化工安全与环保课程电化学腐蚀原电池综合教学实验

本文探讨化工安全与环保课程实验教学的背景及其教育重要性,并描述课程团队如何有效利用武汉工程大学“三实一创”模式进行教学。以“电化学腐蚀原电池综合教学实验”为例,文章分析实验教学的应用和效果,总结教学成果,并对化工安全与环保领域的潜在实验教学应用提出展望,为该领域的教学实践提供理论和实证支持。

频率稳定的中红外光源

分子基频振动跃迁的精密测量具有十分重要的意义,精密中红外光源在分子基频振动跃迁的测量中至关重要.本文研制了一种高精度连续波光参量振荡器,通过将信号和泵浦光与飞秒光频梳锁定,能够将中红外闲频光的频率漂移控制在1kHz以下.本文以^(13)CO_(2)为例,测量了^(13)CO_(2)分子R(14)(00011)-(00001)谱线的饱和吸收光谱,精确测量该跃迁频率值为68786813496(29)kHz.这种频率稳定的中红外光源为分子基频振动跃迁的精密测量提供了良好的工具.

Suitability of SDN and MEC to facilitate digital twin communication over LTE-A

Haptic is the modality that complements traditional multimedia,i.e.,audiovisual,to evolve the next wave of innovation at which the Internet data stream can be exchanged to enable remote skills and control applications.This will require ultra-low latency and ultra-high reliability to evolve the mobile experience into the era of Digital Twin and Tactile Internet.While the 5th generation of mobile networks is not yet widely deployed,Long-Term Evolution(LTE-A)latency remains much higher than the 1 ms requirement for the Tactile Internet and therefore the Digital Twin.This work investigates an interesting solution based on the incorporation of Software-defined networking(SDN)and Multi-access Mobile Edge Computing(MEC)technologies in an LTE-A network,to deliver future multimedia applications over the Tactile Internet while overcoming the QoS challenges.Several network scenarios were designed and simulated using Riverbed modeler and the performance was evaluated using several time-related Key Performance Indicators(KPIs)such as throughput,End-2-End(E2E)delay,and jitter.The best scenario possible is clearly the one integrating MEC and SDN approaches,where the overall delay,jitter,and throughput for haptics-attained 2 ms,0.01 ms,and 1000 packets per second.The results obtained give clear evidence that the integration of,both SDN and MEC,in LTE-A indicates performance improvement,and fulfills the standard requirements in terms of the above KPIs,for realizing a Digital Twin/Tactile Internet-based system.

Preliminary research and scheme design of deep underground in situ geo-information detection experiment for Geology in Time

The deep earth,deep sea,and deep space are the main parts of the national“three deep”strategy,which is in the forefront of the strategic deployment clearly defined in China’s 14th Five-Year Plan(2021-2025)and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035.It is important to reveal the evolutionary process and mechanism of deep tectonics to understand the earth’s past,present and future.The academic con-notation of Geology in Time has been given for the first time,which refers to the multi-field evolution response process of geological bodies at different time and spatial scales caused by geological processes inside and outside the Earth.Based on the deep in situ detection space and the unique geological envi-ronment of China Jinping Underground Laboratory,the scientific issue of the correlation mechanism and law between deep internal time-varying and shallow geological response is given attention.Innovative research and frontier exploration on deep underground in situ geo-information detection experiments for Geology in Time are designed to be carried out,which will have the potential to explore the driving force of Geology in Time,reveal essential laws of deep earth science,and explore innovative technologies in deep underground engineering.

Asymmetric orbital hybridization in Zn-doped antiperovskite Cu_(1-x)Zn_(x)NMn_(3)enables highly efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen production

Rational design of efficient and robust earth-abundant alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)catalysts is a key factor for developing energy conversion technologies.Currently,antiperovskite nitride CuNMn_(3)has garnered significant interest due to its remarkable properties such as negative/zero thermal expansion and magnetocaloric effects.However,when utilized as hydrogen evolution catalysts,it encounters large challenge resulting from excessively strong/weak interactions with adsorbed H on Mn/Cu active sites,which leads to low HER activity.In this study,we introduce an asymmetric orbital hybridization strategy in Zn-doped Cu_(1-x)Zn_(x)NMn_(3)by leveraging the localization of Zn electronic states to reconfigure the electronic structures of Cu and Mn,thereby reducing the energy barrier for water dissociation and optimizing Cu and Mn active sites for hydrogen adsorption and H_(2)production.Electrochemical evaluations reveal that Cu_(0.85)Zn_(0.15)NMn_(3)with x=0.15 demonstrates exceptional electrocatalytic activity in alkaline electrolytes.A low overpotential of 52 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)and outstanding stability over a 150-h test period are achieved,surpassing commercial Pt/C.This research offers a novel strategy for enhancing HER performance by modulating asymmetric hybridization of electron orbitals between multiple metal atoms within a material structure.

Characteristics of Mumps Outbreaks in Four Fujian Province Schools

Mumps is a prevalent respiratory infectious disease caused by the mumps virus and is characterized by swollen salivary glands,fever,and pain[1].The most effective preventive measure against this illness is vaccination with a live attenuated mumps-containing vaccine(MuCV).The globally preferred option is the trivalent measles,mumps,and rubella(MMR)vaccine,protecting against the mentioned diseases[2].Since 2008,China has incorporated MMR vaccination into its national immunization program;the Fujian Province implemented this strategy on April 1,2008,via introducing a one-dose MMR vaccination policy for children aged 18-24 months.This initiative has significantly decreased the incidence of mumps in Fujian Province[3],with rates stabilizing at approximately 7.8-8.0 cases per 100,000 individuals between 2018 and 2019,which translates to roughly 3,000 cases reported annually.

Two newly recorded species of the genus Sora(Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae:Lagriinae),with redescription of two known species from China

Two species,Sora barapanica Merkl,2019 and Sora marmoreipennis Merkl,2019,are newly recorded from China.Sora mimica(Pic,1912)and Sora thibetana(Pic,1914)are redescribed with illustrations of type specimens provided for the first time.Sora mimica var.testaceipennis(Pic,1912)is proposed as a synonym of Sora mimica.

Combining prognostic value of serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and tumor size reduction ratio in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a common cancer with increasing morbidity and mortality due to changes of social environment.AIM To evaluate the significance of serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9)and tumor size changes pre-and post-neoadjuvant therapy(NAT).METHODS This retrospective study was conducted at the Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment,Chongqing University Cancer Hospital.This study specifically assessed CA19-9 levels and tumor size before and after NAT.RESULTS A total of 156 patients who completed NAT and subsequently underwent tumor resection were included in this study.The average age was 65.4±10.6 years and 72(46.2%)patients were female.Before survival analysis,we defined the post-NAT serum CA19-9 level/pre-NAT serum CA19-9 level as the CA19-9 ratio(CR).The patients were divided into three groups:CR<0.5,CR>0.5 and<1 and CR>1.With regard to tumor size measured by both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging,we defined the post-NAT tumor size/pre-NAT tumor size as the tumor size ratio(TR).The patients were then divided into three groups:TR<0.5,TR>0.5 and<1 and TR>1.Based on these groups divided according to CR and TR,we performed both overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS)analyses.Log-rank tests showed that both OS and DFS were significantly different among the groups according to CR and TR(P<0.05).CR and TR after NAT were associated with increased odds of achieving a complete or near-complete pathologic response.Moreover,CR(hazard ratio:1.721,95%CI:1.373-3.762;P=0.006),and TR(hazard ratio:1.435,95%CI:1.275-4.363;P=0.014)were identified as independent factors associated with OS.CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that post-NAT serum CA19-9 level/pre-NAT serum CA19-9 level and post-NAT tumor size/pre-NAT tumor size were independent factors associated with OS in patients with PDAC who received NAT and subsequent surgical resection.

Method for Improving Digital Elevation Model Precision of Consumer Level Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Currently,the aerial survey system of low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)has been widely used in acquiring digital map 4D products,mapping,digital linear maps,and other aspects.However,there are problems,such as low precision and weak practicability in constructing digital elevation model(DEM)products through the data collected using consumption level UAVs.Therefore,improving the accuracy of DEM products obtained by consumption level UAVs is a crucial and complex issue in the research of UAV aerial survey systems.In precision elevation measurement,the geodetic height of a certain number of ground points with reasonable distribution in the region is often obtained first.Then,the normal height of the ground points is obtained by leveling,and the elevation residual value surface of the region is fitted.Finally,the normal height of the points to be solved in the region is obtained by fitting the elevation residual surface.Therefore,the elevation residual fitting method was used to improve the accuracy of consumer UAV DEM products in this study.First,a high-quality ground point cloud was obtained by constructing the gradient filtering-cloth simulation filtering(GF-CSF)model.Second,an abnormal elevation fitting residual DEM model was constructed.Lastly,the final DEM was obtained using the DEM difference method.The experimental results show that among the 20 random sampling inspection points,the average elevation residual was 2.3 mm,and the root mean square error(RMSE)was 16.7 mm after the DEM accuracy was improved by the method.The average elevation residual without improving the DEM accuracy was 28.6 mm,and RMSE was 33.7 mm.

Novel nanofiltration membranes with tunable permselectivity by polymer mediated phase separation in polyamide selective layer

Microstructure in selective layer has played a decisive role in permselectivity of nanofiltration(NF) membranes,and nanomaterials were well-known additives that had been applied to mediate the microstructure and permeability of polyamide NF membranes. However, nanoadditives generally displayed a poor dispersion in membranes or in fabrication process. To solve this problem, we showed an interesting concept that novel NF membranes with hybrid selective layer consisting of flexible polyisobutylene(PIB) and rigid polyamide could be fabricated from well-defined interfacial polymerization. The hydrophobic polymer mediated phase separation and microdomains formation in polyamide layer were found. The immiscibility between the rigid polyamide and flexible PIB as well as the resultant interface effect was interpreted as the reason for the polymer enhanced permselectivity, which was similar with the well-known thin film nanocomposite(TFN) membranes that nanoparticles incorporated contributed significantly to membrane permeability and rejection performance.Our results have demonstrated that novel NF membranes with enhanced performance can be prepared from immiscible polymers, which is a new area that has not been extensively studied before.

Silicon-Based Mode Converter and Demultiplexer for Wavelength Division Multiplexing Transmission by Using Multimode Interference Couplers

We present a mode converter and demultiplexer structure for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission by employing multimode interference (MMI) on Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) platform. The mode converter and demultiplexer have a compact size of less than 2.7 μm × 43.7 μm. Moreover, the crosstalk between neighboring wavelength channel within C band (1530 nm to 1570 nm) can be reduced by utilizing the tapered phase shifter cascaded with MMI. The simulated results indicate that this structure has a low insertion loss of less than 1 dB, a low crosstalk of better than ?15 dB and a relatively high fabrication tolerance of ~10 nm. Such structure may find many potential applications in silicon photonic integrated devices.

Perioperative Nursing Management of an Animal Model of Axial Flow Blood Pump Implantation

This study aimed to explore the characteristics of perioperative nursing of experimental goats using self-made axial-flow blood pump implantation and provided theoretical nursing knowledge and practice-based evidence for the clinical application of domestically manufactured artificial cardiac pumps. Methods: Seven experimental goats were used in this study, three for pre-testing and four for the formal experiments. According to the surgical requirements for axial-flow blood pump implantation into the cardiac apex, we creatively designed and made a series of highly practical animal surgical instruments including a composite disassemblable bed for experimental animal transferring and monitoring, a multifunctional animal surgery bed, and portable medical supporting equipment. We also applied for two national invention patents and one utility model patent. Active measures were taken to ensure careful preparation before surgery, close collaboration during surgery, and effective management of complications after surgery. Results: Two of the four experimental goats died during surgery because of a massive hemorrhage caused by distal anastomotic failure and air embolism-induced cardiac arrest caused by air leakage from the outlet into the heart due to poor connection of the auxiliary pressure tap (used to measure left ventricular pressure). The mean survival time of the remaining three experimental goats was 22.7 hours. Conclusion: This study was the first to systematically and comprehensively investigate the perioperative nursing management of axial-flow blood pump implantation using animal models. These findings could greatly promote further clinical applied nursing research of self-made artificial cardiac pump implantation in experimental goats.

企业基层团队执行力的影响因素研究--以WG公司为例

为了贯彻企业战略与计划,提高企业绩效,企业内各个团队的执行力的作用显得尤为重要。其中,最基础的工作能否如期完成的关键就是基层团队的执行力是否到位。如果基层团队执行力低下,那么该团队的绩效就会低下,这会影响到企业整体的绩效,以及企业在市场中的竞争力。因此,找出影响企业基层团队执行力的因素,并提出针对企业基层团队执行力痛点、对其基层团队执行力管理真正有效的对策与建议有十分重要的现实意义。本文以WG公司为研究对象,运用案例分析法对公司基层团队执行力问题进行了研究。通过邮件方式向被试者发放半结构化问卷,揭示WG公司的基层团队执行力的影响因素,以求能够找出团队、领导者、员工对基层团队执行力产生重要影响的因素,并有针对性的提出适合该公司的基层团队执行力有效管理的策略建议,为其管理提供借鉴与参考。

多源数据融合的交通指数标准化云平台技术

交通指数是城市交通治理中最基础、最直观的评估方法。多源数据融合技术,能有效提高交通运行评估的精度。引入互联网实时数据提升了指数的空间维度偏差,尤其是偏远区域;引入定点检测技术则有效校核了指数在时间维度的偏差。本文基于多年的大数据工作实践,首次提出标准化云平台的概念,并阐述了“多源数据接入与处理-软件硬件架构-在线动态发布”等完整的解决方案与实践,通过云平台技术转移,使各城市交通研究者从繁琐的大数据处理和IT技术无边的海洋中解放出来,轻松拥有自身的大数据分析系统,把更多的精力投注于交通本身的技术和算法创新。

鸟类多样性观察--重庆师范大学大学城校区(连载二)

三、讨论与保护建议通过实地观察,本文报道了重庆师范大学大学城校区鸟类64种。相较邓亚平等的记录[7],直接观察到的鸟类增加了68.4%。邓亚平等记录的46种鸟中,包括苍鹭(访问)、山斑鸠(直接观察)、灰鹡鸰(直接观察)、黄臀鹎(访问)、家八哥(访问)、灰背椋鸟(直接观察)、小燕尾(访问)、噪大苇莺(直接观察)、暗绿柳莺(直接观察)、绿背山雀(直接观察)和山麻雀(直接观察)等11种鸟在本文未得到证实,其中,苍鹭在重医有分布记录,山斑鸠、灰鹡鸰、黄臀鹎在重大有记录(未发表数据),可能在重师亦有分布,未观察到这些鸟种除了与观察深度有关,也可能由生境变化导致。

等离激元催化反应动力学研究装置

等离激元催化是利用金属纳米颗粒的局域表面等离激元来驱动化学反应的现象,已经发展成为多相催化的一个新兴研究领域.然而,实验研究中温度测量不准和反应物吸附状态不明确导致等离激元催化反应的微观机制存在争议.为了研究等离激元催化反应动力学,本文设计搭建了一台基于在线质谱检测的装置,通过对反应器的改进来解决温度测量和吸附状态识别的问题.相比于传统设计中仅安装一个热偶,本文在反应器中安装了三个热偶.基于传热模型,这种多点测温技术可以定量计算出催化剂的有效温度以及热反应的贡献.此外,在装置中集成了程序升温脱附谱,用于测量反应物的吸附状态.通过对模型催化反应Au/TiO_(2)等离激元催化H_(2)+D_(2)→HD的定量测量,测试了该装置的性能,明确了H_(2)/D_(2)在Au/TiO_(2)界面的解离吸附和非热反应对HD生成的贡献,证明了该装置在等离激元催化反应动力学研究方面的能力.

Recent developments in nanofiltration membranes based on nanomaterials

Nanofiltration membranes are the core elements for nanofiltration process. The chemical structures and physical properties of nanofiltration membranes determine water permeability, solute selectivity, mechanical/thermal stability, and antifouling properties, which greatly influence the separation efficiency and operation cost in nanofiltration applications. In recent years, a great progress has been made in the development of high performance nanofiltration membranes based on nanomaterials. Considering the increasing interest in this field, this paper reviews the recent studies on the nanofiltration membranes comprising various nanomaterials, including the metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon-based nanomaterials, metal–organic frameworks(MOFs), water channel proteins, and organic micro/nanoparticles. Finally, a perspective is given on the further exploitation of advanced nanomaterials and novel strategy for fabricating nano-based nanofiltration membranes. Moreover,the development of precision instruments and simulation techniques is necessary for the characterization of membrane microstructure and investigation of the separation and antifouling mechanism of nanofiltration membranes prepared with nanomaterials.

阿帕替尼治疗复发性和进展性韧带样纤维瘤的疗效与安全性分析

目的:分析阿帕替尼治疗复发性和进展性韧带样纤维瘤(desmoid fibromatosis,DF)的疗效和安全性。方法:收集2017年10月至2020年9月就诊于四川大学华西医院的复发性或进展性韧带样纤维瘤患者37例,接受靶向药物阿帕替尼治疗,起始剂量250 mg/d,根据药物不良反应调整剂量。结果:无完全缓解病例,17例(45.9%)为部分缓解,18例(48.6%)为疾病稳定,2例(5.4%)为疾病进展,客观有效率为45.9%,疾病控制率为94.6%。患者的关节活动度(rang of motion,ROM)、视觉模拟评分(visual analog scale,VAS)、上肢功能评定表(disabilities of the arm,shoulder and hand,DASH)评分、髋关节Harris评分及美国特种外科医院(HSS)评分均较治疗前有明显改善,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。常见的不良反应为手足综合征(37.8%)、胃肠反应(29.7%)和月经紊乱(21.6%)。结论:靶向药物阿帕替尼对复发性和进展性DF有一定的疗效,且不良反应可耐受,可作为复发性和进展性韧带样纤维瘤治疗的新途径。

Effect of advanced age on plasma homocysteine levels and its association with ischemic stroke in non-valvular atrial fibrillation

Background Elevated homocysteine （Hcy） has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular events in atrial fibrillation （AF） pa- tients, while the age-related expression pattern of plasma Hcy in AF remains unknown. The study was aimed to investigate the effect of ad- vanced age on plasma Hcy levels and its association with ischemic stroke in non-valvular AF patients. Methods A total of 2562 consecu- tive patients with non-valvular AF and 535 controls were enrolled and divided into six age groups. Plasma Hcy levels were analyzed among different age groups, and the effect of advanced age on Hcy was investigated. Results Plasma Hcy levels did not show any difference among groups aged below 65 years, while it increased sharply in patients aged 65-74 years and aged over 75 years （15.7 ±4.6 μmol/L, 17.1 ±4.9 μmol/L, both P 〈 0.01 compared with the first four age groups）. Hcy was much higher in AF patients than in controls at the same age group （all P 〈 0.05）. The proportion of patients with hyperhomocysteinemia increased gradually with age from 32.3%, 29.2%, 31.2%, 32.4%, 45.9%, to 51.4% in six age groups. The concentration of Hcy in AF patients with ischemic stroke increased progressively with age, and was higher than those without stroke at the same age. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age 65-74 years [odds ratios （OR）： 1.742, 95% confidence interval （CI）： 1.223-2.482, P = 0.002] and age ≥ 75 years （OR： 2.637, 95% CI： 1.605-4.335, P 〈 0.001） were significantly independent predictors of elevated plasma Hcy levels. Conclusions Advanced age was significantly associated with elevated Hcy levels, which may provide a possible explanation for the progressive increase in ischemic stroke especially in elderly AF patients.

Healing time of incision infection after hepatobiliary surgery treated by needle-free incision suture closure

AIM: To compare the effectiveness of needle-free incision suture closure with butterfly tape and traditional secondary suturing techniques in treating incision infection. METHODS: Two hundred and twenty-three patients with incision infection following hepatobiliary surgery at a tertiary hospital were randomly divided into three groups: 90 patients were closed by needle-free incision suture closure, which gradually closed the incision wound when drainage from incision infection was visibly decreased and healthy granulation tissues had grown; 79 patients were closed by butterfly bandage; another 54 patients were closed by traditional secondary suturing technique. Healing time of incision infection was calculated from the beginning of dressing change to the healing of the incision. RESULTS: Healing time in the needle-free incision suture closure group (24.2 +/- 7.2 d) was significantly shorter than that in the butterfly bandage group (33.3 +/- 11.2 d) and the traditional secondary suturing group (36.2 +/- 15.3 d) (P < 0.05). Healing time in the butterfly bandage group appeared to be slightly shorter than that in the secondary suture group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Needle-free incision suture closure could gradually close the infection wound at the same time of drainage and dressing change, thereby shortening the healing time. (C) 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.