ZmCER1,a putative ECERIFERUM 1 protein in maize,functions in cuticular wax biosynthesis and bulliform cell development

The cuticular wax,acting as the ultimate defense barrier,is essential for the normal morphogenesis of plant organs.Despite this importance,the connection between wax composition and leaf development has not been thoroughly explored.In this study,we characterized a new maize mutant,ragged leaf4(rgd4),which exhibits crinkled and ragged leaves starting from the sixth leaf stage.The phenotype of rgd4 is conferred by ZmCER1,which encoding an aldehyde decarbonylase involved in wax biosynthesis.ZmCER1 function deficient mutant displayed reduced cuticular wax density and disordered bulliform cells(BCs),while ZmCER1 overexpressing plants exhibited the opposite effects,indicating that ZmCER1 regulates cuticular wax biosynthesis and BCs development.Additionally,as the density of cuticular wax increased,the water loss rate of detached leaf decreases,suggesting that ZmCER1 is positively correlated with plant drought tolerance.

Spatiotemporal Evolution of the Dongting Lake Beach in Recent 90 Years

Using historical topographic maps and aerospace remote sensing data since the 1930s,this study investigates the spatial and temporal evolution of Dongting Lake beach.The evolution characteristics of the beaches in different regions and the related formation mechanism were also analyzed.The results show that Dongting Lake beach expanded from 1622.17 km^(2)in 1938 to 1962.28 km^(2)in 2018.With the addition of 980.96 km^(2)of reclaimed high bay beach,the beach area increased by 1321.07km^(2).However,the change process fluctuated somewhat rather than continuously increased.Substantial expansion of the beach area occurred during 1938-1948 and 1958-1998,while slow contraction of the beach area occurred during 1948-1958 and 1998-2018.Dongting Lake beach was dominated by terrigenous debris,the sedimentary types included lacustrine deposits,river alluvial deposits,floodplain and main channel deposits,and river-lake interaction deposits.The rapid expansion occurred in the estuary delta of the east branch of the Ouchi River,which advanced 38.55 km from the estuary toward the lake over the past 90 years.The causes of the changes in the beach included beach reclamation,sediment changes,and lake sand mining.Seventy embankments(covering 2057.77 km^(2))have been enclosed in the Dongting Lake area since 1930s,of which the high bay beach covered an area of 980.96km^(2).The amount of sediment deposited in Dongting Lake has reached 230857×10^(4) m^(3) since 1950s,which is equivalent to an average deposition height of 0.85 m on the lake's bottom.The mining of lake sand caused the beach to shrink,and the proportion of the beach area decreased from 77.18%in 1998 to 72.60%in 2018.The results of this study provide objective data for protecting the lakeshore's ecosystem and biodiversity and supporting the ecological restoration and environmental protection of the Yangtze River Basin.

Improvement of the conversion efficiency of Mg_(3)Sb_(2)thermoelectric devices through optimizing the resistivity of the MgSbNi barrier layer

Mg_(3)Sb_(2)-based thermoelectric materials have been the focus of widespread investigations as promising candidates for the harvesting of waste heat.Interface stability and service performance are key points for the commercial applications of these materials.We utilized Mg_(4.3)Sb_(3)Ni as a barrier layer to improve the thermal stability of Mg 3 Sb 2-based devices.However,its intrinsic high resistivity contributed nega-tively to the desired performance of the device.In this work,we investigated two other Mg-Sb-Ni ternary phases,MgSbNi and MgSbNi_(2),as new barrier layer materials to connect with Mg_(3.2)Sb_(2)Y_(0.05).The results show that the efficiency of the Mg_(1.2)SbNi/Mg_(3.2)Sb_(2)Y_(0.05)/Mg_(1.2)SbNi joint is increased by 33%relative to the higher Mg-content barriers due to lower resistivity.The system exhibited good interfacial compatibility and showed little change with aging at 673 K for 20 days.

Measuring the Capability of Biological Incident Rescue Teams in China:A Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process Based Model-Tianjin Municipality,China,2022-2023

Introduction:The swift advancement of biotechnology has presented both opportunities and challenges to our society,thrusting biosafety to the forefront of concern.Consequently,the evaluation of rescue capabilities in the event of a bioterrorism incident becomes of paramount importance.Currently,there is a notable absence of specific measurement criteria and a comprehensive evaluation system.This paper aims to establish a systematic approach towards assessing emergency response capabilities in the context of bioterrorism incidents.Methods:We employed an enhanced Delphi methodology to establish an index evaluation framework.Subsequently,the weight of the judgment matrix was ascertained via the application of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation approach.This led to the creation of a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for bioterrorism rescue capability.Results:A modified Delphi study was conducted involving 11 experts across two rounds,achieving a response rate of 100%.The Kendall coordination coefficients recorded in the first and second rounds were 0.303 and 0.632,respectively(P<0.05).Upon comprehensive analysis involving score,coefficient of variation,and full score ratio,we distinguished five primary indicators and 25 secondary indicators.Subsequently,an evaluation model was developed based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)tailored to assess the response to a rescue from bioterrorism.Discussion:The expert panel confirmed consensus on all aspects of the model,validating its comprehensive content.The succeeding course of action involves converting the assessment model to a measurable scale,affirming its functionality,and implementing it in practical evaluation tasks to further enhance the capabilities of the biological incident rescue team.

三晋华芳

泱泱华夏,文化大观,三晋大地,表里山河,风情万千,民俗第一。自古晋地多物华,喜看今朝尽天宝,可谓村村古戏台,镇镇多庙宇,古老的戏剧伴随着黄河奔腾,在怒吼中川流不息,高亢激昂的山西梆子、走街串巷的秧歌和皮影戏熏染着一方百姓的人文情,寺观庙堂林立,遗存着唐宋以来的古老建筑,堪称中华之最。纯朴的风土人情,无不打上了时代的烙印,世世代代在守望着岁月的洗礼,是几千年来劳动人民用双手创造出的智慧结晶,记载了上古时期三皇五帝的圣迹。