Seeing at a distance with multicore fibers

Images and videos provide a wealth of information for people in production and life.Although most digital information is transmitted via optical fiber,the image acquisition and transmission processes still rely heavily on electronic circuits.The development of all-optical transmission networks and optical computing frameworks has pointed to the direction for the next generation of data transmission and information processing.Here,we propose a high-speed,low-cost,multiplexed parallel and one-piece all-fiber architecture for image acquisition,encoding,and transmission,called the Multicore Fiber Acquisition and Transmission Image System(MFAT).Based on different spatial and modal channels of the multicore fiber,fiber-coupled self-encoding,and digital aperture decoding technology,scenes can be observed directly from up to 1 km away.The expansion of capacity provides the possibility of parallel coded transmission of multimodal high-quality data.MFAT requires no additional signal transmitting and receiving equipment.The all-fiber processing saves the time traditionally spent on signal conversion and image pre-processing(compression,encoding,and modulation).Additionally,it provides an effective solution for 2D information acquisition and transmission tasks in extreme environments such as high temperatures and electromagnetic interference.

通信感知一体化的信息理论极限

无线感知已成为通信产业界广泛公认的、下一代无线网络中的原生能力.通信感知一体化将通信和感知功能集成在同一个无线系统中,能够提高资源利用率,减少基础设施开销,并增强通信和感知各自的性能.通信与感知间的性能折衷是通感一体化的关键基础理论问题之一.本文首先指出通感性能极限和可达性能边界是研究通感性能折衷的重要手段,然后从容量–失真理论、基于均方误差的通感性能边界理论、基于感知等效速率的通感性能边界理论,以及面向目标检测的通感性能边界理论4个方面出发,对相关的当前研究进展进行了详细总结与分析.文中指出通感性能折衷可进一步划分为确定–随机折衷和子空间折衷,并详细讨论了现有研究工作中与之相关的结论.在此基础上,讨论了基于实际的5G NR协议与帧结构的通感性能边界理论.最后,本文对通感一体化的信息理论极限中仍需关注和进一步研究的开放问题进行了总结.

Investigation on surface roughness,residual stress and fatigue property of milling in-situ TiB_2/7050Al metal matrix composites

For higher efficiency and precision manufacturing,more and more attentions are focused on the surface roughness and residual stress of machined parts to obtain a good fatigue life.At present,the in-situ TiB_2/7050 Al metal matrix composites are widely researched due to its attractive properties such as low density,good wear resistance and improved strength.It is of great significance to investigate the machined surface roughness,residual stress and fatigue life for higher efficiency and precision manufacturing of this new kind material.In this study,the surface roughness including two-dimensional and three-dimensional roughness,residual stress and fatigue life of milling in-situ TiB_2/7050 Al metal matrix composites were analyzed.It was found from comparative investigation that the three-dimensional surface roughness would be more appropriate to represent the machined surface profile of milling particle reinforced metal matrix composites.The cutting temperature played a great role on the residual stress.However,the effect of increasing cutting force could slow down the transformation from compressive stress to tensile stress under 270°C.An exponential relationship between three-dimensional roughness and fatigue life was established and the main fracture mechanism was brittle fracture with observation of obvious shellfish veins,river pattern veins and wave shaped veins in fracture surface.

Multifunctional integration on optical fiber tips: challenges and opportunities

.The flat endface of an optical fiber tip is an emerging light-coupled microscopic platform that combines fiber optics with planar micro-and nanotechnologies.Since different materials and structures are integrated onto the endfaces,optical fiber tip devices have miniature sizes,diverse integrated functions,and low insertion losses,making them suitable for all-optical networks.In recent decades,the increasing demand for multifunctional optical fibers has created opportunities to develop various structures on fiber tips.Meanwhile,the unconventional shape of optical fibers presents challenges involving the adaptation of standard planar micro-and nanostructure preparation strategies for fiber tips.In this context,researchers are committed to exploring and optimizing fiber tip manufacturing techniques,thereby paving the way for future integrated all-fiber devices with multifunctional applications.First,we present a broad overview of current fabrication technologies,classified as“top-down,”“bottom-up,”and“material transfer”methods,for patterning optical fiber tips.Next,we review typical structures integrated on fiber tips and their known and potential applications,categorized with respect to functional structure configurations,including“optical functionalization”and“electrical integration.”Finally,we discuss the prospects for future opportunities involving multifunctional integrated fiber tips.

Label-free fiber nanograting sensor for real-time in situ early monitoring of cellular apoptosis

The achievement of functional nanomodules for subcellular label-free measurement has long been pursued in order to fully understand cellular functions.Here,a compact label-free nanosensor based on a fiber taper and zinc oxide nanogratings is designed and applied for the early monitoring of apoptosis in individual living cells.Because of its nanoscale dimensions,mechanical flexibility,and minimal cytotoxicity to cells,the sensing module can be loaded in cells for long term in situ tracking with high sensitivity.A gradual increase in the nuclear refractive index during the apoptosis process is observed,revealing the increase in molecular density and the decrease in cell volume.The strategy used in our study not only contributes to the understanding of internal environmental variations during cellular apoptosis but also provides a new platform for nonfluorescent fiber devices for investigation of cellular events and understanding fundamental cell biochemical engineering.

Analytical model of cutting force in axial ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling in-situ TiB_(2)/7050Al PRMMCs

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling has been widely applied in machining the difficultto-cut materials owing to the remarkable improvements in reducing the cutting force.However,analytical models to reveal the mechanism and predict the cutting force of ultrasonic vibrationassisted milling metal matrix composites are still needed to be developed.In this paper,an analytical model of cutting force was established for ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling in-situ TiB_(2)/7050 Al metal matrix composites.During modeling,change of motion of the cutting tool,contact of toolchip-workpiece and acceleration of the chip caused by ultrasonic vibration was considered based on equivalent oblique cutting model.Meanwhile,material properties,tool geometry,cutting parameters and vibration parameters were taken into consideration.Furthermore,the developed analytical force model was validated with and without ultrasonic vibration milling experiments on in-situ TiB_(2)/7050 Al metal matrix composites.The predicted cutting forces show to be consistent well with the measured cutting forces.Besides,the relative error of instantaneous maximum forces between the predicted and measured data is from 0.4%to 15.1%.The analytical model is significant for cutting force prediction not only in ultrasonic-vibration assisted milling but also in conventional milling in-situ TiB_(2)/7050 Al metal matrix composites,which was proved with general applicability.

Defect suppression mechanism of ultrasonic vibration-assisted drilling carbon fiber/bismaleimide composite

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted drilling(UVAD)has recently been successfully applied in the drilling of carbon fiber reinforced polymer/plastic(CFRP)due to its high reliability.Multiple defects have been observed in the CFRP drilling process which negatively affects the quality of the hole.The carbon fiber/bismaleimide(BMI)composites is an advanced kind of CFRPs with greater strength and heat resistance,having been rapidly applied in lightweight and high temperature resistant structures in the aerospace field.To suppress the defect during the drilling of carbon fiber/BMI composites,it is necessary to comprehensively understand the defect formation and suppression mechanism at different positions.In this study,the defects formation in both conventional drilling(CD)and UVAD were observed and analyzed.The variation trend in the defect factor and thrust force with the spindle speed and feed rate were acquired.The results revealed that the UVAD could significantly enhance the hole’s quality with no delamination and burr.Meanwhile,the defect suppression mechanism and thrust force in UVAD were analyzed and verified,where the method of rod chip removal affected the exit defect formation.In summary,UVAD can be considered a promising and competitive technique for drilling carbon fiber/BMI composites.