The Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)has brought numerous benefits,such as improved efficiency,smart analytics,and increased automation.However,it also exposes connected devices,users,applications,and data generated...The Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)has brought numerous benefits,such as improved efficiency,smart analytics,and increased automation.However,it also exposes connected devices,users,applications,and data generated to cyber security threats that need to be addressed.This work investigates hybrid cyber threats(HCTs),which are now working on an entirely new level with the increasingly adopted IIoT.This work focuses on emerging methods to model,detect,and defend against hybrid cyber attacks using machine learning(ML)techniques.Specifically,a novel ML-based HCT modelling and analysis framework was proposed,in which L1 regularisation and Random Forest were used to cluster features and analyse the importance and impact of each feature in both individual threats and HCTs.A grey relation analysis-based model was employed to construct the correlation between IIoT components and different threats.展开更多
Geometrical configurations play a crucial role in dual-atom catalysts(DACs)for electrocatalytic applications.Significant progress has been made to design DACs electrocatalysts with various geometri-cal configurations,...Geometrical configurations play a crucial role in dual-atom catalysts(DACs)for electrocatalytic applications.Significant progress has been made to design DACs electrocatalysts with various geometri-cal configurations,but in-depth understanding the relationship between geometrical configurations and metal-metal interaction mechanisms for designing targeted DACs is still required.In this review,the recent progress in engineering of geometrical configurations of DACs is systematically summarized.Based on the polarity of geometrical configuration,DACs can be classified into two different types that are homonuclear and heteronuclear DACs.Furthermore,with regard to the geometrical configurations of the active sites,homonuclear DACs are identified into adjacent and bridged configurations,and heteronuclear DACs can be classified into adjacent,bridged,and separated configurations.Subsequently,metal-metal interactions in DACs with different geometrical configurations are introduced.Additionally,the applications of DACs in different electrocatalytic reactions are discussed,including the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),oxygen evolution reaction(OER),hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),and other catalysis.Finally,the future challenges and perspectives for advancements in DACs are high-lighted.This review aims to provide inspiration for the design of highly effcient DACs towards energy relatedapplications.展开更多
With the development of information technology,more and more devices are connected to the Internet through wireless communication to complete data interconnection.Due to the broadcast characteristics ofwireless channe...With the development of information technology,more and more devices are connected to the Internet through wireless communication to complete data interconnection.Due to the broadcast characteristics ofwireless channels,wireless networks have suffered more and more malicious attacks.Physical layer security has received extensive attention from industry and academia.MIMO is considered to be one of the most important technologies related to physical layer security.Through beamforming technology,messages can be transmitted to legitimate users in an offset direction that is as orthogonal as possible to the interference channel to ensure the reception SINR by legitimate users.Combining the symbiotic radio(SR)technology,this paper considers a symbiotic radio antijamming MIMO system equipped with a multi-antenna system at the main base station.In order to avoid the interference signal and improve the SINR of the signal received by the user.The base station is equipped with a uniform rectangular antenna array,and using Null Space Projection(NSP)Beamforming,Intelligent Reflecting Surface(IRS)can assist in changing the beam’s angle.The simulation results show that NSP Beamforming could make a better use of the null space of interference,which can effectively improve the received SINR of users under directional interference,and improve the utilization efficiency of signal energy.展开更多
Colorectal cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate in China, with the majority of cases being middle and low rectal cancer. Surgical intervention is currently the main treatment modality for locally advanced re...Colorectal cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate in China, with the majority of cases being middle and low rectal cancer. Surgical intervention is currently the main treatment modality for locally advanced rectal cancer, with the common goal of improving oncological outcomes while preserving function. The controversy regarding the circumferential resection margin distance in rectal cancer surgery has been resolved. With the promotion of neoadjuvant therapy concepts and advancements in technology, treatment strategies have become more diverse.Following tumor downstaging, there is an increasing trend towards extending the safe distance of distal rectal margin. This provides more opportunities for patients with low rectal cancer to preserve their anal function.However, there is currently no consensus on the specific distance of distal resection margin.展开更多
Gymnodimine (GYM), a fast-acting marine toxin, is destructive to aquaculture and human health through contaminated shellfish. The current detection methods in GYM have definite drawbacks in operation, such as the dema...Gymnodimine (GYM), a fast-acting marine toxin, is destructive to aquaculture and human health through contaminated shellfish. The current detection methods in GYM have definite drawbacks in operation, such as the demand for delicate instruments and the consumption of time. Therefore, silver colloid was utilized as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) desirable substrate for sensitive and rapid detection of GYM in lake and shellfish samples. The theoretical spectrum of GYM is calculated by density functional theory (DFT), and the substrate performance is evaluated by a rhodamine 6 G probe. Under the optimal SERS experimental condition calculated by the response surface methodology, the low limit of detection of 0.105 μM with R<sup>2</sup> of 0.9873 and a broad linearity range of 0.1 - 10 μM was achieved for GYM detection. In addition, the substrate was satisfyingly applied to detect gymnodimine in the lake and shellfish matrix samples with LOD as low as 0.148 μM and 0.170 μM, respectively. These results demonstrated a promising SERS platform for detecting marine toxins in seafood for food safety and pharmaceutical research.展开更多
This study proposes a rational strategy for the design,fabrication and system integration of the humanoid intelligent display platform(HIDP)to meet the requirements of highly humanized mechanical properties and intell...This study proposes a rational strategy for the design,fabrication and system integration of the humanoid intelligent display platform(HIDP)to meet the requirements of highly humanized mechanical properties and intelligence for human-machine interfaces.The platform’s sandwich structure comprises a middle lightemitting layer and surface electrodes,which consists of silicon elastomer embedded with phosphor and silk fibroin ionoelastomer,respectively.Both materials are highly stretchable and resilient,endowing the HIDP with skin-like mechanical properties and applicability in various extreme environments and complex mechanical stimulations.Furthermore,by establishing the numerical correlation between the amplitude change of animal sounds and the brightness variation,the HIDP realizes audiovisual interaction and successful identification of animal species with the aid of Internet of Things(IoT)and machine learning techniques.The accuracy of species identification reaches about 100%for 200 rounds of random testing.Additionally,the HIDP can recognize animal species and their corresponding frequencies by analyzing sound characteristics,displaying real-time results with an accuracy of approximately 99%and 93%,respectively.In sum,this study offers a rational route to designing intelligent display devices for audiovisual interaction,which can expedite the application of smart display devices in human-machine interaction,soft robotics,wearable sound-vision system and medical devices for hearing-impaired patients.展开更多
The molded pulp,a product of three-dimensional papermaking technology,is environmentally friendly and has a low environmental impact due to its ability to decompose quickly in the natural environment after disposal.Th...The molded pulp,a product of three-dimensional papermaking technology,is environmentally friendly and has a low environmental impact due to its ability to decompose quickly in the natural environment after disposal.The application of molded pulp for food packaging can replace or reduce the use of plastic food packaging.Researchers extract fibers from plants for the production of safe and hygienic molded pulp for food packaging,and they also study and enhance the qualities of molded pulp to broaden its use in the food industry.This paper reviews the sources and varieties of plant fiber used in molded pulp for food packaging,as well as research on the improvement and optimization of the performance of molded pulp products.Additionally,issues with molded pulp’s actual use for food packaging are reviewed,along with the potential for future research.This work can serve as a reference for molded pulp applications and research in the food industry in the future.展开更多
The complete mitogenome of Parachiloglanis hodgarti was sequenced and characterized,which is the first mitogenome of the genus Parachiloglanis within Sisoridae.The mitogenome is 16511-bp long and included 13 protein-c...The complete mitogenome of Parachiloglanis hodgarti was sequenced and characterized,which is the first mitogenome of the genus Parachiloglanis within Sisoridae.The mitogenome is 16511-bp long and included 13 protein-coding genes,22 transfer RNAs,two ribosomal RNAs,and one control region.The genome composition was A+T biased(58.64%)and exhibited a positive AT-skew(0.095)and a negative GC-skew(-0.283).Compared with other Sisoridae fishes,the characteristics of nucleotide skews,codon usage,and amino acid usage of the P.hodgarti mitogenome are more similar to those of non-Glyptosternoid fishes.Furthermore,the phylogenetic trees show that Sisoridae fishes fall into four major clades and P.hodgarti(CladeⅠ)is basal to the Sisoridae family,forming a sister clade to the Glyptosternoids(CladeⅣ).The topological structures constructed in this study raised doubts over the traditional classification system.These results will help better understand the feature s of the P.hodgarti mitogenome and provide a reference for further phylogenetic research on Sisoridae species.展开更多
In this paper, a new auxiliary equation method is proposed. Combined with the mapping method, abundant periodic wave solutions for generalized Klein-Gordon equation and Benjamin equation are obtained. They are new typ...In this paper, a new auxiliary equation method is proposed. Combined with the mapping method, abundant periodic wave solutions for generalized Klein-Gordon equation and Benjamin equation are obtained. They are new types of periodic wave solutions which are rarely found in previous studies. As <em>m</em> → 0 and <em>m</em> → 1, some new types of trigonometric solutions and solitary solutions are also obtained correspondingly. This method is promising for constructing abundant periodic wave solutions and solitary solutions of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) in mathematical physics.展开更多
Glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)is a multifunctional hormone with broad pharmacological potential to control inflammation,protect cardiovascular,kidney,and liver functions.Moreover,GLP-1 can also cross the blood-brain b...Glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)is a multifunctional hormone with broad pharmacological potential to control inflammation,protect cardiovascular,kidney,and liver functions.Moreover,GLP-1 can also cross the blood-brain barrier and bind with GLP-1R distributed in various parts of the brain,thereby reducing apoptosis caused by neuroinflammation and oxygen stress,and promoting learning,memory,cognitive function,neuroprotection,and nerve cell remodeling.However,the exact molecular pathway by which GLP-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)exerts protective effects on many organs is not fully understood,so it is a hot topic of research.In this article,the recent research on the multi-organ protection of GLP-1 is reviewed,with emphasis on the research progress in the field of nervous system and perioperative anesthesia.展开更多
Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has been a hot topic for future network development, which implements the different layers of control plane and data plane respectively. Despite providing high openness and programmab...Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has been a hot topic for future network development, which implements the different layers of control plane and data plane respectively. Despite providing high openness and programmability, the “three-layer two-interface” architecture of SDN changes the traditional network and increases the network attack nodes, which results in new security issues. In this paper, we firstly introduced the background, architecture and working process of SDN. Secondly, we summarized and analyzed the typical security issues from north to south: application layer, northbound interface, control layer, southbound interface and data layer. Another contribution is to review and analyze the existing solutions and latest research progress of each layer, mainly including: authorized authentication module, application isolation, DoS/DDoS defense, multi-controller deployment and flow rule consistency detection. Finally, a conclusion about the future works of SDN security and an idealized global security architecture is proposed.展开更多
Developing highly efficient magnetic microwave absorb-ers(MAs)is crucial,and yet challenging for anti-corrosion properties in extremely humid and salt-induced foggy environments.Herein,a dual-oxide shell of ZnO/Al_(2)...Developing highly efficient magnetic microwave absorb-ers(MAs)is crucial,and yet challenging for anti-corrosion properties in extremely humid and salt-induced foggy environments.Herein,a dual-oxide shell of ZnO/Al_(2)O_(3) as a robust barrier to FeSiAl core is introduced to mitigate corrosion resistance.The FeSiAl@ZnO@Al_(2)O_(3) layer by layer hybrid structure is realized with atomic-scale precision through the atomic layer deposition technique.Owing to the unique hybrid structure,the FeSiAl@ZnO@Al_(2)O_(3) exhibits record-high micro-wave absorbing performance in low-frequency bands covering L and S bands with a minimum reflection loss(RLmin)of-50.6 dB at 3.4 GHz.Compared with pure FeSiAl(RLmin of-13.5 dB,a bandwidth of 0.5 GHz),the RLmin value and effective bandwidth of this designed novel absorber increased up to~3.7 and~3 times,respectively.Fur-thermore,the inert ceramic dual-shells have improved 9.0 times the anti-corrosion property of FeSiAl core by multistage barriers towards corrosive medium and obstruction of the electric circuit.This is attributed to the large charge transfer resistance,increased impedance modulus|Z|0.01 Hz,and frequency time constant of FeSiAl@ZnO@Al_(2)O_(3).The research demonstrates a promising platform toward the design of next-generation MAs with improved anti-corrosion properties.展开更多
Lead(Pb)^(0) and iodine(I)^(0) point defects generated during perovskite solar cell(PSC)fabrication and photoconversion form deep band energy levels as the carriers’recombination centers.These defects not only deteri...Lead(Pb)^(0) and iodine(I)^(0) point defects generated during perovskite solar cell(PSC)fabrication and photoconversion form deep band energy levels as the carriers’recombination centers.These defects not only deteriorate device efficiency,but also facilitate chemical degradation with ion migration,resulting in restricted device lifetime.Herein,we present a novel type of phosphines as the point defects stabilizer for hybrid perovskite solar cells with enhanced performances.Three phosphines with varied side groups of tributyl,trioctyl and triphenyl are exampled as the dopants in perovskite films.The group dependent redox properties were observed in the perovskite film,dependent on their molecular weights and steric hinderances of phosphines.The partially oxidized tributyl phosphine(TBUP)with additional tributyl phosphine oxides(TBPO)is efficient in reduction of lead(Pb)^(0) and iodine(I)^(0) concentrations during the device fabrication and operation.The device with TBUP-TBPO pair showed enhanced power conversion efficiency(PCE)to 20.48% and maintain 91.7% of their initial PCEs after 500 h at 65℃ thermal annealing.Thus,this work presents an efficient route of utilize the phosphine species to reduce point defects in the perovskite film,which promoting further development of novel phosphorous additives with defects stabilization,interface passivation and encapsulation for low-cost solution processed PSCs.展开更多
We present a new type of optomechanical soft metamaterials, which is different from conventional mechanical metamaterials, in that they are simple isotropic and homogenous materials without resorting to any complex na...We present a new type of optomechanical soft metamaterials, which is different from conventional mechanical metamaterials, in that they are simple isotropic and homogenous materials without resorting to any complex nano/microstructures. This metamaterial is unique in the sense that its responses to uniaxial forcing can be tailored by programmed laser inputs to manifest different nonlinear constitutive behaviors, such as monotonic, S-shape, plateau, and non-monotonic snapping performance. To demonstrate the novel metamaterial, a thin sheet of soft material impinged by two counterpropagating lasers along its thickness direction and stretched by an in-plane tensile mechanical force is considered. A theoretical model is formulated to characterize the resulting optomechanical behavior of the thin sheet by combining the nonlinear elasticity theory of soft materials and the optical radiation stress theory. The optical radiation stresses predicted by the proposed model are validated by simulations based on the method of finite elements. Programmed optomechanical behaviors are subsequently explored using the validated model under different initial sheet thicknesses and different optical inputs, and the first- and second-order tangential stiffness of the metamaterial are used to plot the phase diagram of its nonlinear constitutive behaviors. The proposed optomechanical soft metamaterial shows great potential in biological medicine, microfluidic manipulation, and other fields.展开更多
In most fish,reproduction is seasonal or periodic under the suitable conditions.In turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)farms,one of the most economically important marine flatfish species,changes in daylength could cause chan...In most fish,reproduction is seasonal or periodic under the suitable conditions.In turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)farms,one of the most economically important marine flatfish species,changes in daylength could cause changes in the spawning time.In this study,to characterize the regulation of reproductive physiology following light signals,three melatonin receptors(Mtnr)investigated in turbot were named sm Mtnr1,sm Mtnr2,and sm Mtnr1 c.Distinct expression profiles demonstrated that Mtnr m RNAs were concentrated in the brain(as detected in the hypothalamus(Hy)and mesencephalon(Me)),gonad and eye.The most abundant Mtnr1 and Mtnr2 m RNA expression levels were detected in the central nervous system at the beginning of the breeding season,suggesting that Mtnr1 and Mtnr2 may play vital roles in the regulation of turbot gonadal development.In addition,the melatonin profiles gradually increased and reached to the highest level at the spawning stage,indicating that melatonin is a potent hormone in the regulation of fish oocyte growth and maturation.The results of this study suggested that melatonin is the primary factor that transduces the light signal and regulates the physiological functions of turbot seasonal reproduction.Moreover,the results of this study may establish a foundation for further research seeking to identify fish melatonin receptors involved in the gonadal development and gamete maturation.展开更多
Surface charge accumulation and transport on cellular polypropylene play an important role in nanogenerators,which could have a potential impact on energy harvesting and wearable devices for zero carbon energy systems...Surface charge accumulation and transport on cellular polypropylene play an important role in nanogenerators,which could have a potential impact on energy harvesting and wearable devices for zero carbon energy systems and the internet of things.Different shapes have different charge accumulation and decay characteristics of the polymer.Therefore,we studied the influence of the sample’s shape on the surface charge decay by experiment and modeling.The surface potential of square and circular cellular polypropylene was measured by a two-dimensional surface potential measurement system with electrostatic capacitive probe.The experimental result shows that the surface potential distribution of the square sample dissipates non-uniformly from the bell shape to a one-sided collapsed shape,while that of the circular sample dissipates uniformly from the bell shape to the crater-like shape.Moreover,the simulated results of the initial surface potential distributions of the square and circular cellular polypropylene are consistent with the experimental results.The investigation demonstrates that the charge transport process is correlated with the shape of the sample,which provides significant reference for designing electret material used for highly efficient nanogenerators.展开更多
文摘The Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)has brought numerous benefits,such as improved efficiency,smart analytics,and increased automation.However,it also exposes connected devices,users,applications,and data generated to cyber security threats that need to be addressed.This work investigates hybrid cyber threats(HCTs),which are now working on an entirely new level with the increasingly adopted IIoT.This work focuses on emerging methods to model,detect,and defend against hybrid cyber attacks using machine learning(ML)techniques.Specifically,a novel ML-based HCT modelling and analysis framework was proposed,in which L1 regularisation and Random Forest were used to cluster features and analyse the importance and impact of each feature in both individual threats and HCTs.A grey relation analysis-based model was employed to construct the correlation between IIoT components and different threats.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (22179062,52125202,and U2004209)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20230035)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (30922010303)the Intergovernmental Cooperation Projects in the National Key Research and Development Plan of the Ministry of Science and Technology of PRC (2022YFE0196800)
文摘Geometrical configurations play a crucial role in dual-atom catalysts(DACs)for electrocatalytic applications.Significant progress has been made to design DACs electrocatalysts with various geometri-cal configurations,but in-depth understanding the relationship between geometrical configurations and metal-metal interaction mechanisms for designing targeted DACs is still required.In this review,the recent progress in engineering of geometrical configurations of DACs is systematically summarized.Based on the polarity of geometrical configuration,DACs can be classified into two different types that are homonuclear and heteronuclear DACs.Furthermore,with regard to the geometrical configurations of the active sites,homonuclear DACs are identified into adjacent and bridged configurations,and heteronuclear DACs can be classified into adjacent,bridged,and separated configurations.Subsequently,metal-metal interactions in DACs with different geometrical configurations are introduced.Additionally,the applications of DACs in different electrocatalytic reactions are discussed,including the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),oxygen evolution reaction(OER),hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),and other catalysis.Finally,the future challenges and perspectives for advancements in DACs are high-lighted.This review aims to provide inspiration for the design of highly effcient DACs towards energy relatedapplications.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62271192)Henan Provincial Scientists Studio(GZS2022015),Central Plains Talents Plan(ZYYCYU202012173)+8 种基金National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFB2008400)the Program of CEMEE(2022Z00202B)LAGEO of Chinese Academy of Sciences(LAGEO-2019-2)Program for Science&Technology Innovation Talents in the University of Henan Province(20HASTIT022)Natural Science Foundation of Henan under Grant 202300410126Program for Innovative Research Team in University of Henan Province(21IRTSTHN015)Equipment Pre-Research Joint Research Program of Ministry of Education(8091B032129)Training Program for Young Scholar of Henan Province forColleges andUniversities(2020GGJS172)Programfor Science&Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province under Grand(22HASTIT020)and Henan Province Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(222300420006).
文摘With the development of information technology,more and more devices are connected to the Internet through wireless communication to complete data interconnection.Due to the broadcast characteristics ofwireless channels,wireless networks have suffered more and more malicious attacks.Physical layer security has received extensive attention from industry and academia.MIMO is considered to be one of the most important technologies related to physical layer security.Through beamforming technology,messages can be transmitted to legitimate users in an offset direction that is as orthogonal as possible to the interference channel to ensure the reception SINR by legitimate users.Combining the symbiotic radio(SR)technology,this paper considers a symbiotic radio antijamming MIMO system equipped with a multi-antenna system at the main base station.In order to avoid the interference signal and improve the SINR of the signal received by the user.The base station is equipped with a uniform rectangular antenna array,and using Null Space Projection(NSP)Beamforming,Intelligent Reflecting Surface(IRS)can assist in changing the beam’s angle.The simulation results show that NSP Beamforming could make a better use of the null space of interference,which can effectively improve the received SINR of users under directional interference,and improve the utilization efficiency of signal energy.
基金supported by “San Ming” Project of Shenzhen, China (No. SZSM201612051)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81972240)。
文摘Colorectal cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate in China, with the majority of cases being middle and low rectal cancer. Surgical intervention is currently the main treatment modality for locally advanced rectal cancer, with the common goal of improving oncological outcomes while preserving function. The controversy regarding the circumferential resection margin distance in rectal cancer surgery has been resolved. With the promotion of neoadjuvant therapy concepts and advancements in technology, treatment strategies have become more diverse.Following tumor downstaging, there is an increasing trend towards extending the safe distance of distal rectal margin. This provides more opportunities for patients with low rectal cancer to preserve their anal function.However, there is currently no consensus on the specific distance of distal resection margin.
文摘Gymnodimine (GYM), a fast-acting marine toxin, is destructive to aquaculture and human health through contaminated shellfish. The current detection methods in GYM have definite drawbacks in operation, such as the demand for delicate instruments and the consumption of time. Therefore, silver colloid was utilized as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) desirable substrate for sensitive and rapid detection of GYM in lake and shellfish samples. The theoretical spectrum of GYM is calculated by density functional theory (DFT), and the substrate performance is evaluated by a rhodamine 6 G probe. Under the optimal SERS experimental condition calculated by the response surface methodology, the low limit of detection of 0.105 μM with R<sup>2</sup> of 0.9873 and a broad linearity range of 0.1 - 10 μM was achieved for GYM detection. In addition, the substrate was satisfyingly applied to detect gymnodimine in the lake and shellfish matrix samples with LOD as low as 0.148 μM and 0.170 μM, respectively. These results demonstrated a promising SERS platform for detecting marine toxins in seafood for food safety and pharmaceutical research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21935002, 51973116, 52003156)the starting grant of ShanghaiTech Universitythe Double First-Class Initiative Fund of ShanghaiTech University
文摘This study proposes a rational strategy for the design,fabrication and system integration of the humanoid intelligent display platform(HIDP)to meet the requirements of highly humanized mechanical properties and intelligence for human-machine interfaces.The platform’s sandwich structure comprises a middle lightemitting layer and surface electrodes,which consists of silicon elastomer embedded with phosphor and silk fibroin ionoelastomer,respectively.Both materials are highly stretchable and resilient,endowing the HIDP with skin-like mechanical properties and applicability in various extreme environments and complex mechanical stimulations.Furthermore,by establishing the numerical correlation between the amplitude change of animal sounds and the brightness variation,the HIDP realizes audiovisual interaction and successful identification of animal species with the aid of Internet of Things(IoT)and machine learning techniques.The accuracy of species identification reaches about 100%for 200 rounds of random testing.Additionally,the HIDP can recognize animal species and their corresponding frequencies by analyzing sound characteristics,displaying real-time results with an accuracy of approximately 99%and 93%,respectively.In sum,this study offers a rational route to designing intelligent display devices for audiovisual interaction,which can expedite the application of smart display devices in human-machine interaction,soft robotics,wearable sound-vision system and medical devices for hearing-impaired patients.
基金supported by the Special Funds for Fundamental Scientific Research Funds of Central Universities(JUSRP21115)Independent Research Project Funding Project of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment Technology(FMZ201902).
文摘The molded pulp,a product of three-dimensional papermaking technology,is environmentally friendly and has a low environmental impact due to its ability to decompose quickly in the natural environment after disposal.The application of molded pulp for food packaging can replace or reduce the use of plastic food packaging.Researchers extract fibers from plants for the production of safe and hygienic molded pulp for food packaging,and they also study and enhance the qualities of molded pulp to broaden its use in the food industry.This paper reviews the sources and varieties of plant fiber used in molded pulp for food packaging,as well as research on the improvement and optimization of the performance of molded pulp products.Additionally,issues with molded pulp’s actual use for food packaging are reviewed,along with the potential for future research.This work can serve as a reference for molded pulp applications and research in the food industry in the future.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41806156,31702321)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.LY22D060001,LY20C190008)+4 种基金the Fund of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment(No.FEEL-2021-8)the Open Foundation from Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.LMB20201005)the Science and Technology Project of Zhoushan(No.2020C21016)the Fundamental Research Funds for Zhejiang Provincial Universities and Research Institutes(No.2021J008)the Open Foundation from Marine Sciences in the First-Class Subjects of Zhejiang(Nos.20200201,20200202)。
文摘The complete mitogenome of Parachiloglanis hodgarti was sequenced and characterized,which is the first mitogenome of the genus Parachiloglanis within Sisoridae.The mitogenome is 16511-bp long and included 13 protein-coding genes,22 transfer RNAs,two ribosomal RNAs,and one control region.The genome composition was A+T biased(58.64%)and exhibited a positive AT-skew(0.095)and a negative GC-skew(-0.283).Compared with other Sisoridae fishes,the characteristics of nucleotide skews,codon usage,and amino acid usage of the P.hodgarti mitogenome are more similar to those of non-Glyptosternoid fishes.Furthermore,the phylogenetic trees show that Sisoridae fishes fall into four major clades and P.hodgarti(CladeⅠ)is basal to the Sisoridae family,forming a sister clade to the Glyptosternoids(CladeⅣ).The topological structures constructed in this study raised doubts over the traditional classification system.These results will help better understand the feature s of the P.hodgarti mitogenome and provide a reference for further phylogenetic research on Sisoridae species.
文摘In this paper, a new auxiliary equation method is proposed. Combined with the mapping method, abundant periodic wave solutions for generalized Klein-Gordon equation and Benjamin equation are obtained. They are new types of periodic wave solutions which are rarely found in previous studies. As <em>m</em> → 0 and <em>m</em> → 1, some new types of trigonometric solutions and solitary solutions are also obtained correspondingly. This method is promising for constructing abundant periodic wave solutions and solitary solutions of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) in mathematical physics.
基金Shanxi Youth Science and Technology Research Foundation(2019041035-3).
文摘Glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)is a multifunctional hormone with broad pharmacological potential to control inflammation,protect cardiovascular,kidney,and liver functions.Moreover,GLP-1 can also cross the blood-brain barrier and bind with GLP-1R distributed in various parts of the brain,thereby reducing apoptosis caused by neuroinflammation and oxygen stress,and promoting learning,memory,cognitive function,neuroprotection,and nerve cell remodeling.However,the exact molecular pathway by which GLP-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)exerts protective effects on many organs is not fully understood,so it is a hot topic of research.In this article,the recent research on the multi-organ protection of GLP-1 is reviewed,with emphasis on the research progress in the field of nervous system and perioperative anesthesia.
基金supported by the Wuhan Frontier Program of Application Foundation (No.2018010401011295)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (“863” Program) (Grant No. 2015AA016002)
文摘Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has been a hot topic for future network development, which implements the different layers of control plane and data plane respectively. Despite providing high openness and programmability, the “three-layer two-interface” architecture of SDN changes the traditional network and increases the network attack nodes, which results in new security issues. In this paper, we firstly introduced the background, architecture and working process of SDN. Secondly, we summarized and analyzed the typical security issues from north to south: application layer, northbound interface, control layer, southbound interface and data layer. Another contribution is to review and analyze the existing solutions and latest research progress of each layer, mainly including: authorized authentication module, application isolation, DoS/DDoS defense, multi-controller deployment and flow rule consistency detection. Finally, a conclusion about the future works of SDN security and an idealized global security architecture is proposed.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51972045,5197021414)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Chinese Central Universities,China(No.ZYGX2019J025)+4 种基金Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2020JDRC0015 and No.2020JDRC0045)Sichuan Science and Technology Innovation Talent Project(No.2021JDRC0021)the Vice-Chancellor fellowship scheme at RMIT Universitythe RMIT Micro Nano Research Facility(MNRF)in the Victorian node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility(ANFF)the RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility(RMMF)to support this work。
文摘Developing highly efficient magnetic microwave absorb-ers(MAs)is crucial,and yet challenging for anti-corrosion properties in extremely humid and salt-induced foggy environments.Herein,a dual-oxide shell of ZnO/Al_(2)O_(3) as a robust barrier to FeSiAl core is introduced to mitigate corrosion resistance.The FeSiAl@ZnO@Al_(2)O_(3) layer by layer hybrid structure is realized with atomic-scale precision through the atomic layer deposition technique.Owing to the unique hybrid structure,the FeSiAl@ZnO@Al_(2)O_(3) exhibits record-high micro-wave absorbing performance in low-frequency bands covering L and S bands with a minimum reflection loss(RLmin)of-50.6 dB at 3.4 GHz.Compared with pure FeSiAl(RLmin of-13.5 dB,a bandwidth of 0.5 GHz),the RLmin value and effective bandwidth of this designed novel absorber increased up to~3.7 and~3 times,respectively.Fur-thermore,the inert ceramic dual-shells have improved 9.0 times the anti-corrosion property of FeSiAl core by multistage barriers towards corrosive medium and obstruction of the electric circuit.This is attributed to the large charge transfer resistance,increased impedance modulus|Z|0.01 Hz,and frequency time constant of FeSiAl@ZnO@Al_(2)O_(3).The research demonstrates a promising platform toward the design of next-generation MAs with improved anti-corrosion properties.
基金supported financially by the National Key Research and Development Plan,China(2017YFE0131900)the National Science Foundation of China(NSFC 51672202,21875178)+1 种基金the Technological Innovation Key Project of Hubei Province(2018AAA048)the support the“Chutian Scholar Program”of Hubei Province,China。
文摘Lead(Pb)^(0) and iodine(I)^(0) point defects generated during perovskite solar cell(PSC)fabrication and photoconversion form deep band energy levels as the carriers’recombination centers.These defects not only deteriorate device efficiency,but also facilitate chemical degradation with ion migration,resulting in restricted device lifetime.Herein,we present a novel type of phosphines as the point defects stabilizer for hybrid perovskite solar cells with enhanced performances.Three phosphines with varied side groups of tributyl,trioctyl and triphenyl are exampled as the dopants in perovskite films.The group dependent redox properties were observed in the perovskite film,dependent on their molecular weights and steric hinderances of phosphines.The partially oxidized tributyl phosphine(TBUP)with additional tributyl phosphine oxides(TBPO)is efficient in reduction of lead(Pb)^(0) and iodine(I)^(0) concentrations during the device fabrication and operation.The device with TBUP-TBPO pair showed enhanced power conversion efficiency(PCE)to 20.48% and maintain 91.7% of their initial PCEs after 500 h at 65℃ thermal annealing.Thus,this work presents an efficient route of utilize the phosphine species to reduce point defects in the perovskite film,which promoting further development of novel phosphorous additives with defects stabilization,interface passivation and encapsulation for low-cost solution processed PSCs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 51528501)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities (Grant 2014qngz12)
文摘We present a new type of optomechanical soft metamaterials, which is different from conventional mechanical metamaterials, in that they are simple isotropic and homogenous materials without resorting to any complex nano/microstructures. This metamaterial is unique in the sense that its responses to uniaxial forcing can be tailored by programmed laser inputs to manifest different nonlinear constitutive behaviors, such as monotonic, S-shape, plateau, and non-monotonic snapping performance. To demonstrate the novel metamaterial, a thin sheet of soft material impinged by two counterpropagating lasers along its thickness direction and stretched by an in-plane tensile mechanical force is considered. A theoretical model is formulated to characterize the resulting optomechanical behavior of the thin sheet by combining the nonlinear elasticity theory of soft materials and the optical radiation stress theory. The optical radiation stresses predicted by the proposed model are validated by simulations based on the method of finite elements. Programmed optomechanical behaviors are subsequently explored using the validated model under different initial sheet thicknesses and different optical inputs, and the first- and second-order tangential stiffness of the metamaterial are used to plot the phase diagram of its nonlinear constitutive behaviors. The proposed optomechanical soft metamaterial shows great potential in biological medicine, microfluidic manipulation, and other fields.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.31802319the Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou)under contract No.GML2019ZD0402+7 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program under contract No.2018YFD0901204the Major Agricultural Application Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province under contract No.SD2019YY011the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province under contract No.ZR2018BC053the Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)under contract No.2018SDKJ0502-2the Fund of China Agriculture Research System under contract No.CARS-47the Major Science and Technology for Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects(Shandong)under contract No.2019JZZY020710the Science and Technology Service Network Initiative Project under contract Nos KFZD-SW-106,ZSSD-019,2017T3017 and 2019T3022the Advanced Talents Foundation of Qingdao Agricultural University under contract No.6631119055。
文摘In most fish,reproduction is seasonal or periodic under the suitable conditions.In turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)farms,one of the most economically important marine flatfish species,changes in daylength could cause changes in the spawning time.In this study,to characterize the regulation of reproductive physiology following light signals,three melatonin receptors(Mtnr)investigated in turbot were named sm Mtnr1,sm Mtnr2,and sm Mtnr1 c.Distinct expression profiles demonstrated that Mtnr m RNAs were concentrated in the brain(as detected in the hypothalamus(Hy)and mesencephalon(Me)),gonad and eye.The most abundant Mtnr1 and Mtnr2 m RNA expression levels were detected in the central nervous system at the beginning of the breeding season,suggesting that Mtnr1 and Mtnr2 may play vital roles in the regulation of turbot gonadal development.In addition,the melatonin profiles gradually increased and reached to the highest level at the spawning stage,indicating that melatonin is a potent hormone in the regulation of fish oocyte growth and maturation.The results of this study suggested that melatonin is the primary factor that transduces the light signal and regulates the physiological functions of turbot seasonal reproduction.Moreover,the results of this study may establish a foundation for further research seeking to identify fish melatonin receptors involved in the gonadal development and gamete maturation.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.52050410346,51877031,62061136009)the Ministry of Science and Technology(No.QNJ2021041001)+3 种基金the high-level talents plan of Shaanxi provincethe‘Belt and Road Initiative’Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Smart Energy and Reliability of Transmission and Distribution Equipment of Shaanxi Provincethe Advanced Foreign Researcher Promotion Program of Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology of Japan(MEXT)Fukuoka University。
文摘Surface charge accumulation and transport on cellular polypropylene play an important role in nanogenerators,which could have a potential impact on energy harvesting and wearable devices for zero carbon energy systems and the internet of things.Different shapes have different charge accumulation and decay characteristics of the polymer.Therefore,we studied the influence of the sample’s shape on the surface charge decay by experiment and modeling.The surface potential of square and circular cellular polypropylene was measured by a two-dimensional surface potential measurement system with electrostatic capacitive probe.The experimental result shows that the surface potential distribution of the square sample dissipates non-uniformly from the bell shape to a one-sided collapsed shape,while that of the circular sample dissipates uniformly from the bell shape to the crater-like shape.Moreover,the simulated results of the initial surface potential distributions of the square and circular cellular polypropylene are consistent with the experimental results.The investigation demonstrates that the charge transport process is correlated with the shape of the sample,which provides significant reference for designing electret material used for highly efficient nanogenerators.