Stress urinary incontinence(SUI)is a symptom of uncontrolled urine outflow that affects millions of women worldwide[1].SUI is a significant healthcare issue that affects the quality of life of women across numerous do...Stress urinary incontinence(SUI)is a symptom of uncontrolled urine outflow that affects millions of women worldwide[1].SUI is a significant healthcare issue that affects the quality of life of women across numerous domains,including social activities,physical health,mental well-being,employment,and sexual life.展开更多
为高效利用储能资源满足电网一次调频需求,提出一种基于动态下垂系数与动态SOC基点(Dynamic Droop Coefficient and Dynamic Reference of SOC,DDC&DRSOC)的储能一次调频控制策略。提出以电网调频死区为分割边界将储能调频过程划分...为高效利用储能资源满足电网一次调频需求,提出一种基于动态下垂系数与动态SOC基点(Dynamic Droop Coefficient and Dynamic Reference of SOC,DDC&DRSOC)的储能一次调频控制策略。提出以电网调频死区为分割边界将储能调频过程划分为调频阶段与SOC恢复阶段:在调频阶段,以SOC和最大频率偏差为控制量自适应调整储能出力深度以防止储能SOC的饱和或殆尽;在SOC恢复阶段,首先提出适应负荷变化的动态SOC恢复基点调整方法,然后提出兼顾SOC恢复需求与电网承受能力的储能出力确定方法,最后设计双层模糊控制器实现动态SOC基点值和储能出力值的确定。提出3个评价指标评估一次调频效果与SOC维持效果。以某区域电网为例,在阶跃负荷扰动和连续负荷扰动下验证了所提策略的有效性。仿真结果表明所提策略SOC维持效果较对比策略提高9%,调频效果提高4%。展开更多
Objective：Few data are available on the epidemiology of HPV and cervical cancer among Chinese women younger than 25 years old.This study aimed to estimate the HPV infection rate and the prevalence of cervical intraep...Objective：Few data are available on the epidemiology of HPV and cervical cancer among Chinese women younger than 25 years old.This study aimed to estimate the HPV infection rate and the prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia（CIN） in women aged 18-25,as well as their knowledge of and attitudes towards HPV vaccination.Methods：A population-based cervical cancer screening study was conducted on women aged 18-25 in Jiangsu province in 2008.Participants provided socio-demographic,reproductive and behavioral information and completed a survey about their knowledge of and attitudes towards HPV vaccination.Women then underwent a gynecologic exam to provide two cervical exfoliated cell samples for high risk HPV DNA testing and liquid-based cytology（LBC） as well as visual inspection with acetic acid（VIA）.Women testing positive for any test were referred to colposcopy and biopsy.The gold standard for diagnosis of cervical lesions was directed or random biopsies.Results：Within the sample of 316 women,3.4% of them were diagnosed with CIN grade 2 or worse lesions and 17.1% were found to be positive for HPV DNA.Among these young women,extra-marital sexual behavior of them（OR=2.0,95%CI：1.1-3.8） or their husbands（OR=2.6,95%：1.4-4.7） were associated with an increased risk of HPV positivity.Although overall HPV awareness was low,after a brief educational intervention,98.4% reported they would electively receive HPV vaccination and would also recommend that their daughters be vaccinated.However,most urban and rural women reported their ideal maximum out-of-pocket contribution for HPV vaccination to be less than 500 RMB and 50-100 RMB,respectively.Conclusion：Our study indicates cervical disease burden is relatively high among sampled Chinese women aged 18-25.Appropriate educational interventions for female adolescents and strategies to subsidize vaccine costs are definitely needed to ensure the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns in China.展开更多
Polysaccharides are widely present in herbs with multiple activities,especially immunity regulation and metabolic benefits for metabolic disorders.However,the underlying mechanisms are not well under-stood.Functional ...Polysaccharides are widely present in herbs with multiple activities,especially immunity regulation and metabolic benefits for metabolic disorders.However,the underlying mechanisms are not well under-stood.Functional metabolomics is increasingly used to investigate systemic effects on the host by iden-tifying metabolites with particular functions.This study explores the mechanisms underlying the metabolic benefits of Astragalus polysaccharides(APS)by adopting a functional metabolomics strategy.The effects of APS were determined in eight-week high-fat diet(HFD)-fed obese mice.Then,gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry(GC–TOFMS)-based untargeted metabolomics was performed for an analysis of serum and liver tissues,and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrom-etry(LC–MS/MS)-based targeted metabolomics was performed.The potential functions of the metabo-lites were tested with in vitro and in vivo models of metabolic disorders.Our results first confirmed the metabolic benefits of APS in obese mice.Then,metabolomics analysis revealed that APS supplemen-tation reversed the HFD-induced metabolic changes,and identified 2-hydroxybutyric acid(2-HB)as a potential functional metabolite for APS activity that was significantly decreased by a HFD and reversed by APS.Further study indicated that 2-HB inhibited oleic acid(OA)-induced triglyceride(TG)accumula-tion.It was also found to stimulate the expression of proteins in lipid degradation in hepatocytes and TG lipolysis in 3T3-L1 cells.Moreover,it was found to reduce serum TG and regulate the proteins involved in lipid degradation in high-fat and high-sucrose(HFHS)-fed mice.In conclusion,our study demonstrates that the metabolic benefits of APS are at least partially due to 2-HB generation,which modulated lipid metabolism both in vitro and in vivo.Our results also highlight that functional metabolomics is practical for investigating the mechanism underlying the systemic benefits of plant polysaccharides.展开更多
Objective:We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different triage strategies for high-risk human papillomavirus(hrHPV)-positive women in primary healthcare settings in China.Methods:This study was undertaken in 11 ...Objective:We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different triage strategies for high-risk human papillomavirus(hrHPV)-positive women in primary healthcare settings in China.Methods:This study was undertaken in 11 rural and 9 urban sites.Women aged 35-64 years old were enrolled.HrHPV-positive women were randomly allocated to liquid-based cytology(LBC),visual inspection with acetic acid and Lugol’s iodine(VIA/VILI)(rural only)triage,or directly referred to colposcopy(direct COLP).At 24 months,hrHPV testing,LBC and VIA/VILI were conducted for combined screening.Results:In rural sites,1,949 hrHPV-positive women were analyzed.A total of 852,218 and 480 women were randomly assigned to direct COLP,LBC and VIA/VILI.At baseline,colposcopy referral rates of LBC or VIA/VILI triage could be reduced by 70%-80%.LBC(n=3 and n=7)or VIA/VILI(n=8 and n=26)could significantly decrease the number of colposcopies needed to detect one cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)2 or worse and CIN3+compared with direct COLP(n=14 and n=23).For the 24-month cumulative detection rate of CIN2+,VIA/VILI triage was 0.50-fold compared with LBC triage and 0.46-fold with the direct COLP.When stratified by age,baseline LBC triage+performed best(P<0.001),peaking among women aged 35-44 years(Ptrend=0.002).In urban sites,1,728 women were hrHPV genotyping test positive.A total of 408,571 and 568women were randomly assigned to direct COLP for HPV16/18+,direct COLP for other hrHPV subtypes+,and LBC triage for other hrHPV subtypes+.LBC(n=12 and n=31)significantly decreased the number of colposcopies needed to detect one CIN2+and CIN3+compared with direct COLP(n=14 and n=44).HPV16/18+increased the 24-month cumulative detection rate of CIN2+(17.89%,P<0.001).Conclusions:LBC triage for hrHPV-positive women in rural settings and direct COLP for HPV16/18+women and LBC triage for other hrHPV subtype+women in urban settings might be feasible strategies.展开更多
文摘Stress urinary incontinence(SUI)is a symptom of uncontrolled urine outflow that affects millions of women worldwide[1].SUI is a significant healthcare issue that affects the quality of life of women across numerous domains,including social activities,physical health,mental well-being,employment,and sexual life.
文摘为高效利用储能资源满足电网一次调频需求,提出一种基于动态下垂系数与动态SOC基点(Dynamic Droop Coefficient and Dynamic Reference of SOC,DDC&DRSOC)的储能一次调频控制策略。提出以电网调频死区为分割边界将储能调频过程划分为调频阶段与SOC恢复阶段:在调频阶段,以SOC和最大频率偏差为控制量自适应调整储能出力深度以防止储能SOC的饱和或殆尽;在SOC恢复阶段,首先提出适应负荷变化的动态SOC恢复基点调整方法,然后提出兼顾SOC恢复需求与电网承受能力的储能出力确定方法,最后设计双层模糊控制器实现动态SOC基点值和储能出力值的确定。提出3个评价指标评估一次调频效果与SOC维持效果。以某区域电网为例,在阶跃负荷扰动和连续负荷扰动下验证了所提策略的有效性。仿真结果表明所提策略SOC维持效果较对比策略提高9%,调频效果提高4%。
文摘Objective：Few data are available on the epidemiology of HPV and cervical cancer among Chinese women younger than 25 years old.This study aimed to estimate the HPV infection rate and the prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia（CIN） in women aged 18-25,as well as their knowledge of and attitudes towards HPV vaccination.Methods：A population-based cervical cancer screening study was conducted on women aged 18-25 in Jiangsu province in 2008.Participants provided socio-demographic,reproductive and behavioral information and completed a survey about their knowledge of and attitudes towards HPV vaccination.Women then underwent a gynecologic exam to provide two cervical exfoliated cell samples for high risk HPV DNA testing and liquid-based cytology（LBC） as well as visual inspection with acetic acid（VIA）.Women testing positive for any test were referred to colposcopy and biopsy.The gold standard for diagnosis of cervical lesions was directed or random biopsies.Results：Within the sample of 316 women,3.4% of them were diagnosed with CIN grade 2 or worse lesions and 17.1% were found to be positive for HPV DNA.Among these young women,extra-marital sexual behavior of them（OR=2.0,95%CI：1.1-3.8） or their husbands（OR=2.6,95%：1.4-4.7） were associated with an increased risk of HPV positivity.Although overall HPV awareness was low,after a brief educational intervention,98.4% reported they would electively receive HPV vaccination and would also recommend that their daughters be vaccinated.However,most urban and rural women reported their ideal maximum out-of-pocket contribution for HPV vaccination to be less than 500 RMB and 50-100 RMB,respectively.Conclusion：Our study indicates cervical disease burden is relatively high among sampled Chinese women aged 18-25.Appropriate educational interventions for female adolescents and strategies to subsidize vaccine costs are definitely needed to ensure the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns in China.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81673662 and 81873059)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar)&Shuguang Scholar (16SG36) at the Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning from Shanghai Municipal Education
文摘Polysaccharides are widely present in herbs with multiple activities,especially immunity regulation and metabolic benefits for metabolic disorders.However,the underlying mechanisms are not well under-stood.Functional metabolomics is increasingly used to investigate systemic effects on the host by iden-tifying metabolites with particular functions.This study explores the mechanisms underlying the metabolic benefits of Astragalus polysaccharides(APS)by adopting a functional metabolomics strategy.The effects of APS were determined in eight-week high-fat diet(HFD)-fed obese mice.Then,gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry(GC–TOFMS)-based untargeted metabolomics was performed for an analysis of serum and liver tissues,and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrom-etry(LC–MS/MS)-based targeted metabolomics was performed.The potential functions of the metabo-lites were tested with in vitro and in vivo models of metabolic disorders.Our results first confirmed the metabolic benefits of APS in obese mice.Then,metabolomics analysis revealed that APS supplemen-tation reversed the HFD-induced metabolic changes,and identified 2-hydroxybutyric acid(2-HB)as a potential functional metabolite for APS activity that was significantly decreased by a HFD and reversed by APS.Further study indicated that 2-HB inhibited oleic acid(OA)-induced triglyceride(TG)accumula-tion.It was also found to stimulate the expression of proteins in lipid degradation in hepatocytes and TG lipolysis in 3T3-L1 cells.Moreover,it was found to reduce serum TG and regulate the proteins involved in lipid degradation in high-fat and high-sucrose(HFHS)-fed mice.In conclusion,our study demonstrates that the metabolic benefits of APS are at least partially due to 2-HB generation,which modulated lipid metabolism both in vitro and in vivo.Our results also highlight that functional metabolomics is practical for investigating the mechanism underlying the systemic benefits of plant polysaccharides.
基金National Health Commission(formerly Health and Family Planning Commission)of China(No.201502004)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(No.2021-I2M-1-004)the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(No.2019PT320010 and No.2018PT32025)。
文摘Objective:We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different triage strategies for high-risk human papillomavirus(hrHPV)-positive women in primary healthcare settings in China.Methods:This study was undertaken in 11 rural and 9 urban sites.Women aged 35-64 years old were enrolled.HrHPV-positive women were randomly allocated to liquid-based cytology(LBC),visual inspection with acetic acid and Lugol’s iodine(VIA/VILI)(rural only)triage,or directly referred to colposcopy(direct COLP).At 24 months,hrHPV testing,LBC and VIA/VILI were conducted for combined screening.Results:In rural sites,1,949 hrHPV-positive women were analyzed.A total of 852,218 and 480 women were randomly assigned to direct COLP,LBC and VIA/VILI.At baseline,colposcopy referral rates of LBC or VIA/VILI triage could be reduced by 70%-80%.LBC(n=3 and n=7)or VIA/VILI(n=8 and n=26)could significantly decrease the number of colposcopies needed to detect one cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)2 or worse and CIN3+compared with direct COLP(n=14 and n=23).For the 24-month cumulative detection rate of CIN2+,VIA/VILI triage was 0.50-fold compared with LBC triage and 0.46-fold with the direct COLP.When stratified by age,baseline LBC triage+performed best(P<0.001),peaking among women aged 35-44 years(Ptrend=0.002).In urban sites,1,728 women were hrHPV genotyping test positive.A total of 408,571 and 568women were randomly assigned to direct COLP for HPV16/18+,direct COLP for other hrHPV subtypes+,and LBC triage for other hrHPV subtypes+.LBC(n=12 and n=31)significantly decreased the number of colposcopies needed to detect one CIN2+and CIN3+compared with direct COLP(n=14 and n=44).HPV16/18+increased the 24-month cumulative detection rate of CIN2+(17.89%,P<0.001).Conclusions:LBC triage for hrHPV-positive women in rural settings and direct COLP for HPV16/18+women and LBC triage for other hrHPV subtype+women in urban settings might be feasible strategies.
