Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction(CO_(2)RR)over molecular catalysts is a paramount approach for CO_(2)conversion to CO.Herein,we report a novel phthalocyanine-derived catalyst synthesized by a two-step method with a muc...Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction(CO_(2)RR)over molecular catalysts is a paramount approach for CO_(2)conversion to CO.Herein,we report a novel phthalocyanine-derived catalyst synthesized by a two-step method with a much improved electroconductivity.Furthermore,the catalyst contains both Ni-N4sites and highly dispersed metallic Ni nanoclusters,leading to an increased CO_(2)RR currents by two folds.Isotope labelling study and in situ spectroscopic analysis demonstrate that the existence of metallic Ni nanoclusters is the key factor for the activity enhancement and can shift the CO_(2)RR mechanism from being electron transfer(ET)-limited(forming*COO^(-))to concerted proton-electron transfer(CPET)-limited(forming CO).展开更多
Rasagiline,a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor,and bis（propyl）-cognitin（B3C）,a novel dimer are reported to be neuroprotective.Herein,the synergistical neuroprotection produced by rasagiline and B3 C was investigated i...Rasagiline,a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor,and bis（propyl）-cognitin（B3C）,a novel dimer are reported to be neuroprotective.Herein,the synergistical neuroprotection produced by rasagiline and B3 C was investigated in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine（MPTP）-induced mice of Parkinsonism.By using neurobehavioural tests,high-performance liquid chromatography and western blot assay,we showed that B3 C at 0.3 mg/kg,rasagiline at 0.02 mg/kg,as well as co-treatment with B3 C and rasagiline prevented MPTP-induced behavioural abnormities,increased the concentrations of dopamine and its metabolites in the striatum,and up-regulated the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia nigra.However,the neuroprotective effects of co-treatment were not significantly improved when compared with those of B3 C or rasagiline alone.Collectively,we have demonstrated that B3 C at 0.3 mg/kg and rasagline at 0.02 mg/kg could not produce synergistic neuroprotective effects.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)loss,a functional cure in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)undergoing antiviral therapy,might be an ideal endpoint of antiviral treatment in clinical practice.The fact...BACKGROUND Hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)loss,a functional cure in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)undergoing antiviral therapy,might be an ideal endpoint of antiviral treatment in clinical practice.The factors that contribute to the functional cure remain unclear,and the predictors of functional cure are worth exploring.The concentration and kinetics of soluble programmed death-1(sPD-1)in patients with CHB may play an important role in elucidating the immune response associated with functional cure after nucleos(t)ide analogs therapy.AIM To investigate the factors associated with HBsAg loss and explore the influence of sPD-1 Levels.METHODS This study analyzed the data and samples from patients with CHB who underwent antiviral treatment in a non-interventional observational study conducted at Peking University First Hospital in Beijing(between 2007 and 2019).All patients were followed up:Serum samples were collected every 3 mo during the first year of antiviral treatment and every 6 mo thereafter.Patients with positive hepatitis B e antigen levels at baseline and with available sequential samples who achieved HBsAg loss during antiviral treatment served as the case group.This case group(n=11)was further matched to 44 positive hepatitis B e anti patients without HBsAg loss as controls.The Spearman’s rank correlation test and receiver operating characteristic curves analysis were performed.RESULTS The sPD-1 Levels were higher in patients with HBsAg loss than in those without HBsAg loss from baseline to month 96,and the differences were significant between the groups at baseline(P=0.0136),months 6(P=0.0003),12(P<0.0001),24(P=0.0007),48(P<0.0001),and 96(P=0.0142).After 6 mo of antiviral treatment,the sPD-1 levels were positively correlated with alanine transaminase(ALT)levels(r=0.5103,P=0.0017),and the sPD-1 levels showed apparent correlation with ALT(r=0.6883,P=0.0192)and HBV DNA(r=0.5601,P=0.0703)levels in patients with HBsAg loss.After 12 mo of antiviral treatment,the sPD-1 levels also showed apparent correlation with ALT(r=0.8134,P=0.0042)and HBV DNA(r=0.6832,P=0.0205)levels in patients with HBsAg loss.The sPD-1 levels were negatively correlated with HBsAg levels in all patients after 12 mo of antiviral treatment,especially at 24(r=-0.356,P=0.0497)and 48(r=-0.4783,P=0.0037)mo.After 6 mo of antiviral treatment,the AUC of sPD-1 for HBsAg loss was 0.898(P=0.000),whereas that of HBsAg was 0.617(P=0.419).The cut-off value of sPD-1 was set at 2.34 log pg/mL;the sensitivity and specificity were 100%and 66.7%,respectively.CONCLUSION The sPD-1 levels at 6 mo can predict HBsAg loss after 144 mo of antiviral treatment.展开更多
Cu-based catalysts have been extensively used in methanol steam reforming(MSR)reactions because of their low cost and high effi ciency.ZnO is often used in commercial Cu-based catalysts as both a structural and an ele...Cu-based catalysts have been extensively used in methanol steam reforming(MSR)reactions because of their low cost and high effi ciency.ZnO is often used in commercial Cu-based catalysts as both a structural and an electronic promoter to stabilize metal Cu nanoparticles and modify metal–support interfaces.Still,the further addition of chemical promoters is essential to further enhance the MSR reaction performance of the Cu/ZnO catalyst.In this work,CeO_(2)-doped Cu/ZnO catalysts were prepared using the coprecipitation method,and the eff ects of CeO_(2)on Cu-based catalysts were systematically investigated.Doping with appropriate CeO_(2)amounts could stabilize small Cu nanoparticles through a strong interaction between CeO_(2)and Cu,leading to the formation of more Cu+–ZnO x interfacial sites.However,higher CeO_(2)contents resulted in the formation of larger Cu nanoparticles and an excess of Cu+–CeO x interfacial sites.Consequently,the Cu/5CeO_(2)/ZnO catalyst with maximal Cu–ZnO interfaces exhibited the highest H 2 production rate of 94.6 mmolH2/(gcat·h),which was 1.5 and 10.2 times higher than those of Cu/ZnO and Cu/CeO_(2),respectively.展开更多
基金sponsored by the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning and Shanghai Sailing Program(19YF1410600)。
文摘Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction(CO_(2)RR)over molecular catalysts is a paramount approach for CO_(2)conversion to CO.Herein,we report a novel phthalocyanine-derived catalyst synthesized by a two-step method with a much improved electroconductivity.Furthermore,the catalyst contains both Ni-N4sites and highly dispersed metallic Ni nanoclusters,leading to an increased CO_(2)RR currents by two folds.Isotope labelling study and in situ spectroscopic analysis demonstrate that the existence of metallic Ni nanoclusters is the key factor for the activity enhancement and can shift the CO_(2)RR mechanism from being electron transfer(ET)-limited(forming*COO^(-))to concerted proton-electron transfer(CPET)-limited(forming CO).
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China,No.2015A030313317a grant from the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou City of China,No.2014J4100097+3 种基金partially by a grant from the Science and Technology Development Fund(FDCT) of Macao Special Administrative Region,No.134/2014/A3a grant from the Research Committee of University of Macao,No.MYRG139(Y1-L4)-ICMS12-LMY and MYRG2015-00214-ICMS-QRCMgrants from the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China,No.561011,15101014the Hong Kong Polytechnic University of China,No.G-SB10,G-UC15 and G-YBGQ
文摘Rasagiline,a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor,and bis（propyl）-cognitin（B3C）,a novel dimer are reported to be neuroprotective.Herein,the synergistical neuroprotection produced by rasagiline and B3 C was investigated in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine（MPTP）-induced mice of Parkinsonism.By using neurobehavioural tests,high-performance liquid chromatography and western blot assay,we showed that B3 C at 0.3 mg/kg,rasagiline at 0.02 mg/kg,as well as co-treatment with B3 C and rasagiline prevented MPTP-induced behavioural abnormities,increased the concentrations of dopamine and its metabolites in the striatum,and up-regulated the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia nigra.However,the neuroprotective effects of co-treatment were not significantly improved when compared with those of B3 C or rasagiline alone.Collectively,we have demonstrated that B3 C at 0.3 mg/kg and rasagline at 0.02 mg/kg could not produce synergistic neuroprotective effects.
基金Supported by The 13^(th)Five-Year Plan of Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China,No.2017ZX10302201-004-009,and No.2017ZX10203202-003Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission of Major Projects,No.D161100002716002,and No.D161100002716003.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)loss,a functional cure in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)undergoing antiviral therapy,might be an ideal endpoint of antiviral treatment in clinical practice.The factors that contribute to the functional cure remain unclear,and the predictors of functional cure are worth exploring.The concentration and kinetics of soluble programmed death-1(sPD-1)in patients with CHB may play an important role in elucidating the immune response associated with functional cure after nucleos(t)ide analogs therapy.AIM To investigate the factors associated with HBsAg loss and explore the influence of sPD-1 Levels.METHODS This study analyzed the data and samples from patients with CHB who underwent antiviral treatment in a non-interventional observational study conducted at Peking University First Hospital in Beijing(between 2007 and 2019).All patients were followed up:Serum samples were collected every 3 mo during the first year of antiviral treatment and every 6 mo thereafter.Patients with positive hepatitis B e antigen levels at baseline and with available sequential samples who achieved HBsAg loss during antiviral treatment served as the case group.This case group(n=11)was further matched to 44 positive hepatitis B e anti patients without HBsAg loss as controls.The Spearman’s rank correlation test and receiver operating characteristic curves analysis were performed.RESULTS The sPD-1 Levels were higher in patients with HBsAg loss than in those without HBsAg loss from baseline to month 96,and the differences were significant between the groups at baseline(P=0.0136),months 6(P=0.0003),12(P<0.0001),24(P=0.0007),48(P<0.0001),and 96(P=0.0142).After 6 mo of antiviral treatment,the sPD-1 levels were positively correlated with alanine transaminase(ALT)levels(r=0.5103,P=0.0017),and the sPD-1 levels showed apparent correlation with ALT(r=0.6883,P=0.0192)and HBV DNA(r=0.5601,P=0.0703)levels in patients with HBsAg loss.After 12 mo of antiviral treatment,the sPD-1 levels also showed apparent correlation with ALT(r=0.8134,P=0.0042)and HBV DNA(r=0.6832,P=0.0205)levels in patients with HBsAg loss.The sPD-1 levels were negatively correlated with HBsAg levels in all patients after 12 mo of antiviral treatment,especially at 24(r=-0.356,P=0.0497)and 48(r=-0.4783,P=0.0037)mo.After 6 mo of antiviral treatment,the AUC of sPD-1 for HBsAg loss was 0.898(P=0.000),whereas that of HBsAg was 0.617(P=0.419).The cut-off value of sPD-1 was set at 2.34 log pg/mL;the sensitivity and specificity were 100%and 66.7%,respectively.CONCLUSION The sPD-1 levels at 6 mo can predict HBsAg loss after 144 mo of antiviral treatment.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB3805504),National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078089)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M731081)+3 种基金Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research(22TQ1400100-7)the Basic Research Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(22JC1400600)Open Foundation of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shaoxing Research Institute of Renewable Energy and Molecular Engineering(Grant No.JDSX2022046)Shanghai Super Postdoctoral Fellow.
文摘Cu-based catalysts have been extensively used in methanol steam reforming(MSR)reactions because of their low cost and high effi ciency.ZnO is often used in commercial Cu-based catalysts as both a structural and an electronic promoter to stabilize metal Cu nanoparticles and modify metal–support interfaces.Still,the further addition of chemical promoters is essential to further enhance the MSR reaction performance of the Cu/ZnO catalyst.In this work,CeO_(2)-doped Cu/ZnO catalysts were prepared using the coprecipitation method,and the eff ects of CeO_(2)on Cu-based catalysts were systematically investigated.Doping with appropriate CeO_(2)amounts could stabilize small Cu nanoparticles through a strong interaction between CeO_(2)and Cu,leading to the formation of more Cu+–ZnO x interfacial sites.However,higher CeO_(2)contents resulted in the formation of larger Cu nanoparticles and an excess of Cu+–CeO x interfacial sites.Consequently,the Cu/5CeO_(2)/ZnO catalyst with maximal Cu–ZnO interfaces exhibited the highest H 2 production rate of 94.6 mmolH2/(gcat·h),which was 1.5 and 10.2 times higher than those of Cu/ZnO and Cu/CeO_(2),respectively.
