背景:治疗后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折的最佳手术技术仍值得商榷。随着关节镜手术的应用与成熟,它在后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折的诊疗中有很大前景。目的:综述关节镜技术在后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折治疗中的应用与进展,包括不...背景:治疗后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折的最佳手术技术仍值得商榷。随着关节镜手术的应用与成熟,它在后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折的诊疗中有很大前景。目的:综述关节镜技术在后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折治疗中的应用与进展,包括不同关节镜治疗方法、手术入路、胫骨隧道设计、缝合材料选择以及内固定植入物选择等。方法:通过计算机对中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science及ScienceDirect等数据库中的相关文献进行检索,检索时间为2003年1月至2023年11月,中文检索词为“后交叉韧带,后十字韧带,撕脱骨折,关节镜”;英文检索词为“posterior cruciate ligament,avulsion,fracture,tibia,arthroscopic,operation,fixation,treatment”。共纳入97篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:关节镜技术提供了一种可靠的治疗方式来治疗后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折。根据入路、缝合材料类型以及用于缝合的入路和胫骨隧道数量等不同,关节镜技术可以分为关节镜下缝线固定结合自体移植物增强重建、关节镜下多交叉带缝合桥固定、关节镜下高强度缝线固定以及关节镜下直接前后缝合悬吊固定等几类。在各种研究中,常用的临床结果评估指标包括关节活动度、Lysholm评分、国际膝关节文献委员会评分及KT-2000关节测量仪差等,研究显示关节镜手术后末次随访时上述指标检测结果较术前显著改善,影像学随访结果显示关节镜手术都取得了令人满意的结果。在随访过程中,接受关节镜技术治疗后的各类交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折患者都未出现严重并发症,例如创伤性关节炎、神经血管损伤、围手术期伤口感染、血栓形成以及骨折不愈合等。展开更多
Water-blown polyurethane rigid foams are getting more and more attention,because the traditional blowing agent HCFC141b has already been abolished to prevent the ozone layer from destruction.However,the polyurethane r...Water-blown polyurethane rigid foams are getting more and more attention,because the traditional blowing agent HCFC141b has already been abolished to prevent the ozone layer from destruction.However,the polyurethane rigid foams blown by water have serious defects,i.e.friability and resulting lower adhesion strength.Thus,the purpose of this study is to resolve the problems by chemical plastication.The maleate was added to polyol-premix containing water or to polyisocyanate,with both of which maleate does not react.To prove the reaction when polyol-premix and polyisocyanate were mixed,the model composite was synthesized and analyzed by IR,NMR and ESI(MS).Furthermore,a series of water-blown polyurethane rigid foams added different amount maleate were successfully prepared.By testing impact strength and adhesion strength of the foams,the actual effect of adding maleate was obtained.展开更多
文摘背景:治疗后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折的最佳手术技术仍值得商榷。随着关节镜手术的应用与成熟,它在后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折的诊疗中有很大前景。目的:综述关节镜技术在后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折治疗中的应用与进展,包括不同关节镜治疗方法、手术入路、胫骨隧道设计、缝合材料选择以及内固定植入物选择等。方法:通过计算机对中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science及ScienceDirect等数据库中的相关文献进行检索,检索时间为2003年1月至2023年11月,中文检索词为“后交叉韧带,后十字韧带,撕脱骨折,关节镜”;英文检索词为“posterior cruciate ligament,avulsion,fracture,tibia,arthroscopic,operation,fixation,treatment”。共纳入97篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:关节镜技术提供了一种可靠的治疗方式来治疗后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折。根据入路、缝合材料类型以及用于缝合的入路和胫骨隧道数量等不同,关节镜技术可以分为关节镜下缝线固定结合自体移植物增强重建、关节镜下多交叉带缝合桥固定、关节镜下高强度缝线固定以及关节镜下直接前后缝合悬吊固定等几类。在各种研究中,常用的临床结果评估指标包括关节活动度、Lysholm评分、国际膝关节文献委员会评分及KT-2000关节测量仪差等,研究显示关节镜手术后末次随访时上述指标检测结果较术前显著改善,影像学随访结果显示关节镜手术都取得了令人满意的结果。在随访过程中,接受关节镜技术治疗后的各类交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折患者都未出现严重并发症,例如创伤性关节炎、神经血管损伤、围手术期伤口感染、血栓形成以及骨折不愈合等。
文摘Water-blown polyurethane rigid foams are getting more and more attention,because the traditional blowing agent HCFC141b has already been abolished to prevent the ozone layer from destruction.However,the polyurethane rigid foams blown by water have serious defects,i.e.friability and resulting lower adhesion strength.Thus,the purpose of this study is to resolve the problems by chemical plastication.The maleate was added to polyol-premix containing water or to polyisocyanate,with both of which maleate does not react.To prove the reaction when polyol-premix and polyisocyanate were mixed,the model composite was synthesized and analyzed by IR,NMR and ESI(MS).Furthermore,a series of water-blown polyurethane rigid foams added different amount maleate were successfully prepared.By testing impact strength and adhesion strength of the foams,the actual effect of adding maleate was obtained.
