BACKGROUND Genetic screening for breast cancer gene 1(BRCA)1/2 mutations can inform breast/ovarian/pancreatic cancer patients of suitable therapeutic interventions.Four to seven percent of pancreatic cancer patients h...BACKGROUND Genetic screening for breast cancer gene 1(BRCA)1/2 mutations can inform breast/ovarian/pancreatic cancer patients of suitable therapeutic interventions.Four to seven percent of pancreatic cancer patients have germline BRCA mutations.BRCA genes aid in DNA repair,especially homologous recombination,which impacts genomic stability and cancer cell growth.BRCA1 regulates the cell cycle,ubiquitination,and chromatin remodeling,whereas BRCA2 stimulates the immune response.They predict the efficacy of platinum chemotherapy or polymerase(PARP)inhibitors such as olaparib.AIM To determine the trends and future directions in the use of olaparib for pancreatic cancer treatment.METHODS To evaluate the trends in how olaparib works in pancreatic cancer,we performed a bibliometric analysis.One hundred and ninety-six related publications were accessed from the Web of Science Core Collection and were published between 2009 and 2022.The analytic parameters included publications,related citations,productive countries and institutes,influential authors,and keyword development.RESULTS This study visualizes and discusses the current research,including the present global trends and future directions in olaparib and pancreatic cancer.Overall,this study sheds light on optimizing the use of olaparib in pancreatic cancer treatment,Feng X et al.The use of olaparib in pancreatic cancer WJGO https://www.wjgnet.com 4490 November 15,2024 Volume 16 Issue 11 offering valuable guidance for researchers in this field.CONCLUSION Our findings identified trends in olaparib and pancreatic cancer,with China and the USA leading and with global cooperation tightening.O'Reilly EM's team and Memorial Sloan-Kettering had the highest output.The Journal of Clinical Oncology was the most cited journal.More PARP inhibitors are emerging,and combination therapy is suggested for future therapeutic trends.展开更多
依据“基于人工智能技术的工商管理发展”学术研讨会,本文结合相关研究前沿问题和国家重大需求,系统总结了当前工商管理关于人工智能研究的现状、机遇与挑战。总体来看,当前研究主要将人工智能技术作为研究工具、方法或情景,将人工智能...依据“基于人工智能技术的工商管理发展”学术研讨会,本文结合相关研究前沿问题和国家重大需求,系统总结了当前工商管理关于人工智能研究的现状、机遇与挑战。总体来看,当前研究主要将人工智能技术作为研究工具、方法或情景,将人工智能作为研究对象构建新创理论的实证研究相对不足,面临理论发展滞后、研究方法不足、研究路径单一、跨学科整合不足以及对相关伦理问题重视度不够等五大挑战。在此基础上,利用Web of Science全面检索并梳理了2022年1月至2024年3月间与人工智能主题直接相关的工商管理期刊论文225篇,归纳了当前工商管理学科各个细分方向研究的主要进展,凝练了面向人工智能的组织结构与设计、组织能力演化、组织行为与人力资源管理变革、人机协同、数字营销、金融财会风险监管、信息系统、管理哲学与文化等八大方面的关键科学问题,指出了我国工商管理学科在人工智能时代的发展目标与研究方向。展开更多
Enhancing photosynthetic efficiency is a major goal for improving crop yields under agricultural field conditions and is associated with chloroplast biosynthesis and development.In this study,we demonstrate that Golde...Enhancing photosynthetic efficiency is a major goal for improving crop yields under agricultural field conditions and is associated with chloroplast biosynthesis and development.In this study,we demonstrate that Golden2-like 1a(BnGLK1a)plays an important role in regulating chloroplast development and photosynthetic efficiency.Overexpressing BnGLK1a resulted in significant increases in chlorophyll content,the number of thylakoid membrane layers and photosynthetic efficiency in Brassica napus,while knocking down BnGLK1a transcript levels through RNA interference(RNAi)had the opposite effects.A yeast two-hybrid screen revealed that BnGLK1a interacts with the abscisic acid receptor PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE 1-LIKE 1-2(BnPYL1-2)and CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 9 SIGNALOSOME 5A subunit(BnCSN5A),which play essential roles in regulating chloroplast development and photosynthesis.Consistent with this,BnGLK1a-RNAi lines of B.napus display hypersensitivity to the abscisic acid(ABA)response.Importantly,overexpression of BnGLK1a resulted in a 10%increase in thousand-seed weight,whereas seeds from BnGLK1a-RNAi lines were 16%lighter than wild type.We propose that BnGLK1a could be a potential target in breeding for improving rapeseed productivity.Our results not only provide insights into the mechanisms of BnGLK1a function,but also offer a potential approach for improving the productivity of Brassica species.展开更多
Rigid-flexible composite pavement has gained significant popularity in recent decades.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the research progress concerning rigid-flexible composite pavement,aiming to promote ...Rigid-flexible composite pavement has gained significant popularity in recent decades.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the research progress concerning rigid-flexible composite pavement,aiming to promote its application and address key issues while identifying future directions.The design theory and methodology of rigid-flexible composite pavement are discussed,followed by a description of its structural and mechanical behavior characteristics.The load stress,temperature stress,and their interactive effects between the asphalt layer and the rigid base were analyzed.It is clarified that the asphalt layer serves a dual role as both a“functional layer”and a“structural layer”.Typical distresses of rigid-flexible composite pavement,which primarily occur in the asphalt layer,were discussed.These distresses include reflective cracking,top-down cracking,rutting,and compressive-shear failure.Generally,the integrity of the rigid base and the interlaminar bonding conditions significantly impact the performance and distress of the asphalt layer.The technology for enhancing the performance of rigid-flexible composite pavement is summarized in three aspects:asphalt layer properties,rigid base integrity,and interlaminar bonding condition.The study concludes that developing high-performance pavement materials based on their structural behaviors is an effective approach to improve the performance and durability of rigid-flexible composite pavement.The integrated design of structure and materials represents the future direction of road design.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is one of the most lethal malignancies with high mortality and short survival time.Computed tomography(CT)plays an important role in the diagnosis,staging and treatment...BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is one of the most lethal malignancies with high mortality and short survival time.Computed tomography(CT)plays an important role in the diagnosis,staging and treatment of pancreatic tumour.Pancreatic cancer generally shows a low enhancement pattern compared with normal pancreatic tissue.AIM To analyse whether preoperative enhanced CT could be used to predict postoperative overall survival in patients with PDAC.METHODS Sixty-seven patients with PDAC undergoing pancreatic resection were enrolled retrospectively.All patients underwent preoperative unenhanced and enhanced CT examination,the CT values of which were measured.The ratio of the preoperative CT value increase from the nonenhancement phase to the portal venous phase between pancreatic tumour and normal pancreatic tissue was calculated.The cut-off value of ratios was obtained by the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of the tumour relative enhancement ratio(TRER),according to which patients were divided into low-and high-enhancement groups.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using Cox regression based on TRER grouping.Finally,the correlation between TRER and clinicopathological characteristics was analysed.RESULTS The area under the curve of the ROC curve was 0.768(P<0.05),and the cut-off value of the ROC curve was calculated as 0.7.TRER≤0.7 was defined as the low-enhancement group,and TRER>0.7 was defined as the high-enhancement group.According to the TRER grouping,the Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis results showed that the median survival(10.0 mo)with TRER≤0.7 was significantly shorter than that(22.0 mo)with TRER>0.7(P<0.05).In the univariate and multivariate analyses,the prognosis of patients with TRER≤0.7 was significantly worse than that of patients with TRER>0.7(P<0.05).Our results demonstrated that patients in the low TRER group were more likely to have higher American Joint Committee on Cancer stage,tumour stage and lymph node stage(all P<0.05),and TRER was significantly negatively correlated with tumour size(P<0.05).CONCLUSION TRER≤0.7 in patients with PDAC may represent a tumour with higher clinical stage and result in a shorter overall survival.展开更多
BACKGROUND Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma(pCCA)has a poor prognosis and urgently needs a better predictive method.The predictive value of the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index(ACCI)for the long-term prognosis of p...BACKGROUND Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma(pCCA)has a poor prognosis and urgently needs a better predictive method.The predictive value of the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index(ACCI)for the long-term prognosis of patients with multiple malignancies was recently reported.However,pCCA is one of the most surgically difficult gastrointestinal tumors with the poorest prognosis,and the value of the ACCI for the prognosis of pCCA patients after curative resection is unclear.AIM To evaluate the prognostic value of the ACCI and to design an online clinical model for pCCA patients.METHODS Consecutive pCCA patients after curative resection between 2010 and 2019 were enrolled from a multicenter database.The patients were randomly assigned 3:1 to training and validation cohorts.In the training and validation cohorts,all patients were divided into low-,moderate-,and high-ACCI groups.Kaplan-Meier curves were used to determine the impact of the ACCI on overall survival(OS)for pCCA patients,and multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors affecting OS.An online clinical model based on the ACCI was developed and validated.The concordance index(C-index),calibration curve,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve were used to evaluate the predictive performance and fit of this model.RESULTS A total of 325 patients were included.There were 244 patients in the training cohort and 81 patients in the validation cohort.In the training cohort,116,91 and 37 patients were classified into the low-,moderate-and high-ACCI groups.The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that patients in the moderate-and high-ACCI groups had worse survival rates than those in the low-ACCI group.Multivariable analysis revealed that moderate and high ACCI scores were independently associated with OS in pCCA patients after curative resection.In addition,an online clinical model was developed that had ideal C-indexes of 0.725 and 0.675 for predicting OS in the training and validation cohorts.The calibration curve and ROC curve indicated that the model had a good fit and prediction performance.CONCLUSION A high ACCI score may predict poor long-term survival in pCCA patients after curative resection.High-risk patients screened by the ACCI-based model should be given more clinical attention in terms of the management of comorbidities and postoperative follow-up.展开更多
基金the Zhejiang Provincial Medical and Health Science and Technology Program,No.2024KY1109.
文摘BACKGROUND Genetic screening for breast cancer gene 1(BRCA)1/2 mutations can inform breast/ovarian/pancreatic cancer patients of suitable therapeutic interventions.Four to seven percent of pancreatic cancer patients have germline BRCA mutations.BRCA genes aid in DNA repair,especially homologous recombination,which impacts genomic stability and cancer cell growth.BRCA1 regulates the cell cycle,ubiquitination,and chromatin remodeling,whereas BRCA2 stimulates the immune response.They predict the efficacy of platinum chemotherapy or polymerase(PARP)inhibitors such as olaparib.AIM To determine the trends and future directions in the use of olaparib for pancreatic cancer treatment.METHODS To evaluate the trends in how olaparib works in pancreatic cancer,we performed a bibliometric analysis.One hundred and ninety-six related publications were accessed from the Web of Science Core Collection and were published between 2009 and 2022.The analytic parameters included publications,related citations,productive countries and institutes,influential authors,and keyword development.RESULTS This study visualizes and discusses the current research,including the present global trends and future directions in olaparib and pancreatic cancer.Overall,this study sheds light on optimizing the use of olaparib in pancreatic cancer treatment,Feng X et al.The use of olaparib in pancreatic cancer WJGO https://www.wjgnet.com 4490 November 15,2024 Volume 16 Issue 11 offering valuable guidance for researchers in this field.CONCLUSION Our findings identified trends in olaparib and pancreatic cancer,with China and the USA leading and with global cooperation tightening.O'Reilly EM's team and Memorial Sloan-Kettering had the highest output.The Journal of Clinical Oncology was the most cited journal.More PARP inhibitors are emerging,and combination therapy is suggested for future therapeutic trends.
文摘依据“基于人工智能技术的工商管理发展”学术研讨会,本文结合相关研究前沿问题和国家重大需求,系统总结了当前工商管理关于人工智能研究的现状、机遇与挑战。总体来看,当前研究主要将人工智能技术作为研究工具、方法或情景,将人工智能作为研究对象构建新创理论的实证研究相对不足,面临理论发展滞后、研究方法不足、研究路径单一、跨学科整合不足以及对相关伦理问题重视度不够等五大挑战。在此基础上,利用Web of Science全面检索并梳理了2022年1月至2024年3月间与人工智能主题直接相关的工商管理期刊论文225篇,归纳了当前工商管理学科各个细分方向研究的主要进展,凝练了面向人工智能的组织结构与设计、组织能力演化、组织行为与人力资源管理变革、人机协同、数字营销、金融财会风险监管、信息系统、管理哲学与文化等八大方面的关键科学问题,指出了我国工商管理学科在人工智能时代的发展目标与研究方向。
基金This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172597 and 31830067)the Chongqing Talents of Exceptional Young Talents Project,China(CQYC202005097,cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0204,and cstc2021jcyj-bshX0002)+2 种基金the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-12)the 111 Project,China(B12006)the Germplasm Creation Special Program of Southwest University,China。
文摘Enhancing photosynthetic efficiency is a major goal for improving crop yields under agricultural field conditions and is associated with chloroplast biosynthesis and development.In this study,we demonstrate that Golden2-like 1a(BnGLK1a)plays an important role in regulating chloroplast development and photosynthetic efficiency.Overexpressing BnGLK1a resulted in significant increases in chlorophyll content,the number of thylakoid membrane layers and photosynthetic efficiency in Brassica napus,while knocking down BnGLK1a transcript levels through RNA interference(RNAi)had the opposite effects.A yeast two-hybrid screen revealed that BnGLK1a interacts with the abscisic acid receptor PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE 1-LIKE 1-2(BnPYL1-2)and CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 9 SIGNALOSOME 5A subunit(BnCSN5A),which play essential roles in regulating chloroplast development and photosynthesis.Consistent with this,BnGLK1a-RNAi lines of B.napus display hypersensitivity to the abscisic acid(ABA)response.Importantly,overexpression of BnGLK1a resulted in a 10%increase in thousand-seed weight,whereas seeds from BnGLK1a-RNAi lines were 16%lighter than wild type.We propose that BnGLK1a could be a potential target in breeding for improving rapeseed productivity.Our results not only provide insights into the mechanisms of BnGLK1a function,but also offer a potential approach for improving the productivity of Brassica species.
基金This manuscript is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFB2601000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52278437,52008044)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant No.2022JJ40479)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Provincial Department of Transportation(Grant No.202236)the Changsha Outstanding Innovative Youth Training Program Project(Grant No.kq2306009).
文摘Rigid-flexible composite pavement has gained significant popularity in recent decades.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the research progress concerning rigid-flexible composite pavement,aiming to promote its application and address key issues while identifying future directions.The design theory and methodology of rigid-flexible composite pavement are discussed,followed by a description of its structural and mechanical behavior characteristics.The load stress,temperature stress,and their interactive effects between the asphalt layer and the rigid base were analyzed.It is clarified that the asphalt layer serves a dual role as both a“functional layer”and a“structural layer”.Typical distresses of rigid-flexible composite pavement,which primarily occur in the asphalt layer,were discussed.These distresses include reflective cracking,top-down cracking,rutting,and compressive-shear failure.Generally,the integrity of the rigid base and the interlaminar bonding conditions significantly impact the performance and distress of the asphalt layer.The technology for enhancing the performance of rigid-flexible composite pavement is summarized in three aspects:asphalt layer properties,rigid base integrity,and interlaminar bonding condition.The study concludes that developing high-performance pavement materials based on their structural behaviors is an effective approach to improve the performance and durability of rigid-flexible composite pavement.The integrated design of structure and materials represents the future direction of road design.
基金Supported by the Medical Centre of Minimally Invasive Technology of Fujian Province,No.2017[171],and No.2017[4]Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology,Fujian Province,No.2017Y9059the United Fujian Provincial Health and Education Project for Tackling the Key Research,No.2019-WJ-07.
文摘BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is one of the most lethal malignancies with high mortality and short survival time.Computed tomography(CT)plays an important role in the diagnosis,staging and treatment of pancreatic tumour.Pancreatic cancer generally shows a low enhancement pattern compared with normal pancreatic tissue.AIM To analyse whether preoperative enhanced CT could be used to predict postoperative overall survival in patients with PDAC.METHODS Sixty-seven patients with PDAC undergoing pancreatic resection were enrolled retrospectively.All patients underwent preoperative unenhanced and enhanced CT examination,the CT values of which were measured.The ratio of the preoperative CT value increase from the nonenhancement phase to the portal venous phase between pancreatic tumour and normal pancreatic tissue was calculated.The cut-off value of ratios was obtained by the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of the tumour relative enhancement ratio(TRER),according to which patients were divided into low-and high-enhancement groups.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using Cox regression based on TRER grouping.Finally,the correlation between TRER and clinicopathological characteristics was analysed.RESULTS The area under the curve of the ROC curve was 0.768(P<0.05),and the cut-off value of the ROC curve was calculated as 0.7.TRER≤0.7 was defined as the low-enhancement group,and TRER>0.7 was defined as the high-enhancement group.According to the TRER grouping,the Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis results showed that the median survival(10.0 mo)with TRER≤0.7 was significantly shorter than that(22.0 mo)with TRER>0.7(P<0.05).In the univariate and multivariate analyses,the prognosis of patients with TRER≤0.7 was significantly worse than that of patients with TRER>0.7(P<0.05).Our results demonstrated that patients in the low TRER group were more likely to have higher American Joint Committee on Cancer stage,tumour stage and lymph node stage(all P<0.05),and TRER was significantly negatively correlated with tumour size(P<0.05).CONCLUSION TRER≤0.7 in patients with PDAC may represent a tumour with higher clinical stage and result in a shorter overall survival.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 81874211Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Development Special Key Project,No. CSTC2021jscx-gksb-N0009
文摘BACKGROUND Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma(pCCA)has a poor prognosis and urgently needs a better predictive method.The predictive value of the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index(ACCI)for the long-term prognosis of patients with multiple malignancies was recently reported.However,pCCA is one of the most surgically difficult gastrointestinal tumors with the poorest prognosis,and the value of the ACCI for the prognosis of pCCA patients after curative resection is unclear.AIM To evaluate the prognostic value of the ACCI and to design an online clinical model for pCCA patients.METHODS Consecutive pCCA patients after curative resection between 2010 and 2019 were enrolled from a multicenter database.The patients were randomly assigned 3:1 to training and validation cohorts.In the training and validation cohorts,all patients were divided into low-,moderate-,and high-ACCI groups.Kaplan-Meier curves were used to determine the impact of the ACCI on overall survival(OS)for pCCA patients,and multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors affecting OS.An online clinical model based on the ACCI was developed and validated.The concordance index(C-index),calibration curve,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve were used to evaluate the predictive performance and fit of this model.RESULTS A total of 325 patients were included.There were 244 patients in the training cohort and 81 patients in the validation cohort.In the training cohort,116,91 and 37 patients were classified into the low-,moderate-and high-ACCI groups.The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that patients in the moderate-and high-ACCI groups had worse survival rates than those in the low-ACCI group.Multivariable analysis revealed that moderate and high ACCI scores were independently associated with OS in pCCA patients after curative resection.In addition,an online clinical model was developed that had ideal C-indexes of 0.725 and 0.675 for predicting OS in the training and validation cohorts.The calibration curve and ROC curve indicated that the model had a good fit and prediction performance.CONCLUSION A high ACCI score may predict poor long-term survival in pCCA patients after curative resection.High-risk patients screened by the ACCI-based model should be given more clinical attention in terms of the management of comorbidities and postoperative follow-up.
