型小曲酒的新酒及陈酿一至五年(共六个层级)的原酒品质进行了技术鉴定和消费者调查研究。结果表明,清香型小曲酒陈酿1年已具备小曲清香典型风格,陈酿2年已开始出现陈香,陈酿3年陈香已较明显,随着陈酿时间的增加,感官评分呈递增态势,说明小曲清香型原酒陈酿3年后质量有明显的提升。

急慢性胰腺炎免疫反应的研究进展

急慢性胰腺炎是常见的消化系统疾病。近年来免疫细胞和炎性因子在急慢性胰腺炎发病机制中的作用受到越来越多的关注。最新研究表明,巨噬细胞、高迁移率族蛋白1(HMGB1)和白细胞介素-33(IL-33)等在胰腺炎的病理进程中发挥着重要作用,并受到多级调控。免疫细胞不但具有感应微环境的能力,还可对内源和外源分子的危险信号做出反应,在胰腺炎的发生和演进中发挥重要作用。对胰腺炎免疫调控机制的深入解读,有望为其有效治疗策略的建立提供新的思路和潜在靶标。本文就急慢性胰腺炎相关免疫反应的研究进展作一综述。

Four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging for noninvasive diagnosis of clinically significant portal hypertension and high-risk gastroesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis

Introduction:Noninvasive diagnoses of clinically significant portal hypertension(CSPH)and high-risk gastroesophageal varices are clinically relevant but challenging.Four-dimensional(4D)flow magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)provides comprehensive flow information and is a promising alternative.This study evaluated the efficacy of 4D flow MRI as a noninvasive method for diagnosing CSPH and high-risk varices in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods:This prospective study enrolled consecutive patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis at a tertiary referral center between October 2020 and March 2021.Each participant underwent abdominal 4D flow MRI.Hemodynamic parameters within the portal vein,including the average and peak flow velocities,normalized flow volume(Q_(normal)),and regurgitant fraction(R%),were extracted and compared between healthy individuals and patients with CSPH and between participants with high-and low-risk varices.Subsequently,these parameters were incorporated into a logistic regression(LR)model refined using L1 regularization and validated using five-fold cross-validation.The diagnostic efficacy was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Results:Eighty-two participants were enrolled(71 patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis and 11 healthy individuals serving as controls).Among hemodynamic parameters,patients with CSPH exhibited a notable increase in Q_(normal)of 0.66±0.19 ml*m^(2)/[cycle*kg](P=0.001)and an R%of 1.98(2.05)(P=0.002).Similarly,patients with high-risk varices showed a higher Q_(normal)of 0.61±0.15 ml*m^(2)/[cycle*kg](P<0.001)and R%of 1.88(2.81)(P=0.006).ROC analysis revealed an area under the curve(AUC)for Q_(normal)of 0.93 and 0.91 for R%for diagnosing CSPH,while the LR model showcased a superior AUC of 0.95.For high-risk varices,Q_(normal)and R%showed AUC values of 0.75 and 0.70,respectively,whereas the LR model showed a higher AUC of 0.84.Conclusion:As a noninvasive imaging modality,4D flow MRI exhibits considerable potential for the diagnosis of CSPH and high-risk gastroesophageal varices;thus,it may minimize the reliance on invasive procedures in patients with cirrhosis.

苦荞提取物的关键香气成分分析

采用固相微萃取(SPME)结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析苦荞提取物中的挥发性成分;同时采用气相色谱-嗅闻仪(GC-O)结合香气提取稀释分析(AEDA)确定其香气活性成分,通过对香气活性成分定量并计算其香气活性值(OAV)最终确定苦荞提取物的关键性香气成分。结果显示,SPME-GC-MS在苦荞提取物中共鉴定出92种挥发性成分,包括酯类28种、醛类7种、醇类9种、酮类7种、酸类6种、烯烃8种、烷烃20种、其他类7种;经GC-O嗅闻仪共鉴定出17种香气活性化合物,定量结果显示,苯甲醇(8637.40μg/kg),苯乙醛(3150.47μg/kg)、D-柠檬烯(3080.00μg/kg)含量较高;结合稀释因子(FD)和香气活性值(OAV)推测,苯甲醛(FD=81,OAV=5)、二甲基三硫(FD=243,OAV=48)、苯甲醇(FD=81,OAV=9)、苯乙醛(FD=729,OAV=787)、丙二酸二乙酯(FD=81,OAV=1.2)5种物质对苦荞提取物的风味贡献最大,是苦荞提取物的关键香气成分。

miR-342-3p在鼻咽癌中的表达及意义

目的:探讨miR-342-3p在鼻咽癌(NPC)中的表达及其意义。方法:miRNA芯片检测人永生化鼻咽上皮细胞系NP69和低分化NPC细胞CNE2中miRNA的差异表达;实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)法检测NPC组织中miR-342-3p的表达;GO and Pathway分析miR-342-3p在NPC发生发展中可能涉及的功能及其参与的信号通路。结果:miRNA芯片结果表明,miR-342-3p在NPC细胞CNE2中低表达,qPCR结果进一步证实miR-342-3p在NPC组织中低表达;GO分析表明,具有显著差异的10个功能中,与NPC发生发展关系较为密切的是miR-342-3p。Pathway分析显示,miR-342-3p与丝裂原应激活化蛋白(MAPK)信号通路相关性较大。结论:miR-342-3p的低表达可能与NPC的发生和发展相关。

不同土地利用方式土壤碳氮含量及储量分析

以贵州省威宁县东山河小流域不同土地利用方式下表层土壤为研究对象,研究不同土地利用方式下土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)含量及其储量特征,为该小流域合理利用土地资源与评价土壤固定碳、氮的能力提供参考。通过野外采样与实验分析相结合,采用统计分析方法、线性回归模型及相关性分析,对小流域不同土地利用方式下表层土壤碳氮含量及储量的分布进行分析。结果表明:不同土地利用方式下SOC、TN含量大小依次为:草地(29.59±1.06 g/kg、2.87±0.07 g/kg)>耕地(25.73±0.93 g/kg、2.50±0.06 g/kg)>林地(23.99±1.63 g/kg、2.26±0.11 g/kg)。在该小流域中,草地SOC、TN密度分别为7.04±0.25 kg/m^2、0.68±0.02 kg/m^2,显著高于耕地与林地,SOC密度耕地(5.76±0.16 kg/m^2)最低,TN密度林地(0.55±0.03 kg/m^2)最低。SOC储量与TN储量变化规律相似,耕地(4.38×103t、4.25×102t)显著高于草地(2.18×10~3t、2.11×10~2t)与林地(1.99×10~3t、1.87×10~2t)。3类土地利用方式下SOC与TN之间具有良好的线性关系,并且其土壤碳氮比值(C/N)均在10.00左右。经相关性分析表明,3类土地利用方式下SOC、TN分别与碱解氮(AN)、C/N均呈极显著正相关。结论:东山河小流域不同土地利用方式下SOC、TN含量、密度及储量均表现出明显差异;从单位面积的碳氮储量来看,草地是小流域土地利用方式中最高的。

企业社会责任与组织韧性

Wang和Tong(2020)在其文章中总结了企业社会责任领域的最新研究进展,并提出了未来研究方向,这对于深化企业社会责任研究有着重要的指导价值。本文则沿着这一思路结合“组织韧性”这一概念展开探讨,提出“利他型社会责任”是企业构建高韧性组织的重要路径,以期拓展企业社会责任这一领域的研究。

弱海洋湍流中高斯光束的到达角起伏特性

海洋湍流引起的到达角(AOA)起伏是影响水下通信和成像系统性能的关键因素。基于通用的海洋湍流光功率谱(OTOPS),文章采用适用于弱湍流条件的Rytov近似方法推导出高斯光束的波结构函数(WSF)以及AOA起伏方差的全区间解析解,并就上述物理量及空间相干半径(SCR)在大间距(ρ?η,其中,ρ为间距,η为Kolmogorov微尺度)和小间距(ρ?η)渐近区间内的近似解进行了讨论。数值结果表明,当ρ?η时,现有结果在菲涅尔比Λ0=1附近存在较大偏差。在此基础上还分析了AOA起伏方差与ρ/η的关系。在渐近区间ρ?η内,AOA起伏方差几乎不变;当处于区间ρ≈η时,AOA起伏方差急剧减小;当处于渐近区间ρ?η时,AOA起伏方差的下降速度变得逐渐平缓。文章推导得到的结果更加准确并且适用范围更广,利用这些结果可以更好地研究高斯光束在弱海洋湍流中的传播特性。