Minimally invasive interventional therapy for pain

Pain interventional therapy,known as the most promising medical technology in the 21st century,refers to clinical treatment technology based on neuroanatomy,neuroimaging,and nerve block technology to treat pain diseases.Compared with traditional destructive surgery,interventional pain therapy is considered a better and more economical choice of treatment.In recent years,a variety of minimally invasive pain interventional therapy techniques,such as neuroregulation,spinal cord electrical stimulation,intervertebral disc ablation,and intrasheath drug infusion systems,have provided effective solutions for the treatment of patients with post-herpetic neuralgia,complex regional pain syndrome,cervical/lumbar disc herniation,and refractory cancer pain.

Electronic modulation of two-dimensional bismuth-based nanosheets for electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction to formate: A review

Electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(eCO_(2) RR)has significant relevance to settle the global energy crisis and abnormal climate problem via mitigating the excess emission of waste CO_(2) and producing high-value-added chemicals.Currently,eCO_(2) RR to formic acid or formate is one of the most technologically and economically viable approaches to realize high-efficiency CO_(2) utilization,and the development of efficient electrocatalysts is very urgent to achieve efficient and stable catalytic performance.In this review,the recent advances for two-dimensional bismuth-based nanosheets(2D Bi-based NSs)electrocatalysts are concluded from both theoretical and experimental perspectives.Firstly,the preparation strategies of 2D Bi-based NSs in aspects to precisely control the thickness and uniformity are summarized.In addition,the electronic regulation strategies of 2D Bi-based NSs are highlighted to gain insight into the effects of the structure-property relationship on facilitating CO_(2) activation,improving product selectivity,and optimizing carrier transport dynamics.Finally,the considerable challenges and opportunities of 2D Bi-based NSs are discussed to lighten new directions for future research of eCO_(2) RR.

Introducing sulfur to nickel-iron selenide for high-efficiency alkaline seawater electrolysis

Seawater electrolysis is an effective way to obtain hydrogen(H_(2))in a sustainable manner.However,the lack of electrocatalysts with high activity,stability,and selectivity for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)severely hinders the development of seawater electrolysis technology.Herein,sulfur-doped nickel-iron selenide nanosheets(S-NiFeSe_(2))were prepared by an ion-exchange strategy and served as highly active OER electrocatalyst for alkaline seawater electrolysis.The overpotential is 367 m V,and it can run stably for over 50 h at 100 m A cm^(-2).Excitingly,the S-NiFeSe_(2)||Pt/C pair exhibits cell voltage of 1.54 V at 10 m A cm^(-2)under alkaline seawater conditions,which can run smoothly for 100 h without decay,and the efficiency of electricity-tohydrogen(ETH)energy conversion reaches more than 80%.Such electrode,with abundant accessible reactive sites and good corrosion resistance,is a good candidate for seawater electrolysis.Moreover,density functional theory calculations reveal that the surface sulfur atoms can activate the adjacent Ni sites and decrease the free energy changes of the associated intermediates at the adjacent Ni sites for OER,and the step of~*OH→~*O is the potential rate-limiting step.In this work,the true reactive site in nickel-iron selenides is the Ni sites,but not the Fe sites as commonly believed.

P-Ni_(4)Mo Catalyst for Seawater Electrolysis with High Current Density and Durability

Rational design of highly efficient and durable electrocatalysts with low cost to replace noblemetal based catalysts for seawater electrolysis is extremely desirable,but challenging.In this work,we demonstrate a rapid electrodeposition method by growing P-Ni_(4)Mo on the surface of the copper foam(CF)substrate to synthesize an efficient seawater electrolysis catalyst(P-Ni_(4)Mo/CF).The catalyst exhibited considerable HER performance and stability in alkaline seawater,with the overpotential as low as 260 mV at a current density of 100 mA cm^(-2).The P-Ni_(4)Mo/CF is capable of achieving 1.0 A cm^(-2) with an overpotential of 551 mV,which is slightly worse than that of the Pt/C catalyst(453 mV).Moreover,P-Ni_(4)Mo/CF demonstrates robust durability,with almost no activity loss after the durability test for more than 200 h.This work not only reports a new catalyst for seawater electrolysis,but also presents a strategy for the performance enhancement of seawater electrolysis.