Huang Jing (黄精 Polygonati Rhizoma, PR) was first documented as a herbal medicine in Ming Yi Bie Lu (《名医别录》 Miscellaneous Records of Famous Physicians) in China. However, there was no comprehensive review on th...Huang Jing (黄精 Polygonati Rhizoma, PR) was first documented as a herbal medicine in Ming Yi Bie Lu (《名医别录》 Miscellaneous Records of Famous Physicians) in China. However, there was no comprehensive review on the botany, traditional uses, and pharmacological effects of PR till now. In this study, the botany, traditional uses including Taoist medicine, and pharmacological effects of PR were reviewed and summarized to provide insights on drug development of PR. In Taoist medicine, PR maintains agerasia and helps prolong human life-span, and is used for fasting (Bigu). In the Zhong Guo Yao Dian (《中国药典》Chinese Pharmacopeia) version 2020, PR exerts replenishing qi and nourishing yin, invigorating the spleen, moistening the lung, and strengthening the kidney. Pharmacological studies show that PR has effects of anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-osteoporosis, anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemia, cardiomyocyte protection, immunomodulatory, and thus can be used for treatment of infertility, anti-microorganisms, and improving sleep and memory. In conclusion, PR may play a potential role for chronic disease management and health preservation and this very role deserves a more in-depth research.展开更多
Clinical Practice Guideline on Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Nonspecific low back pain was revised and released by the Standards Working Committee of World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)on October...Clinical Practice Guideline on Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Nonspecific low back pain was revised and released by the Standards Working Committee of World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)on October 9,2023.This is the first clinical practice guideline(CPG)on acupuncture and moxibustion for nonspecific low back pain approved by an international academic organization,which provides the evidence-based recommendations and practical therapeutic protocols for international acupuncture practitioners.This CPG was developed by following Grades of Recommendation,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)methodology,and the Principles of the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development.The guideline development group(GDG)from different countries,with different professions,played a critical role in the formulation of clinical questions,recommendations,and therapeutic protocols.Recommendations are the key content of a CPG and the direct answers to clinical questions.Hence,this article focuses on the recommendations of this CPG.The recommendations were formulated using the modified Delphi method and the GRADE grid rules,based on the updated systematic reviews of clinical evidence.A total of seven recommendations for ten clinical questions were formulated in this CPG,including one conditional recommendation for either the intervention or the comparison based on very low quality of evidence,and six conditional recommendations for the intervention based on very low quality of evidence.展开更多
The muonic component of the extensive air showers (EAS) is of great importance for the astroparticle physics. It carries the information about the properties of primary cosmic ray (CR) particles, such as their mass, a...The muonic component of the extensive air showers (EAS) is of great importance for the astroparticle physics. It carries the information about the properties of primary cosmic ray (CR) particles, such as their mass, and electromagnetic and hadronic nature. It provides a sensitive test for the hadronic interaction models, which are inevitable for describing the cascade shower development of cosmic rays in EAS experiments. The YangBaJing Hybrid Array (YBJ-HA) experiment has been in operation since the end of 2016. Surface detectors are used for the measurements of primary energy, angular direction and core position of a shower event, while underground muon detectors are used for measuring the density of muons at various locations. Using the data obtained by the YBJ-HA experiment,this work reports the first measurement of the lateral muon distribution for the primary cosmic ray energy in the 100TeV region. The punch-through effect is evaluated via MC simulation.展开更多
Objective: The main objective of the study is to screen the quality markers(Q-markers) for relieving oxidative stress damage and against chronic cerebral ischemia in Shunaoxin pills(SNX). Methods: The benefit effect o...Objective: The main objective of the study is to screen the quality markers(Q-markers) for relieving oxidative stress damage and against chronic cerebral ischemia in Shunaoxin pills(SNX). Methods: The benefit effect of SNX was evaluated by a rat chronic cerebral ischemia model. The main ingredients of SNX were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight, whereas its core targets and pathways around antioxidative stress were predicted by Pharm Mapper and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) analysis. Moreover, the antioxidants were screened by high-performance liquid chromatography with postcolumn derivatization system and then representative ingredients were verified by cell experiments. Results: SNX could increase expression of catalase and superoxide dismutase(SOD) as well as antagonize oxidative damage in the brain. The effects may be related to three types of antioxidant pathways, including nitrogen metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase(c GMP-PKG) signaling pathway by multiple active components regulate targets. Among them, ferulic acid and ligustilide were shown the key scavenging ability for reactive oxygen free radicals and significantly increased the contents of nitric oxide(NO), NO synthase, and SOD as well as decreased malonaldehyde. Conclusion: The oxidation resistances of biological and chemical processes in SNX to protect against cerebral oxidative stress injury were preliminary revealed by an integrated network pharmacology and antioxidant activity-guided screen system. Ferulic acid and ligustilide played a major antioxidant role that could be used as Q-markers to control the quality of SNX.展开更多
Purpose Cosmic rays up to PeV energy are believed to be generated in our galaxy.γ-rays at 100TeV energies are important probe to identify PeVtrons.Besides,γ-rays contain additional information on the propagation of ...Purpose Cosmic rays up to PeV energy are believed to be generated in our galaxy.γ-rays at 100TeV energies are important probe to identify PeVtrons.Besides,γ-rays contain additional information on the propagation of the galactic cosmic rays.Methods Diffuseγ-rays originating from the Galactic plane from 20 to 200 TeV region are studied with early 160-day data collected by YangBaJing Hybrid Array(YBJ-HA),which is a hybrid array and consists of scintillation detectors and underground muon detectors.All-distance equi-zenith angle and time-swapping methods are used to analyze the number ofγ-rays excess.Result and conclusion Because of no significant observation onγ-ray emission,Helene's method is adopted to derive the 90%confidence level upper limits on the flux of diffuse galacticγ-rays.And the limit to the ratio of the flux ofγ-rays to CRs is obtained at the order of 10^(-4),which is the current best result at these energies.展开更多
基金The study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81874356)the Open Project of Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research from Hubei University of Medicine(Nos.WDCM2018002,WDCM201917,and WDCM201918)+1 种基金the Chinese Medicine Project of Health Commission of Hubei Province(No.ZY2021010)the Foundation for Innovative Research Team of Hubei University of Medicine(No.2018YHKT01).
文摘Huang Jing (黄精 Polygonati Rhizoma, PR) was first documented as a herbal medicine in Ming Yi Bie Lu (《名医别录》 Miscellaneous Records of Famous Physicians) in China. However, there was no comprehensive review on the botany, traditional uses, and pharmacological effects of PR till now. In this study, the botany, traditional uses including Taoist medicine, and pharmacological effects of PR were reviewed and summarized to provide insights on drug development of PR. In Taoist medicine, PR maintains agerasia and helps prolong human life-span, and is used for fasting (Bigu). In the Zhong Guo Yao Dian (《中国药典》Chinese Pharmacopeia) version 2020, PR exerts replenishing qi and nourishing yin, invigorating the spleen, moistening the lung, and strengthening the kidney. Pharmacological studies show that PR has effects of anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-osteoporosis, anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemia, cardiomyocyte protection, immunomodulatory, and thus can be used for treatment of infertility, anti-microorganisms, and improving sleep and memory. In conclusion, PR may play a potential role for chronic disease management and health preservation and this very role deserves a more in-depth research.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China:2019YFC1712200,2019YFC1712203。
文摘Clinical Practice Guideline on Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Nonspecific low back pain was revised and released by the Standards Working Committee of World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)on October 9,2023.This is the first clinical practice guideline(CPG)on acupuncture and moxibustion for nonspecific low back pain approved by an international academic organization,which provides the evidence-based recommendations and practical therapeutic protocols for international acupuncture practitioners.This CPG was developed by following Grades of Recommendation,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)methodology,and the Principles of the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development.The guideline development group(GDG)from different countries,with different professions,played a critical role in the formulation of clinical questions,recommendations,and therapeutic protocols.Recommendations are the key content of a CPG and the direct answers to clinical questions.Hence,this article focuses on the recommendations of this CPG.The recommendations were formulated using the modified Delphi method and the GRADE grid rules,based on the updated systematic reviews of clinical evidence.A total of seven recommendations for ten clinical questions were formulated in this CPG,including one conditional recommendation for either the intervention or the comparison based on very low quality of evidence,and six conditional recommendations for the intervention based on very low quality of evidence.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0404202)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11635011,11761141001,11765019,11775233)
文摘The muonic component of the extensive air showers (EAS) is of great importance for the astroparticle physics. It carries the information about the properties of primary cosmic ray (CR) particles, such as their mass, and electromagnetic and hadronic nature. It provides a sensitive test for the hadronic interaction models, which are inevitable for describing the cascade shower development of cosmic rays in EAS experiments. The YangBaJing Hybrid Array (YBJ-HA) experiment has been in operation since the end of 2016. Surface detectors are used for the measurements of primary energy, angular direction and core position of a shower event, while underground muon detectors are used for measuring the density of muons at various locations. Using the data obtained by the YBJ-HA experiment,this work reports the first measurement of the lateral muon distribution for the primary cosmic ray energy in the 100TeV region. The punch-through effect is evaluated via MC simulation.
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81673637, 81473403, 81673616 and 81430095)
文摘Objective: The main objective of the study is to screen the quality markers(Q-markers) for relieving oxidative stress damage and against chronic cerebral ischemia in Shunaoxin pills(SNX). Methods: The benefit effect of SNX was evaluated by a rat chronic cerebral ischemia model. The main ingredients of SNX were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight, whereas its core targets and pathways around antioxidative stress were predicted by Pharm Mapper and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) analysis. Moreover, the antioxidants were screened by high-performance liquid chromatography with postcolumn derivatization system and then representative ingredients were verified by cell experiments. Results: SNX could increase expression of catalase and superoxide dismutase(SOD) as well as antagonize oxidative damage in the brain. The effects may be related to three types of antioxidant pathways, including nitrogen metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase(c GMP-PKG) signaling pathway by multiple active components regulate targets. Among them, ferulic acid and ligustilide were shown the key scavenging ability for reactive oxygen free radicals and significantly increased the contents of nitric oxide(NO), NO synthase, and SOD as well as decreased malonaldehyde. Conclusion: The oxidation resistances of biological and chemical processes in SNX to protect against cerebral oxidative stress injury were preliminary revealed by an integrated network pharmacology and antioxidant activity-guided screen system. Ferulic acid and ligustilide played a major antioxidant role that could be used as Q-markers to control the quality of SNX.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant:11635011,11761141001,11873005,11765019,11963004
文摘Purpose Cosmic rays up to PeV energy are believed to be generated in our galaxy.γ-rays at 100TeV energies are important probe to identify PeVtrons.Besides,γ-rays contain additional information on the propagation of the galactic cosmic rays.Methods Diffuseγ-rays originating from the Galactic plane from 20 to 200 TeV region are studied with early 160-day data collected by YangBaJing Hybrid Array(YBJ-HA),which is a hybrid array and consists of scintillation detectors and underground muon detectors.All-distance equi-zenith angle and time-swapping methods are used to analyze the number ofγ-rays excess.Result and conclusion Because of no significant observation onγ-ray emission,Helene's method is adopted to derive the 90%confidence level upper limits on the flux of diffuse galacticγ-rays.And the limit to the ratio of the flux ofγ-rays to CRs is obtained at the order of 10^(-4),which is the current best result at these energies.
