基于楔入劈拉试验的橡胶混凝土软化本构模型

为确定橡胶混凝土的软化本构模型,对2种缝高比和5种橡胶掺量的混凝土试件进行楔入劈拉试验研究和理论分析。依据试验结果,采用规范公式及能量守恒定律计算混凝土试件的断裂韧度和断裂能,并求解出PETERSSON、欧洲混凝土规范、XU和REINHARDT3种软化曲线的相关参数。根据3种软化本构关系得到黏聚韧度理论值,并与黏聚韧度试验计算值进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:掺入适量的橡胶集料可提高混凝土的断裂失稳韧度和断裂能;3种典型的混凝土软化模型均不能很好地描述橡胶混凝土的黏聚韧度;对XU和REINHARDT软化关系式进行修正后,得到了橡胶混凝土的软化本构模型,可用于研究橡胶混凝土材料的抗裂特性。

ROS Balance Autoregulating Core-Shell CeO_(2)@ZIF-8/Au Nanoplatform for Wound Repair

Reactive oxygen species(ROS)plays important roles in living organisms.While ROS is a double-edged sword,which can eliminate drug-resistant bacteria,but excessive levels can cause oxidative damage to cells.A core–shell nanozyme,Ce O_(2)@ZIF-8/Au,has been crafted,spontaneously activating both ROS generating and scavenging functions,achieving the multifaceted functions of eliminating bacteria,reducing inflammation,and promoting wound healing.The Au Nanoparticles(NPs)on the shell exhibit high-efficiency peroxidase-like activity,producing ROS to kill bacteria.Meanwhile,the encapsulation of Ce O_(2) core within ZIF-8 provides a seal for temporarily limiting the superoxide dismutase and catalase-like activities of Ce O_(2) nanoparticles.Subsequently,as the ZIF-8 structure decomposes in the acidic microenvironment,the Ce O_(2) core is gradually released,exerting its ROS scavenging activity to eliminate excess ROS produced by the Au NPs.These two functions automatically and continuously regulate the balance of ROS levels,ultimately achieving the function of killing bacteria,reducing inflammation,and promoting wound healing.Such innovative ROS spontaneous regulators hold immense potential for revolutionizing the field of antibacterial agents and therapies.

Dual‑Atom Nanozyme Eye Drops Attenuate Inflammation and Break the Vicious Cycle in Dry Eye Disease

Dry eye disease(DED)is a major ocular pathology worldwide,causing serious ocular discomfort and even visual impairment.The incidence of DED is gradually increasing with the highfrequency use of electronic products.Although inflammation is core cause of the DED vicious cycle,reactive oxygen species(ROS)play a pivotal role in the vicious cycle by regulating inflammation from upstream.Therefore,current therapies merely targeting inflammation show the failure of DED treatment.Here,a novel dual-atom nanozymes(DAN)-based eye drops are developed.The antioxidative DAN is successfully prepared by embedding Fe and Mn bimetallic single-atoms in N-doped carbon material and modifying it with a hydrophilic polymer.The in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate the DAN is endowed with superior biological activity in scavenging excessive ROS,inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation,decreasing proinflammatory cytokines expression,and suppressing cell apoptosis.Consequently,the DAN effectively alleviate ocular inflammation,promote corneal epithelial repair,recover goblet cell density and tear secretion,thus breaking the DED vicious cycle.Our findings open an avenue to make the DAN as an intervention form to DED and ROSmediated inflammatory diseases.

Improving model performance in mapping cropland soil organic matter using time-series remote sensing data

Faced with increasing global soil degradation,spatially explicit data on cropland soil organic matter(SOM)provides crucial data for soil carbon pool accounting,cropland quality assessment and the formulation of effective management policies.As a spatial information prediction technique,digital soil mapping(DSM)has been widely used to spatially map soil information at different scales.However,the accuracy of digital SOM maps for cropland is typically lower than for other land cover types due to the inherent difficulty in precisely quantifying human disturbance.To overcome this limitation,this study systematically assessed a framework of“information extractionfeature selection-model averaging”for improving model performance in mapping cropland SOM using 462 cropland soil samples collected in Guangzhou,China in 2021.The results showed that using the framework of dynamic information extraction,feature selection and model averaging could efficiently improve the accuracy of the final predictions(R^(2):0.48 to 0.53)without having obviously negative impacts on uncertainty.Quantifying the dynamic information of the environment was an efficient way to generate covariates that are linearly and nonlinearly related to SOM,which improved the R^(2)of random forest from 0.44 to 0.48 and the R^(2)of extreme gradient boosting from 0.37to 0.43.Forward recursive feature selection(FRFS)is recommended when there are relatively few environmental covariates(<200),whereas Boruta is recommended when there are many environmental covariates(>500).The Granger-Ramanathan model averaging approach could improve the prediction accuracy and average uncertainty.When the structures of initial prediction models are similar,increasing in the number of averaging models did not have significantly positive effects on the final predictions.Given the advantages of these selected strategies over information extraction,feature selection and model averaging have a great potential for high-accuracy soil mapping at any scales,so this approach can provide more reliable references for soil conservation policy-making.

A high-entropy-designed cathode with V^(5+)-V^(2+) multi-redox for high energy density sodium-ion batteries

Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)is gifted with fast Na^(+)conductive NASICON structure.But it still suffers from low electronic conductivity and inadequate energy density.Herein,a high-entropy modification strategy is realized by doping V^(3+)site with Ga^(3+)/Cr^(3+)/Al^(3+)/Fe^(3+)/In^(3+)simultaneously(i.e.Na_(3)V_(2-x)(GaCrAlFeIn)_x(PO_(4))_(3);x=0,0.04,0.06,and 0.08)to stimulate the V^(5+)■V^(2+)reversible multi-electron redox.Such configuration high-entropy can effectively suppress the structural collapse,enhance the redox reversibility in high working voltage(4.0 V),and optimize the electronic induced effect.The in-situ X-ray powder diffraction and in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests efficaciously confirm the robust structu ral recovery and far lower polarization throughout an entire charge-discharge cycle during 1.6-4.3 V,respectively.Moreover,the density functional theory calculations clarify the stronger metallicity of high-entropy electrode than the bare that is derived from the more mobile free electrons surrounding the vicinity of Fermi level.By grace of high-entropy design and multi-electron transfer reactions,the optimal Na_(3)V_(1.7)(GaCrAlFeIn)_(0.06)(PO_(4))_(3)can exhibit perfect cycling/rate performances(90.97%@5000 cycles@30 C;112 mA h g^(-1)@10 C and 109 mA h g^(-1)@30 C,2.0-4.3 V).Furthermore,it can supply ultra-high185 mA h g^(-1)capacity with fa ntastic energy density(522 W h kg^(-1))in half-cells(1.4-4.3 V),and competitive capacity(121 mA h g^(-1))as well as energy density(402 W h kg^(-1))in full-cells(1.6-4.1 V),demonstrating enormous application potential for sodium-ion batteries.

Plasma membrane-anchored fluorescent tracker based on boron-dipyrromethene

The construction of a stable-membrane tracker has significant implications for the visualization of the membrane in live cells.However,most current plasma trackers are not suitable for tracking plasma membranes for a long time due to their limited retention time.Herein,Mem580-F-Sulfo is designed to target and anchor cell membranes and therefore track cell membranes for a longer time.This tracker is composed of a lipophilic boron-dipyrromethene(BODIPY)derivative and a hydrophilic zwitterion to form an amphiphilic structure,which enables its targeting ability toward cell membranes.Moreover,a reactive ester group is included to bind with proteins through covalent bonds in cell membranes nonspecifically,which extends retention time in cell membranes.Mem580-F-Sulfo shows intense brightness(94600),with a high molar absorption coefficient of up to about 100000 L·mol^(-1)·cm^(-1)and a fluorescence quantum yield of up to 0.97.It shows fast cell membrane targeting ability and long retention up to 90 min.In brief,this work has not only developed a tracker with good cell membrane targetability but also provided a new strategy for improving the targeting stability of cell membranes.

Pan-immune-inflammation value as a prognostic biomarker for colon cancer and its variation by primary tumor location

BACKGROUND A growing body of research indicates significant differences between left-sided colon cancers(LCC)and right-sided colon cancers(RCC).Pan-immune-inflammation value(PIV)is a systemic immune response marker that can predict the prognosis of patients with colon cancer.However,the specific distinction between PIV of LCC and RCC remains unclear.AIM To investigate the prognostic and clinical significance of PIV in LCC and RCC patients.METHODS This multicenter retrospective cohort study included 1510 patients with colon cancer,comprising 801 with LCC and 709 with RCC.We used generalized lifting regression analysis to evaluate the relative impact of PIV on disease-free survival(DFS)in these patients.Kaplan-Meier analysis,as well as univariate and multivariate analyses,were used to examine the risk factors for DFS.The correlation between PIV and the clinical characteristics was statistically analyzed in these patients.RESULTS A total of 1510 patients{872 female patients(58%);median age 63 years[interquartile ranges(IQR):54-71];patients with LCC 801(53%);median follow-up 44.17 months(IQR 29.67-62.32)}were identified.PIV was significantly higher in patients with RCC[median(IQR):214.34(121.78-386.72)vs 175.87(111.92-286.84),P<0.001].After propensity score matching,no difference in PIV was observed between patients with LCC and RCC[median(IQR):182.42(111.88-297.65)vs 189.45(109.44-316.02);P=0.987].PIV thresholds for DFS were 227.84 in LCC and 145.99 in RCC.High PIV(>227.84)was associated with worse DFS in LCC[PIV-high:Adjusted hazard ratio(aHR)=2.39;95%confidence interval:1.70-3.38;P<0.001]but not in RCC(PIV-high:aHR=0.72;95%confidence interval:0.48-1.08;P=0.114).CONCLUSION These findings suggest that PIV may predict recurrence in patients with LCC but not RCC,underscoring the importance of tumor location when using PIV as a colon cancer biomarker.

Heterogeneous information fusion recognition method based on belief rule structure

To solve the problem that the existing situation awareness research focuses on multi-sensor data fusion,but the expert knowledge is not fully utilized,a heterogeneous informa-tion fusion recognition method based on belief rule structure is proposed.By defining the continuous probabilistic hesitation fuzzy linguistic term sets(CPHFLTS)and establishing CPHFLTS distance measure,the belief rule base of the relationship between feature space and category space is constructed through information integration,and the evidence reasoning of the input samples is carried out.The experimental results show that the proposed method can make full use of sensor data and expert knowledge for recognition.Compared with the other methods,the proposed method has a higher correct recognition rate under different noise levels.

WNT7A promotes tumorigenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via activating FZD7/JAK1/STAT3 signaling

Wnt signaling are critical pathway involved in organ development, tumorigenesis, and cancer progression. WNT7A, a member of the Wnt family, remains poorly understood in terms of its role and the underlying molecular mechanisms it entails in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). According to the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), transcriptome sequencing data of HNSCC, the expression level of WNT7A in tumors was found to be higher than in adjacent normal tissues, which was validated using Real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Unexpectedly, overexpression of WNT7A did not activate the canonical Wnt-β-catenin pathway in HNSCC. Instead, our findings suggested that WNT7A potentially activated the FZD7/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway, leading to enhanced cell proliferation, self-renewal, and resistance to apoptosis. Furthermore, in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumor model, high expression of WNT7A and phosphorylated STAT3 was observed, which positively correlated with tumor progression.These findings underscore the significance of WNT7A in HNSCC progression and propose the targeting of key molecules within the FZD7/JAK1/STAT3 pathway as a promising strategy for precise treatment of HNSCC.

新质生产力背景下的创新医学人才培养路径探析

随着新质生产力成为推动社会进步的重要力量,医学领域对创新型人才的需求日益增加。文章分析了当前我国医学教育中创新意识、跨学科融合及社会需求响应方面的不足,提出了通过强化创新创业教育、完善实践教学体系、深化产学研合作、提升师资队伍实践能力等策略,促进医学人才的全面发展。通过这些举措,能够更好地培养具备创新思维、实践能力和多学科知识背景的高素质医学人才,以适应新时代医学科技发展的需求。

适用于低渗透高盐油藏的醇醚磺酸盐与甜菜碱表面活性剂复配增注体系

低渗油藏具有孔喉半径小、渗透能力低、吸水能力差等特点,导致化学驱油效果不理想。针对该问题,在十二醇中引入环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷,并经磺化得到醇醚磺酸盐(DP6E6S),构建了DP6E6S与C16羧基甜菜碱(PNC)表面活性剂的复配体系,评价了该体系的表/界面性能、老化性、吸附性、润湿性和乳化性能,并通过岩心流动实验研究了复配体系的增注性能。结果表明,PNC与DP6E6S具有较强的协同作用,与单一表面活性剂相比,可以有效降低临界胶束浓度和表面张力,提高乳液的稳定性和抗吸附性能。PNC与DP6E6S复配物质的量比为1∶1和2∶3的表面活性剂体系具备较强的抗老化性能,能在较宽的盐度范围(5%~10%)内将油水界面张力维持至10-3mN/m,在60℃下老化30 d后的油水界面张力无明显变化。随着盐度增加,由复配表面活性剂制得的乳液会经历从Winsor I到WinsorⅢ再到WinsorⅡ的相转变过程,中相乳液体积较大,乳液稳定性好。Na Cl加量为8%时,配比为1∶1和2∶3的复配表面活性剂乳液的平均粒径均达到最小值,分别为7.52、10.01μm。此外,该配比下的复配表面活性剂溶液还具有良好的增溶效果,油增溶量分别高达68、64 mL/g。具有低界面张力和高润湿角的PNC/DP6E6S复配体系有利于低渗透储层的降压增注。与水驱相比,配比为1∶1和2∶3的表面活性剂体系的降压率分别可达到28.9%和23.9%,采收率提高21.85百分点和18.92百分点。PNC、DP6E6S配比为1∶1的复配表面活性剂体系降低毛细管力的能力强于配比为2∶3的体系,降压增注效果更好。

深度学习加速器在不同剪枝策略下的运行优化

卷积神经网络在图像分析领域已经取得了巨大的成功。随着深度学习的发展,深度学习模型越来越复杂,深度学习的计算量迅速增加。稀疏化算法能在不降低准确率的前提下有效地减少深度学习的计算量。在ResNet18模型和GoogleNet模型下使用3种不同的剪枝策略减少深度学习模型的计算量。研究表明,在不减少准确率的前提下,全局非结构化剪枝策略使得ResNet18和GoogleNet模型稀疏度分别达到了94%和90%;在基本不减少准确率的情况下,层级非结构化剪枝策略使得ResNet18和GoogleNet模型稀疏度分别达到了83%和56%;在轻微降低准确率的情况下,层级结构化剪枝策略使得ResNet18和GoogleNet模型稀疏度分别达到了34%和22%。3种剪枝策略下,在Eyeriss深度学习加速器结构中运行深度学习剪枝模型。研究结果表明,相较于未剪枝策略,在ResNet模型下,使用全局非结构化剪枝策略的延迟降低了66.0%,功耗降低了60.7%;使用层级非结构化剪枝策略的延迟降低了88.1%,功耗降低了80.6%;使用层级结构化剪枝策略的延迟降低了65.6%,功耗降低了33.5%。相较于未剪枝策略,在GoogleNet模型下,使用全局非结构化剪枝策略的延迟降低了74.5%,功耗降低了63.2%;使用层级非结构化剪枝策略的延迟降低了73.6%,功耗降低了55.0%;使用层级结构化剪枝策略的延迟降低了26.8%,功耗降低了5.8%。因此,可以得出:在不降低准确率的前提下,使用全局非结构化剪枝策略能大幅度地减少模型运算的延迟和能耗;在轻微降低准确率的前提下,使用层次非结构化剪枝策略能大幅度地降低模型运算的延迟和能耗。

基于改进模糊置信规则的意图识别方法

针对传统意图识别方法只能处理某种类型不确定性信息的不足,该文结合模糊集和DS证据理论优势提出一种模糊置信规则库(BRB)信息处理方法。首先在置信规则前提部分改进了前提属性的连接关系,根据数据集统计分布特点设计了模糊集分割,选取Cauchy型分布作为隶属度函数,较好地避免置信规则无法被有效激活进而导致系统无有效输出问题;其次融合处理辨识框架内不同类别的置信分布,建立规则权重和特征权重优化模型,构建了特征空间与类别空间之间的输入输出关系;在此基础上,计算未知意图数据在相应规则模糊域的匹配度和激活度,采用置信度最大原则进行识别决策。通过实验验证、参数敏感性及结果分析、时间复杂度分析,表明该文方法可以获得比其他识别方法更高的正确率,尤其是在小样本条件下更能体现出该方法的有效性和可靠性。

Intelligent Vascularized 3D/4D/5D/6D‑Printed Tissue Scaffolds

Blood vessels are essential for nutrient and oxygen delivery and waste removal.Scaffold-repairing materials with functional vascular networks are widely used in bone tissue engineering.Additive manufacturing is a manufacturing technology that creates three-dimensional solids by stacking substances layer by layer,mainly including but not limited to 3D printing,but also 4D printing,5D printing and 6D printing.It can be effectively combined with vascularization to meet the needs of vascularized tissue scaffolds by precisely tuning the mechanical structure and biological properties of smart vascular scaffolds.Herein,the development of neovascularization to vascularization to bone tissue engineering is systematically discussed in terms of the importance of vascularization to the tissue.Additionally,the research progress and future prospects of vascularized 3D printed scaffold materials are highlighted and presented in four categories:functional vascularized 3D printed scaffolds,cell-based vascularized 3D printed scaffolds,vascularized 3D printed scaffolds loaded with specific carriers and bionic vascularized 3D printed scaffolds.Finally,a brief review of vascularized additive manufacturing-tissue scaffolds in related tissues such as the vascular tissue engineering,cardiovascular system,skeletal muscle,soft tissue and a discussion of the challenges and development efforts leading to significant advances in intelligent vascularized tissue regeneration is presented.

激光熔覆Ti-Al-N复合涂层高温氧化及摩擦磨损性能

采用激光熔覆于TC4合金表面原位合成Ti-Al-N复合涂层,对比研究复合涂层及TC4基体的高温氧化行为及宽温域下的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:复合涂层在800℃以下生成以TiO_(2)为主的多层膜,在900和1000℃下涂层氧化产物为TiO_(2)和Al_(2)O_(3)的混合氧化层,涂层表现出较好的抗高温氧化性能;由于氧化膜增厚及涂层中分布的Ti_2AlN自润滑相的作用,800℃时涂层摩擦因数降至0.2091,磨损率降至0.025×10^(-4)mm^3·N^(-1)·m^(-1)是TC4钛合金基体的1.43%。复合涂层在测试温度区间以磨粒磨损为主,高温条件下氧化物具有明显的润滑作用。

Conceptualizing the complexity of ferroptosis to treat triple-negative breast cancer:theory-to-practice

Ferroptosis,a type of regulated cell death named one decade ago,is a unique type driven by lipid peroxidation in an iron-dependent manner.Ferroptosis differs radically from apoptosis and other regulated forms of cell death in both morphology and molecular underpinning.Ferroptosis can be triggered by a variety of physiologic conditions and pathologic stresses.There has been growing interest in ferroptosis in recent years,and research on ferroptosis is productive.

Advantages and prospects of traditional Chinese medicine in treating COVID-19

Towards the end of 2019,a novel coronavirus pneumonia(coronavirus disease 19,COVID-19)caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection emerged in Wuhan.The SARS-CoV-2 virus quickly spread across the globe,seriously affecting public health and economic development of countries worldwide.Currently,antiviral drugs developed for COVID-19 lack strong clinical trial support and the high mutation rate of the virus causes difficulties in vaccine development,thus a complex and delayed large scale role out of an efficacious vaccine.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been used for treating various conditions for thousands of years and has a unique systems theory.It can be individualized into specific therapeutic regimens according to the patients’physical condition,clinical symptoms,and other distinguishing factors.In addition,TCM often has different effects at different disease stages,thus contributing to disease prevention,treatment,and rehabilitation.Existing evidence shows that TCM has efficacy in the treatment of COVID-19.The active ingredients of TCM have various pharmacological properties,including antiviral,anti-inflammatory,and immunomodulatory activity,with clinical trials showing that these prescriptions reduce symptoms of COVID-19,promote viral clearance,and ultimately improve survival in infected patients.This article discusses the advantages and mechanisms of TCM in the treatment of COVID-19,hoping to provide a reference platform in the fight against the disease.

Conversion immunotherapy for deficient mismatch repair locally unresectable colon cancer:A case report

BACKGROUND Owing to the special features of biologics,deficient mismatch repair(dMMR)in patients with colon cancer has achieved little treatment efficacy from chemoradiotherapy.Immunotherapy has shown promising results for the treatment of colon cancer.The high response rate observed suggests a great option for patients presenting with unresectable tumors,as it allows for better oncological resection.Here,we aimed to highlight the significant effects of immunotherapy on dMMR in colon cancer.CASE SUMMARY A 54-year-old man diagnosed with locally unresectable dMMR colon cancer received preoperative immunotherapy(three cycles of pembrolizumab)and achieved a pathological complete response after surgery.CONCLUSION Immunotherapy can be used as a conversion treatment for locally unresectable colon cancer with dMMR.

艾司西酞普兰联合舍曲林治疗心内科门诊焦虑/抑郁患者的疗效分析

目的探讨艾司西酞普兰与舍曲林治疗心内科门诊焦虑/抑郁患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法选取2018年8月—2019年4月中南大学湘雅医院心内科门诊中100例心理障碍并躯体化症状患者。根据不同治疗方法将患者分为艾司西酞普兰组与舍曲林组,分别采用艾司西酞普兰与舍曲林治疗,疗程8周。治疗前与治疗后第4周、第8周采用患者健康问卷躯体症状群量表(PHQ-15)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)和患者健康问卷抑郁症状群量表(PHQ-9)评定临床症状,治疗第8周采用临床疗效总评量表(CGI-GI)、副反应量表(TESS)进行疗效和副反应评定。结果两组患者治疗前、治疗后第4周、治疗后第8周PHQ-15评分比较,经重复测量设计的方差分析,结果:(1)不同时间点的PHQ-15评分有差异(F=242.604,P<0.05);(2)两组患者PHQ-15评分有差异(F=1.207,P<0.05);(3)两组患者PHQ-15评分的变化趋势无差异(F=2.400,P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前、治疗后第4周、治疗后第8周PHQ-9评分的比较,经重复测量设计的方差分析,结果如下:(1)不同时间点的PHQ-9评分有差异(F=136.784,P<0.05);(2)两组患者PHQ-9评分无差异(F=2.016,P<0.05);(3)两组患者PHQ-9评分的变化趋势有差异(F=4.013,P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前、治疗后第4周、治疗后第8周GAD-7评分比较,经重复测量设计的方差分析,结果如下:(1)不同时间点的GAD-7评分有差异(F=198.537,P<0.05);(2)两组患者GAD-7评分有差异(F=6.606,P<0.05);(3)两组患者GAD-7评分的变化趋势有差异(F=9.774,P<0.05)。艾司西酞普兰组治疗后第8周的CGI-GI较舍曲林组低(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后第8周的TESS各指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组间因副反应的退出试验率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论艾司西酞普兰与舍曲林治疗心内科门诊焦虑/抑郁患者并躯体化症状均有显著疗效及良好的安全性,但与舍曲林相比较,艾司西酞普兰疗效更加显著,且安全性相同。

基于反馈证据冲突度的概率转换

概率转换是不确定推理中的有效决策方法之一。首先,对现有概率转换公式进行分析,给出两类统一的概率转换公式。针对现有概率转换公式的给出过程较为主观,概率转换方法缺乏严密性的缺陷,提出基于反馈证据冲突度的概率转换方法。再利用遗传算法,求解最小反馈证据冲突度的转换概率。最后,将本文概率转换方法与现有的概率转换方法进行比较,结合仿真分析表明所提方法的有效性。