Construction of 3D porous Cu_(1.81)S/nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks for ultrafast and long-cycle life sodium-ion storage

Transition metal sulfides have great potential as anode mterials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to their high theoretical specific capacities.However,the inferior intrinsic conductivity and large volume variation during sodiation-desodiation processes seriously affect its high-rate and long-cyde performance,unbeneficial for the application as fast-charging and long-cycling SIBs anode.Herein,the three-dimensional porous Cu_(1.81)S/nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks(Cu_(1.81)S/NC)are synthesized by the simple and facile sol-gel and annealing processes,which can accommodate the volumetric expansion of Cu_(1.81)S nanoparticles and accelerate the transmission of ions and electrons during Na^(+)insertion/extraction processes,exhibiting the excellent rate capability(250.6 mA·g^(-1)at 20.0 A·g^(-1))and outstanding cycling stability(70% capacity retention for 6000 cycles at 10.0 A·g^(-1))for SIBs.Moreover,the Na-ion full cells coupled with Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C cathode also demonstrate the satisfactory reversible specific capacity of 330.5 mAh·g^(-1)at 5.0 A·g^(-1)and long-cycle performance with the 86.9% capacity retention at 2.0 A·g^(-1)after 750 cycles.This work proposes a promising way for the conversionbased metal sulfides for the applications as fast-charging sodium-ion battery anode.

自支撑过渡金属海水电解析氧催化剂研究进展

海水电解是一种很有前景的可持续绿氢生产技术。然而,由于受到缓慢的动力学、阳极上竞争性的氯释放反应、氯离子腐蚀和电极表面中毒等的影响,致使阳极材料的性能和耐久性下降,析氧反应(OER)的选择性降低。与传统的粉末催化剂相比,自支撑纳米阵列材料具有较低的界面电阻、较大的活性表面和优异的稳定性,已成为先进的催化剂。特别是在需要高电流密度的实际大规模制氢应用中,自支撑催化剂比粉末催化剂更具优势。电解过程中,在电极表面所产生气泡的强烈冲击下,粉末状纳米材料很容易剥离,导致催化活性降低,甚至频繁更换催化剂。相比之下,自支撑纳米材料的活性物质和基底之间具有很强的粘附性,确保了良好的电子导电性和高机械稳定性,有利于长期和循环使用。本文综述了用于海水电解自支撑过渡金属催化剂的最新进展,包括(氧)氢氧化物、氮化物、磷化物、硫族化物等。为确保OER过程中的高活性和高选择性,着重总结了各析氧催化剂在应对耐腐蚀性和屏蔽竞争反应方面所采取的策略。通常,构建具有高孔隙率和粗糙度的3D多孔纳米结构可以使催化剂具有较大的表面积和丰富的活性位点,是提高传质、OER活性和催化效率的有效策略。其次,催化剂表面的Cl−阻挡层,特别是兼具催化活性和保护作用的保护层,可以有效抑制Cl−的竞争性氧化和腐蚀,提高催化剂的催化活性、选择性和稳定性。此外,设计具有超亲水和超疏水表面的催化材料,以增加电解质的渗透性,促进活性位点的有效利用,并避免大量气泡的积累。最后,简要总结了OER催化剂在海水电解中的发展前景及建议。具体来说,海水电解的介质应从模拟盐水转移到天然海水中。鉴于天然海水电解中面临的诸多挑战,除了设计和合成具有高活性、高选择性和高稳定性的自支撑催化剂外,开发简单、低成本的天然海水预处理技术以最大限度地减少腐蚀和中毒问题也是海水电解未来发展的重要课题。更重要的是,应合理构建自支撑OER电催化剂的标准化评价体系。评估过程中应充分考虑催化剂内在活性、可达活性位点密度、尺寸、质量负荷、基质效应和试验条件等因素。

电催化合成氨的研究进展

氨是一种重要的工业原料,在化肥、染料、药品和炸药的制造中起着重要作用.由于氨的氢容量大、能量密度高且易于运输,被认为是一种潜在的无碳燃料.Haber-Bosch工艺实现了高附加值氨的大规模工业化生产,但其生产条件(400‒550ºC,15‒30 MPa)苛刻,且伴随着高能耗和CO_(2)排放.因此,开发绿色和可持续的氨合成方法,同时实现全球环境的可持续性势在必行.电催化氮还原合成氨(NRR)是近年来的研究热点,该技术可以在环境条件下进行,且可利用电子作为绿色还原剂,水作为质子源.此外,该过程具有实现分散和现场按需生产氨的巨大潜力,支持分布式肥料生产,从而降低运输成本.除了N2作为氮源,对环境有害且活性高于N2的氮物种(如NO,NO_(2)^(−)/NO_(3)^(−))已被认为是实现环境条件下生产氨的有吸引力的氮源,电催化NO还原(NORR)和NO_(2)−/NO_(3)^(−)(NO_(x)^(−))还原(NtrRR)合成氨具有应用潜力.本文综述了近年来电催化合成氨的研究进展.首先简要介绍了三种电催化合成氨路线(NRR,NORR和NtrRR)的研究背景和意义.然后,对环境条件下合成氨电催化剂的最新研究进展进行了详细讨论,主要涉及催化机理、理论计算和电化学性能.最后,对人工电催化合成氨当前面临的挑战和未来的研究需求作了总结和展望,包括:(1)注重理论计算,通过理论计算可以预测可能的活性位点、吸附能和反应途径,有助于快速筛选合适的催化剂,大大降低实验成本;(2)发展先进的原位表征技术来观察电催化剂表面上的动态变化和捕获/识别反应中间体,促进对真实反应机理的探索,从而进一步指导催化剂的设计;(3)确保数据的准确性和可重复性;(4)合理设计有效的电催化剂.为了进一步提高现有材料体系对氨合成的催化性能,需要开发更高效的材料设计策略(如精确调节单原子金属的配位环境、掺杂原子/空位的类型和浓度、合理暴露特定的晶体面等),以促进电催化剂的内在活性.此外,通过优化电催化剂的形态,构建特殊的结构(如尖刺),可以暴露丰富的活性位点,显著提高其表观活性;(5)研究特定的电极材料时,除材料工程外,扩展实验条件也至关重要,包括电解质的pH值、应用电位和氮物种初始浓度等,可能会影响催化活性和选择性;(6)文献报道的稳定性测试通常在50 h以下,对于工业运行(预计在高电流密度下可以稳定运行数千小时)来说,时间太短.因此,未来的催化剂设计需要以更长的测试时间为目标;(7)未来研究应进一步探索真实环境下NORR/NtrRR的催化活性,以实现更高效的氨合成;(8)应开发一种可替代的氨分离技术.在传统的Haber-Bosch工艺中,通过冷凝,氨从未反应的N2和H_(2)中分离出来,耗能大,因此应采用比冷凝工艺能量输入更少的分离技术;(9)从实际应用角度出发,还应考虑综合的技术经济评估,包括材料成本、总能源成本、设备维护成本和产品分离成本等,以评估氨电合成的大规模可扩展性和商业可行性.综上,开展电催化合成氨领域的研究有望以绿色和可持续的方式缓解环境污染和未来的能源问题.

Porous LaFeO3 nanofiber with oxygen vacancies as an efficient electrocatalyst for N2 conversion to NH3 under ambient conditions

Electrocatalytic N2 reduction to NH3 under ambient conditions is an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to the traditional Haber-Bosch process. However, inhibited by the high activation barrier of N2, this process needs efficient electrocatalysts to adsorb and activate the N2, enabling the N2 reduction reaction(NRR). Herein, we report that porous LaFeO3 nanofiber with oxygen vacancies acts as an efficient NRR electrocatalyst with abundant active sites to enhance the adsorption and activation of N2. When tested in 0.1 M HCl, such electrocatalyst achieves a high Faradaic efficiency of 8.77% and a large NH3 yield rate of 18.59 μg h–1 mgcat–1.at-0.55 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. This catalyst also shows high long-term electrochemical stability and excellent selectivity for NH3 formation. Density functional theory calculations reveal that, by introducing oxygen vacancy on LaFeO3, the subsurface metallic ions are exposed with newly localized electronic states near the Fermi level, which facilitates the adsorption and activation of N2 molecules as well as the subsequent hydrogenation reactions.

一维p-n结促进锂硫电池中多硫化物的双向转换研究

锂硫电池中氧化还原反应涉及复杂的多相转化过程,对其性能至关重要.催化转换是缓解穿梭效应的有效策略,但单组分催化剂在双向氧化还原过程中并不能充分发挥作用.为此,我们制备了一维ZnO@NiO核-壳纳米带(CNBs),通过p-n结界面来解决这些问题.自发内置电场(BIEF)诱导界面电荷重新分配,促进了ZnO和NiO之间的电荷和多硫化物的转移.适度的吸附能和多硫化物转化能垒的降低进一步加速了硫的双向转化.ZnO@NiOCNBs阴极在0.1C下的放电容量为1525.5mAhg^(-1),在2C下循环1000次后,保持了73.60%的容量保持率,相当于每循环损失0.026%的容量.本研究证明了BIEF和异质结构的结合促进了多硫化物的转化,为调控多硫化物氧化还原反应提供了新策略.

Surface-derived phosphate layer on NiFe-layered double hydroxide realizes stable seawater oxidation at the current density of 1 A·cm^(−2)

Seawater electrolysis,especially in coastlines,is widely considered as a sustainable way of making clean and high-purity H2 from renewable energy;however,the practical viability is challenged severely by the limited anode durability resulting from side reactions of chlorine species.Herein,we report an effective Cl^(−) blocking barrier of NiFe-layer double hydroxide(NiFe-LDH)to harmful chlorine chemistry during alkaline seawater oxidation(ASO),a pre-formed surface-derived NiFe-phosphate(Pi)outerlayer.Specifically,the PO_(4)^(3−)-enriched outer-layer is capable of physically and electrostatically inhibiting Cl−adsorption,which protects active Ni^(3+)sites during ASO.The NiFe-LDH with the NiFe-Pi outer-layer(NiFe-LDH@NiFe-Pi)exhibits higher current densities(j)and lower overpotentials to afford 1 A·cm^(−2)(η1000 of 370 mV versusη1000 of 420 mV)than the NiFe-LDH in 1 M KOH+seawater.Notably,the NiFe-LDH@NiFe-Pi also demonstrates longer-term electrochemical durability than NiFe-LDH,attaining 100-h duration at the j of 1 A·cm^(−2).Additionally,the importance of surface-derived PO_(4)^(3−)-enriched outer-layer in protecting the active centers,γ-NiOOH,is explained by ex situ characterizations and in situ electrochemical spectroscopic studies.

Electrocatalytic synthesis of C-N coupling compounds from CO_(2) and nitrogenous species

The electrocatalytic synthesis of C-N coupling compounds from CO_(2) and nitrogenous species not only offers an effective avenue to achieve carbon neutral-ity and reduce environmental pollution,but also establishes a route to synthesize valuable chemicals,such as urea,amide,and amine.This innovative approach expands the application range and product categories beyond simple carbona-ceous species in electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction,which is becoming a rapidly advancing field.This review summarizes the research progress in electrocatalytic urea synthesis,using N_(2),NO_(2)^(-),and NO_(3)^(-)as nitrogenous species,and explores emerging trends in the electrosynthesis of amide and amine from CO_(2) and nitro-gen species.Additionally,the future opportunities in this field are highlighted,including electrosynthesis of amino acids and other compounds containing C-N bonds,anodic C-N coupling reactions beyond water oxidation,and the catalytic mechanism of corresponding reactions.This critical review also captures the insights aimed at accelerating the development of electrochemical C-N coupling reactions,confirming the superiority of this electrochemical method over the traditional techniques.

Cauliflower-like Ni_(3)S_(2) foam for ultrastable oxygen evolution electrocatalysis in alkaline seawater

It is of great importance to design and develop electrocatalysts that are both long-lasting and efficient for seawater oxidation.Herein,a three-dimensional porous cauliflower-like Ni_(3)S_(2) foam on Ni foam(Ni_(3)S_(2) foam/NF)is proposed as a high-performance electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline seawater.The as-synthesis Ni_(3)S_(2) foam/NF achieves exceptional efficacy,achieving a current density of 100 mA·cm^(−2)at mere overpotential of 369 mV.Notably,its electrocatalytic stability extends up to 1000 h at 500 mA·cm^(−2).

Significantly enhanced ion-migration and sodium-storage capability derived by strongly coupled dual interfacial engineering in heterogeneous bimetallic sulfides with densified carbon matrix

The development of highly efficient sodium-ion batteries depends critically on the successful exploitation of advanced anode hosts that is capable of overcoming sluggish reaction kinetics while also withstanding severe structural deformation triggered by the large radius of Na^(+)-insertion.Herein,a hierarchically hybrid material with hetero-Co_(3)S_(4)/NiS hollow nanosphere packaged into a densified N-doped carbonmatrix(Co_(3)S_(4)/NiS@N-C)was designed and fabricated utilizing CoNi-glycerate as the self-sacrifice template,making the utmost of the synergistic effect of hetero-Co_(3)S_(4)/NiS with strong electric field and rich reaction active-sites together with the densified outer-carbon scaffolds with remarkable electronic conductivity and robust mechanical toughness.As anticipated,as-fabricated Co_(3)S_(4)/NiS@N-C anode affords remarkable specific capacity,prolonged cycle lifespan up to 2400 cycles with an only 0.05%fading each cycle at 20.0 A g^(−1),and excellent rate feature(354.9 mAh g^(−1)at 30.0 A g^(−1)),one of the best performances for most existing Co_(3)S_(4)/NiS-based anodes.Ex situ structural characterizations in tandem with theoretical analysis demonstrate the reversible insertion-conversion mechanism of initially proceeding with Na^(+)de-/intercalation and superior heterogeneous interfacial reaction behavior with strong Na^(+)-adsorption ability.Further,sodium-ion full cell and hybrid capacitor based on Co_(3)S_(4)/NiS@N-C anode exhibit impressive electrochemical characteristics on cycling performance and rate capability,showcasing its outstanding feasibility toward practical use.

花生侵脉新赤壳菌果腐病生防芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定及防病效果

【目的】为了分离鉴定对花生侵脉新赤壳菌果腐病病原菌Neocosmospora vasinfecta具有抑制作用的根际芽孢杆菌。【方法】利用平板稀释法从花生的根际土壤分离芽孢杆菌,再采用平板对峙法筛选出对N.vasinfecta具有抑制作用的根际芽孢杆菌,通过形态观察、生理生化特性和分子生物学相结合的多相分类方法对生防根际芽孢杆菌进行分类鉴定,检测脂肽类抗生素合成基因类型,并进行花生侵脉新赤壳菌果腐病的田间防治试验。【结果】从花生根际土壤中分离到28株芽孢杆菌,其中对花生果腐病病原菌具有明显抑制作用有8株。多相分类法结果显示2株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),6株为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(B.amyloliquefaciens)。脂肽类抗生素合成基因检测显示,8株生防芽孢杆菌含有至少1种脂肽类抗生素,其中所有生防菌均含有丰原素B合成基因,推测这些芽孢杆菌对N.vasinfecta的抑制机制可能与脂肽类抗生素的合成相关。田间防病实验结果显示,B.amyloliquefaciens GF-3和GF-22制备的生物有机肥均能有效降低NPRP的发病指数,其防治效率分别为32.35%和79.41%,增产率分别为19.12%和25.85%。【结论】分离鉴定了2株对花生侵脉新赤壳菌果腐病具有明显防治效果的根际芽孢杆菌,这不仅为花生侵脉新赤壳菌果腐病的生防制剂研制提供了菌株,还为研究防治机理奠定了基础。

Iron-group electrocatalysts for ambient nitrogen reduction reaction in aqueous media

Electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)is considered as an alternative to the industrial Haber-Bosch process for NH3 production due to both low energy consumption and environment friendliness.However,the major problem of electrochemical NRR is the unsatisfied efficiency and selectivity of electrocatalyst.As one group of the cheapest and most abundant transition metals,iron-group(Fe,Co,Ni and Cu)electrocatalysts show promising potential on cost and performance advantages as ideal substitute for traditional noble-metal catalysts.In this minireview,we summarize recent advances of iron-group-based materials(including their oxides,hydroxides,nitrides,sulfides and phosphides,etc.)as non-noble metal electrocatalysts towards ambient N2-to-NH3 conversion in aqueous media.Strategies to boost NRR performances and perspectives for future developments are discussed to provide guidance for the field of NRR studies.

High-performance asymmetrical supercapacitor composed of rGO-enveloped nickel phosphite hollow spheres and N/S co-doped rGO aerogel

An asymmetrical supercapacitor （ASC）, comprising reduced graphene oxide （rGO）-encapsulated nickel phosphite hollow microspheres （NPOH-0.5@rGO） as positive electrode, and porous nitrogen/sulfur co-doped rGO aerogel （NS-3D rGO） as negative electrode has been prepared. The NPOH-0.5@rGO electrode combines the advantages of the NPOH hollow microspheres and the conductive rGO layers giving rise to a large specific capacitance, high cycling reversibility, and excellent rate performance. The NS-3D rGO electrode with abundant porosity and active sites promotes electrolyte infiltration and broadens the working voltage range. The ASC （NPOH-0.5@rGO//NS-3D rGO） shows a maximum voltage of up to 1.4 V, outstanding cycling ability （capacitance retention of 95.5% after 10,000 cycles）, and excellent rate capability （capacitance retention of 77% as the current density is increased ten times）. The ASC can light up an light-emitting diodes （LED） for more than 20 min after charging for 20 s. The fabrication technique and device architecture can be extended to other active oxide and carbon-based materials for next-generation high-performance electrochemical storage devices.

Co3(hexahydroxytriphenylene)2:A conductive metal-organic framework for ambient electrocatalytic N2 reduction to NH3

As a carbon-neutral alternative to the Haber-Bosch process,electrochemical N2 reduction enables environment-friendly NH3 synthesis at ambient conditions but needs active electrocatalysts for the N2 reduction reaction.Here,we report that conductive metal-organic framework CO3(hexahydroxytriphenylene)2(Co3 HHTP2)nanoparticles act as an efficient catalyst for ambient electrochemical N2-to-NH3 fixation.When tested in 0.5 M LiClO4,such Co3 HHTP2 achieves a large NH3 yield of 22.14μg·h^-1·mg^-1 cat.with a faradaic efficiency of 3.34%at-0.40 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode.This catalyst also shows high electrochemical stability and excellent selectivity toward NH3 synthesis.

Ni(OH)_(2) nanoparticles encapsulated in conductive nanowire array for high-performance alkaline seawater oxidation

Design and development of high-efficiency and durable oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts is crucial for hydrogen production from seawater splitting.Herein,we report the in situ electrochemical conversion of a nanoarray of Ni(TCNQ)2(TCNQ=tetracyanoquinodimethane)on graphite paper into Ni(OH)_(2) nanoparticles confined in a conductive TCNQ nanoarray(Ni(OH)_(2)-TCNQ/GP)by anode oxidation.The Ni(OH)_(2)-TCNQ/GP exhibits high OER performance and demands overpotentials of 340 and 382 mV to deliver 100 mA·cm^(−2) in alkaline freshwater and alkaline seawater,respectively.Meanwhile,the Ni(OH)_(2)-TCNQ/GP also demonstrates steady long-term electrochemical durability for at least 80 h under alkaline seawater.

Electrocatalytic N_(2) reduction to NH3 with high Faradaic efficiency enabled by vanadium phosphide nanoparticle on V foil

To develop highly efficient electrochemical catalysts for N2 fixation is important to sustainable ambient NH_(3) production through the N_(2) reduction reaction(NRR).Herein,we demonstrate the development of vanadium phosphide nanoparticle on V foil as a high-efficiency and stable catalyst for ambient NH3 production with excellent selectivity.The high Faradaic efficiency of 22%with a large NH3 yield of 8.35×10^(−11) mol·s^(−1)·cm^(−2)was obtained at 0 V vs.the reversible hydrogen electrode in acid solution,superior to all previously studied V-based NRR catalysts.Density functional theory calculations are also utilized to have an insight into the catalytic mechanism.

FeP nanorod array:A high-efficiency catalyst for electroreduction of NO to NH3 under ambient conditions

Sustainable mitigation of the continuously rising concentration of NO contaminants is among the most urgent issues of this century.Ambient electrocatalytic conversion of NO into useful NH_(3)offers an attractive path toward achieving sustainable NO abatement and NH_(3)production simultaneously.However,its efficiency is challenged by the intense competition from hydrogen evolution reaction and relatively high energy barriers of NO activation.It is thus highly desirable to explore active electrocatalyst for NO reduction reaction and investigate the mechanisms on relevant surfaces.Herein,we introduce an FeP nanorod array on carbon cloth as a high-efficiency catalyst for NO electroreduction to NH3.In 0.2 M phosphate-buffered solution,this catalyst exhibits a low onset potential of-0.014 V.Moreover,it achieves a remarkable Faradaic efficiency of 88.49%and a large NH_(3)yield of 85.62μmol·h^(-1)cm^(-2),with durability for stable NO conversion over 12 h of electrolysis.The catalytic mechanism on FeP is investigated further by theoretical calculations.

Ultrathin ZnS nanosheet/carbon nanotube hybrid electrode for high-performance flexible all-solid-state supercapacitor

Flexible and easily reconfigurable supercapacitors show great promise for application in wearable electronics. In this study, multiwall C nanotubes （CNTs） decorated with hierarchical ultrathin zinc sulfide （ZnS） nanosheets （ZnS@CNT） are synthesized via a facile method. The resulting ZnS@CNT electrode, which delivers a high specific capacitance of 347.3 F·g^-1 and an excellent cycling stability, can function as a high-performance electrode for a flexible all-solid-state supercapacitor using a polymer gel electrolyte. Our device exhibits a remarkable specific capacitance of 159.6 F·g^-1, a high energy density of 22.3 W·h·kg^-1, and a power density of 5 kW·kg^-1 It also has high electrochemical performance even under bending or twisting. The all-solid-state supercapacitors can be easily integrated in series to power different commercial light-emitting diodes without an external bias voltage.

N, O-doped carbon foam as metal-free electrocatalyst for efficient hydrogen production from seawater

Seawater electrolysis is the most promising technology for large scale hydrogen production due to the abundance and low cost of seawater in nature.However,compared with the traditional freshwater electrolysis,the issues of electrode poisoning and corrosion will occur during the seawater electrolysis process,and active and stable electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)are thus highly desired.In this work,N,O-doped carbon foam in-situ derived from commercial melamine foam is proposed as a high-active metal-free HER electrocatalyst for seawater splitting.In acidic seawater,our catalyst shows high hydrogen generation performance with small overpotential of 161 mV at 10 mA·cm^(−2),a low Tafel slop of 97.5 mV·dec^(−1),and outstanding stability.

A flexible dual-function capacitive sensor enhanced by looppatterned fibrous electrode and doped dielectric pillars for spatial perception

The integrated perception capable of detecting and monitoring varieties of activities is one of the ultimate purposes of wearable electronics and intelligent robots.Limited by the space occupation,it lacks practical feasibility to stack multiple types of single sensors on each other.Herein,a high-sensitivity dual-function capacitive sensor with proximity sensing and pressure sensing is proposed.The fringing electric field can be confined in the proximity-sensitive area by fibrous loop-patterned electrode,leading to more stolen charges when object approaching and thus a high proximity sensitivity.The high-permittivity doped structured dielectric layer reduces the compressive stiffness and enhances the rate of compression-caused increase in the equivalent relative permittivity of the dielectric layer,resulting in a larger increase in capacitance and thus a high pressure sensitivity.The electrodes and dielectric layer together compose the capacitor and act as the sensor without taking up additional space.The decoupling of proximity-sensing and pressure-sensing modes can be achieved by decrease or increase in capacitance.Combined with array distribution and sequential scanning,the sensors can be used for detection of motion trajectory,contour recognition,pressure distribution.

Enhanced N_(2)-to-NH_(3)conversion efficiency on Cu3P nanoribbon electrocatalyst

Ambient electroreduction of nitrogen(N_(2))is considered as a green and feasible approach for ammonia(NH_(3))synthesis,which urgently demands for efficient electrocatalyst.Morphology has close relationship with catalytic activity of heterogeneous catalysts.Nanoribbon is attractive nanostructure,which possesses the flexibility of one-dimensional nanomaterials,the large surface area of two-dimensional nanomaterials,and lateral size confinement effects.In this work,Cu_(3)P nanoribbon is proposed as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for N_(2)-to-NH_(3)conversion under benign conditions.When measured in N_(2)-saturated 0.1 M HCl,such Cu_(3)P nanoribbon achieves high performance with an excellent Faradaic efficiency as high as 37.8%and a large yield of 18.9μg·h^(−1)·mgcat.−1 at−0.2 V.It also demonstrates outstanding stability in long-term electrolysis test at least for 45 h.