Construction of N,O co-doped carbon anchored with Co nanoparticles as efficient catalyst for furfural hydrodeoxygenation in ethanol

Hydrodeoxygenation of furfural(FF)into 2-methylfuran(MF)is a significant biomass utilization route.However,designing efficient and stable non-noble metal catalyst is still a huge challenge.Herein,we reported the N,O co-doped carbon anchored with Co nanoparticles(Co-SFB)synthesized by employing the organic ligands with the target heteroatoms.Raman,electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR),electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)characterizations showed that the co-doping of N and O heteroatoms in the carbon support endows Co-SFB with enriched lone pair electrons,fast electron transfer ability,and strong metal-support interaction.These electronic properties resulted in strong FF adsorption as well as lower apparent reaction activation energy.At last,the obtained N,O co-doped Co/C catalyst showed excellent catalytic activity(nearly 100 mol%FF conversion and 94.6 mol%MF yield)and stability for in-situ dehydrogenation of FF into MF.This N,O co-doping strategy for the synthesis of highly efficient catalytic materials with controllable electronic state will provide an excellent opportunity to better understand the structure-function relationship.

Some Integral Inequalities of Simpson Type for Strongly Extended s-Convex Functions

The main purpose of this survey paper is to point out some very recent developments on Simpson’s inequality for strongly extended s-convex function. Firstly, the concept of strongly extended s-convex function is introduced. Next a new identity is also established. Finally, by this identity and H?lder’s inequality, some new Simpson type for the product of strongly extended s-convex function are obtained.

Effects of laser scanning strategies on selective laser melting of pure tungsten

Three types of scanning strategies,including the chessboard scanning strategy,the zigzag scanning strategy and the remelting scanning strategy,were conducted to study the effects of scanning strategies on surface morphology,microstructure,mechanical properties and the grain orientation of selective laser melted pure tungsten.The results showed that the pores and cracks were main defects in SLM-processed tungsten parts.The pores could be eliminated using the remelting scanning strategy.However,the cracks seemed to be inevitable regardless of the applied scanning strategies.The microstructures of SLM-processed tungsten were columnar grains and showed strong epitaxial growth along the building direction.A compressive strength of 923 MPa with an elongation of 7.7%was obtained when the zigzag scanning strategy was applied,which was the highest among the three scanning strategies.By changing the scanning strategies,the texture of SLM-processed tungsten in the direction of processing could be changed.

Development of LAG-3/FGL1 blocking peptide and combination with radiotherapy for cancer immunotherapy

Aside from antibodies,peptides show great potential as immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)due to several advantages,such as better tumor penetration and lower cost.Lymphocyte-activation gene 3(LAG-3)is an immune checkpoint which can induce T cell dysfunction through interaction with its soluble ligand fibrinogen like protein-1(FGL1).Here,we found that LAG-3 expression was higher than programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)in multiple human cancers by TCGA databases,and successfully identified a LAG-3 binding peptide LFP-6 by phage display bio-panning,which specifically blocks the interaction of LAG-3/FGL1 but not LAG-3/MHC-II.Subsequently,D-amino acids were introduced to substitute the N-and C-terminus of LFP-6 to obtain the proteolysis-resistant peptide LFP-D1,which restores T cell function in vitro and inhibits tumor growth in vivo.Further,a bispecific peptide LFOP targeting both PD-1/PD-L1 and LAG-3/FGL1 was designed by conjugating LFP-D1 with PD-1/PD-L1blocking peptide OPBP-1(8-12),which activates T cell with enhanced proliferation and IFN-γ production.More importantly,LFOP combined with radiotherapy significantly improve the T cell infiltration in tumor and elevate systemic antitumor immune response.In conclusion,we developed a novel peptide blocking LAG-3/FGL1 which can restore T cell function,and the bispecific peptide synergizes with radiotherapy to further enhance the antitumor immune response.

船舶空调系统仿真模型变工况研究

本文以某大型邮轮为依托建立1:1的变风量空调系统试验台,旨在降低船舶空调能耗。首先,通过TRNSYS软件建立完整系统的仿真模型,并对其中多个重要环节进行定量分析以验证模型的准确性,最终经过对比分析,仿真模型的最大误差均保持在10%左右,具有良好的准确性。其次,利用已验证准确性的全系统仿真模型,从冷冻水供水温度对系统的影响进行分析,提出了根据实时冷负荷计算变风量空调系统管网末端设计风量的计算的方法。得出结论,当冷冻水供水温度设定值设定为9˚C时,水系统在保证制冷量的前提下,能耗更低。

Path guided motion synthesis for Drosophila larvae

The deformability and high degree of freedom of mollusks bring challenges in mathematical modeling and synthesis of motions.Traditional analytical and statistical models are limited by either rigid skeleton assumptions or model capacity,and have difficulty in generating realistic and multi-pattern mollusk motions.In this work,we present a large-scale dynamic pose dataset of Drosophila larvae and propose a motion synthesis model named Path2Pose to generate a pose sequence given the initial poses and the subsequent guiding path.The Path2Pose model is further used to synthesize long pose sequences of various motion patterns through a recursive generation method.Evaluation analysis results demonstrate that our novel model synthesizes highly realistic mollusk motions and achieves state-of-the-art performance.Our work proves high performance of deep neural networks for mollusk motion synthesis and the feasibility of long pose sequence synthesis based on the customized body shape and guiding path.

Fast and accurate machine learning prediction of phonon scattering rates and lattice thermal conductivity

Lattice thermal conductivity is important for many applications,but experimental measurements or first principles calculations including three-phonon and four-phonon scattering are expensive or even unaffordable.Machine learning approaches that can achieve similar accuracy have been a long-standing open question.Despite recent progress,machine learning models using structural information as descriptors fall short of experimental or first principles accuracy.This study presents a machine learning approach that predicts phonon scattering rates and thermal conductivity with experimental and first principles accuracy.The success of our approach is enabled by mitigating computational challenges associated with the high skewness of phonon scattering rates and their complex contributions to the total thermal resistance.Transfer learning between different orders of phonon scattering can further improve the model performance.Our surrogates offer up to two orders of magnitude acceleration compared to first principles calculations and would enable large-scale thermal transport informatics.

啤酒腐败菌的分离鉴定和耐乙酸乳杆菌定量检测方法建立

本研究从啤酒污染样品中分离到24株细菌,经鉴定分属11个菌种。利用耐酒花基因horA、horB和horC的特异引物分析表明,不同菌株的耐酒花基因存在差别。研究中首次在啤酒样品中分离到耐乙酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acetotolerans )。利用耐酒花基因对耐乙酸乳杆菌的定量检测结果表明,检出限可以达到2.2×10^2CFU/mL。研究结果增加了啤酒腐败菌库中腐败菌的种类,为啤酒生产企业开发针对本企业腐败菌检测提供方法参考。

Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 controls M2 macrophages polarization to promote esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via AKT/GSK3β/IL-8 signaling pathway

Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygnease 2(TDO2) is specific for metabolizing tryptophan to kynurenine(KYN),which plays a critical role in mediating immune escape of cancer.Although accumulating evidence demonstrates that TDO2 overexpression is implicated in the development and progression of multiple cancers,its tumor-promoting role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) remains unclear.Here,we observed that TDO2 was overexpressed in ESCC tis sues and correlated significantly with lymph node metastasis,advanced clinical stage,and unfavorable prognosis.Functional experiments showed that TDO2 promoted tumor cell proliferation,migration,and colony formation,which could be prevented by inhibition of TDO2 and aryl hydrocarb on receptor(AHR).Further experimentation demonstrated that TDO2 could promote the tumor growth of KYSE150 tumor-bearing model,tumor burden of C57 BL/6 mice with ESCC induced by 4-NQO,enhance the expression of phosphorylated AKT,with subsequent pho sphorylation of GSK3β,and polarization of M2 macrophages by upregulating interleukin-8(IL-8) to accelerate tumor progression in the tumor microenvironment(TME).Collectively,our results discovered that TDO2 could upregulate IL-8 through AKT/GSK3β to direct the polarization of M2 macrophages in ESCC,and suggested that TDO2 could represent as an attractive therapeutic target and prognostic marker to ESCC.

Blocking of the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction by a novel cyclic peptide inhibitor for cancer immunotherapy

The interaction of PD-1/PD-L1 allows tumor cells to escape from immune surveillance.Clinical success of the antibody drugs has proven that blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy.Here,we developed a cyclic peptide C8 by using Ph.D.-C7 C phage display technology.C8 showed high binding affinity with h PD-1 and could effectively interfere the interaction of PD-1/PD-L1.Furthermore,C8 could stimulate CD8^(+)T cell activation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs).We also observed that C8 could suppress tumor growth in CT26 and B16-OVA,as well as anti-PD-1 antibody resistant B16 mouse model.CD8^(+)T cells infiltration significantly increased in tumor microenvironment,and IFN-γsecretion by CD8^(+)T cells in draining lymph nodes also increased.Simultaneously,we exploited T cells depletion models and confirmed that C8 exerted anti-tumor effects via activating CD8^(+)T cells dependent manner.The interaction model of C8 with h PD-1 was simulated and confirmed by alanine scanning.In conclusion,C8 shows anti-tumor capability by blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 interaction,and C8 may provide an alternative candidate for cancer immunotherapy.

山东渤海滨海湿地演变特征及其与人类活动相关性研究

滨海湿地是受人类活动影响最显著的地区之一,研究以山东渤海滨海地区为对象,针对1990、2000、2010、2019年遥感影像数据,运用人类活动强度模型和皮尔逊相关系数等方法,探究人类活动影响下滨海湿地演变规律,揭示人类活动与土地利用类型的一般关系,得出以下结论:(1)1990—2019年研究区湿地面积总体增加,人工湿地显著增加,自然湿地显著减少,大面积自然湿地向人工湿地转化,其中黄河三角洲是研究区内自然湿地保留最完好的地区;(2)1990—2019年人类活动强度不断增加,平均值由1990年的8.48上升至2019年的17.07,增幅为101.30%;在不同人类活动强度区,湿地对其起到的主导作用与强弱程度成反比;(3)研究期内,伴随盐田及建设用地面积的不断增加和自然湿地向其他地类的转化,人类活动中-高强度区湿地面积总量较少但不断增加,低强度区湿地面积不断减少但总量较多(;4)从各城市相关性检验结果来看,不同城市人类活动影响因素与湿地面积的相关性存在一定差异,总体上人类活动影响因素与人工湿地呈显著相关,与自然湿地呈显著负相关或不相关。研究可为山东渤海滨海地区湿地保护及应对人为过度开发湿地的行为提供科学依据和重要借鉴。

Gas template-assisted spray pyrolysis： A facile strategy to produce porous hollow Co3O4 with tunable porosity for high-performance lithium-ion battery anode materials

Porous hollow Co3O4 microspheres have been synthesized from a mixed cobalt nitrate and urea solution through spray pyrolysis followed by calcination at 600 ℃ in air. This porous hollow Co3O4 is assembled by nanoparticles and exhibits variable porosity depending on the amount of gas in the system. In pyrolysis process, urea continuously decomposes into gaseous components, which act as a template to control the porous structure. The amount of gas escaping from precursor droplets can directly influence the porosity of the microspheres and the size of the nanoparticles controlled by the ratio of urea to cobalt nitrate. Electrochemical measurements show that the performance of the porous hollow Co3O4 microspheres is related to the porosity and size of the nanopartides. The sample with optimal porosity delivers a high first charge capacity of 1,417.9 mAh·g^-1 at 0.2C （1C = 890 mA·g^-1）, and superior charge cycle performance of 1,012.7 mAh.g-1 after 100 cycles. In addition, the optimized material displays satisfactory rate performance of 1,012.4 mAh.g-1 at 1C after 50 cycles and 881.3 mAh·g^-1 at 2C after 300 cycles. Superior charge/discharge capacity, excellent rate performance and high yield achieved in this study is promising for the development of high-performance Co3O4 anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

Repeated Failure in Reward Pursuit Alters Innate Drosophila Larval Behaviors

Animals always seek rewards and the related neural basis has been well studied. However, what happens when animals fail to get a reward is largely unknown,although this is commonly seen in behaviors such as predation. Here, we set up a behavioral model of repeated failure in reward pursuit(RFRP) in Drosophila larvae. In this model, the larvae were repeatedly prevented from reaching attractants such as yeast and butyl acetate, before finally abandoning further attempts. After giving up, they usually showed a decreased locomotor speed and impaired performance in light avoidance and sugar preference,which were named as phenotypes of RFRP states. In larvae that had developed RFRP phenotypes, the octopamine concentration was greatly elevated, while tbh mutants devoid of octopamine were less likely to develop RFRP phenotypes, and octopamine feeding efficiently restored such defects. By down-regulating tbh in different groups of neurons and imaging neuronal activity, neurons that regulated the development of RFRP states and the behavioral exhibition of RFRP phenotypes were mapped to a small subgroup of non-glutamatergic and glutamatergic octopaminergic neurons in the central larval brain. Our results establish a model for investigating the effect of depriving an expected reward in Drosophila and provide a simplified framework for the associated neural basis.

SRSFs mediate the function of AR in the ovarian granulosa cells of patients with PCOS

Ovarian hyperandrogenism is one of the characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)and androgen receptor(AR)in ovarian granulosa cells(GCs)functions as an important element to the accumulation of androgens.This study verified the existence of alternative splicing variant of AR(AR-SVs)in the GCs of PCOS patients and found that the function of AR decreased significantly in the presence of AR-SVs.And compared to the normal individuals,the expression of Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2(SRSF2)was higher and the expression of SRSF3 was lower in the GCs of patients with AR-SVs.More importantly,we found that the expression of SRSF2 was inhibited and that the expression of AR was decreased after the successful upregulation of miRNA-183,and testostrone(T)concentrations in the culture medium were increased.The results also showed that the expression of SRSF3 decreased when miRNA-124 was successfully upregulated,while the expression of AR significantly increased;however,the function of AR was also inhibited when T concentration in the culture medium was increased.This study has proved that SRSFs are regulated by corresponding miRNAs,and the altered expression of SRSFs interferenced the alternative splicing process of AR and ultimately decreased the function of AR,leading to the accumulation of androgens in the ovary.