Single Tooth Segmentation on Panoramic X-Rays Using End-to-End Deep Neural Networks

In dentistry, panoramic X-ray images are extensively used by dentists for tooth structure analysis and disease diagnosis. However, the manual analysis of these images is time-consuming and prone to misdiagnosis or overlooked. While deep learning techniques have been employed to segment teeth in panoramic X-ray images, accurate segmentation of individual teeth remains an underexplored area. In this study, we propose an end-to-end deep learning method that effectively addresses this challenge by employing an improved combinatorial loss function to separate the boundaries of adjacent teeth, enabling precise segmentation of individual teeth in panoramic X-ray images. We validate the feasibility of our approach using a challenging dataset. By training our segmentation network on 115 panoramic X-ray images, we achieve an intersection over union (IoU) of 86.56% for tooth segmentation and an accuracy of 65.52% in tooth counting on 87 test set images. Experimental results demonstrate the significant improvement of our proposed method in single tooth segmentation compared to existing methods.

Atherosis-associated lnc_000048 activates PKR to enhance STAT1-mediated polarization of THP-1 macrophages to M1 phenotype

Our previous study has demonstrated that lnc_000048 is upregulated in large-artery atherosclerotic stroke and promotes atherosclerosis in ApoE^(-/-)mice.However,little is known about the role of lnc_000048 in classically activated macrophage(M1)polarization.In this study,we established THP-1-derived testing state macrophages(M0),M1 macrophages,and alternately activated macrophages(M2).Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to verify the expression of marker genes and the expression of lnc_000048 in macrophages.Flow cytometry was used to detect phenotypic proteins(CD11b,CD38,CD80).We generated cell lines with lentivirus-mediated upregulation or downregulation of lnc_000048.Flow cytometry,western blot,and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that down-regulation of lnc_000048 reduced M1 macrophage polarization and the inflammation response,while over-expression of lnc_000048 led to the opposite effect.Western blot results indicated that lnc_000048 enhanced the activation of the STAT1 pathway and mediated the M1 macrophage polarization.Moreover,catRAPID prediction,RNA-pull down,and mass spectrometry were used to identify and screen the protein kinase RNA-activated(PKR),then catRAPID and RPIseq were used to predict the binding ability of lnc_000048 to PKR.Immunofluorescence(IF)-RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)double labeling was performed to verify the subcellular colocalization of lnc_000048 and PKR in the cytoplasm of M1 macrophage.We speculate that lnc_000048 may form stem-loop structure-specific binding and activate PKR by inducing its phosphorylation,leading to activation of STAT1 phosphorylation and thereby enhancing STAT1 pathway-mediated polarization of THP-1 macrophages to M1 and inflammatory factor expression.Taken together,these results reveal that the lnc_000048/PKR/STAT1 axis plays a crucial role in the polarization of M1 macrophages and may be a novel therapeutic target for atherosclerosis alleviation in stroke.

Systemic modulation of skeletal mineralization by magnesium implant promoting fracture healing: Radiological exploration enhanced with PCA-based machine learning in a rat femoral model

The clinical application of magnesium(Mg)and its alloys for bone fractures has been well supported by in vitro and in vivo trials.However,there were studies indicating negative effects of high dose Mg intake and sustained local release of Mg ions on bone metabolism or repair,which should not be ignored when developing Mg-based implants.Thus,it remains necessary to assess the biological effects of Mg implants in animal models relevant to clinical treatment modalities.The primary purpose of this study was to validate the beneficial effects of intramedullary Mg implants on the healing outcome of femoral fractures in a modified rat model.In addition,the mineralization parameters at multiple anatomical sites were evaluated,to investigate their association with healing outcome and potential clinical applications.Compared to the control group without Mg implantation,postoperative imaging at week 12 demonstrated better healing outcomes in the Mg group,with more stable unions in 3D analysis and high-mineralized bridging in 2D evaluation.The bone tissue mineral density(TMD)was higher in the Mg group at the non-operated femur and lumbar vertebra,while no differences between groups were identified regarding the bone tissue volume(TV),TMD and bone mineral content(BMC)in humerus.In the surgical femur,the Mg group presented higher TMD,but lower TV and BMC in the distal metaphyseal region,as well as reduced BMC at the osteotomy site.Principal component analysis(PCA)-based machine learning revealed that by selecting clinically relevant parameters,radiological markers could be constructed for differentiation of healing outcomes,with better performance than 2D scoring.The study provides insights and preclinical evidence for the rational investigation of bioactive materials,the identification of potential adverse effects,and the promotion of diagnostic capabilities for fracture healing.

ROS Balance Autoregulating Core-Shell CeO_(2)@ZIF-8/Au Nanoplatform for Wound Repair

Reactive oxygen species(ROS)plays important roles in living organisms.While ROS is a double-edged sword,which can eliminate drug-resistant bacteria,but excessive levels can cause oxidative damage to cells.A core–shell nanozyme,Ce O_(2)@ZIF-8/Au,has been crafted,spontaneously activating both ROS generating and scavenging functions,achieving the multifaceted functions of eliminating bacteria,reducing inflammation,and promoting wound healing.The Au Nanoparticles(NPs)on the shell exhibit high-efficiency peroxidase-like activity,producing ROS to kill bacteria.Meanwhile,the encapsulation of Ce O_(2) core within ZIF-8 provides a seal for temporarily limiting the superoxide dismutase and catalase-like activities of Ce O_(2) nanoparticles.Subsequently,as the ZIF-8 structure decomposes in the acidic microenvironment,the Ce O_(2) core is gradually released,exerting its ROS scavenging activity to eliminate excess ROS produced by the Au NPs.These two functions automatically and continuously regulate the balance of ROS levels,ultimately achieving the function of killing bacteria,reducing inflammation,and promoting wound healing.Such innovative ROS spontaneous regulators hold immense potential for revolutionizing the field of antibacterial agents and therapies.

Peri-implant gas accumulation in response to magnesium-based musculoskeletal biomaterials:Reframing current evidence for preclinical research and clinical evaluation

Historically,the rapid degradation and massive gas release from magnesium(Mg)implants resulted in severe emphysema and mechanical failure.With the advent of new alloys and surface treatment methods,optimized Mg implants have re-entered clinics since last decade with reliable performance.However,the optimization aims at slowing down the degradation process,rather than exemption of the gas release.This study involved a systematic evaluation of current preclinical and clinical evidence,regarding the physical signs,symptoms,radiological features,pathological findings and complications potentially associated with peri±implant gas accumulation(PIGA)after musculoskeletal Mg implantation.The literature search identified 196 potentially relevant publications,and 51 papers were enrolled for further analysis,including 22 preclinical tests and 29 clinical studies published from 2005 to 2023.Various Mg-based materials have been evaluated in animal research,and the application of pure Mg and Mg alloys have been reported in clinical follow-ups involving multiple anatomical sites and musculoskeletal disorders.Soft tissue and intraosseous PIGA are common in both animal tests and clinical follow-ups,and potentially associated with certain adverse events.Radiological examinations especially micro-CT and clinical CT scans provide valuable information for quantitative and longitudinal analysis.While according to simulation tests involving Mg implantation and chemical processing,tissue fixation could lead to an increase in the volume of gas cavity,thus the results obtained from ex vivo imaging or histopathological evaluations should be interpreted with caution.There still lacks standardized procedures or consensus for both preclinical and clinical evaluation of PIGA.However,by providing focused insights into the topic,this evidence-based study will facilitate future animal tests and clinical evaluations,and support developing biocompatible Mg implants for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.

床旁超声预测脓毒症休克合并机械通气患者容量反应性的临床价值

目的 探讨床旁超声在预测脓毒症休克合并机械通气患者容量反应性中的临床价值。方法 前瞻性纳入2019年1月1日至2020年12月31日我院重症医学科收治的脓毒症休克患者,分别于容量负荷试验前后应用脉搏指示连续心排量监测获得心率、平均动脉压、中心静脉压、心脏指数(CI)、胸腔内血容积指数、每搏量变异度(SVV);应用床旁超声测量颈动脉血流动力学参数,计算下腔静脉内径变异度(ΔIVCd)、颈动脉峰流速变异度(ΔCDPV)、颈动脉血流量及颈动脉血流量变异度(ΔCBF)。将容量负荷试验后CI增加值(ΔCI)≥10%定义为容量反应阳性,根据患者有无容量反应性进行分组,比较两组容量负荷试验前后上述参数的差异;分析各血流动力学参数与ΔCI的相关性;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析各血流动力学参数对脓毒症休克合并机械通气患者容量反应性的预测价值。结果 最终纳入49例患者,其中有容量反应性者26例(有反应性组),无容量反应性者23例(无反应性组)。有反应性组容量负荷试验前SVV、ΔIVCd、ΔCDPV均高于无反应性组,ΔCBF高于无反应性组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,容量负荷试验前SVV、ΔIVCd、ΔCDPV和ΔCBF均与ΔCI呈正相关(r=0.425、0.856、0.855、0.874,均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,SVV、ΔIVCd、ΔCDPV、ΔCBF预测脓毒症休克合并机械通气患者容量反应性的曲线下面积分别为0.696、0.713、0.725、0.734。结论 应用床旁超声监测颈动脉血流动力学参数可有效预测无自主呼吸、无心律失常的脓毒症休克合并机械通气患者的容量反应性,有一定的临床价值。

Recent progress in thermodynamic and kinetics modification of magnesium hydride hydrogen storage materials

Hydrogen energy has emerged as a pivotal solution to address the global energy crisis and pave the way for a cleaner,low-carbon,secure,and efficient modern energy system.A key imperative in the utilization of hydrogen energy lies in the development of high-performance hydrogen storage materials.Magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials exhibit remarkable advantages,including high hydrogen storage density,cost-effectiveness,and abundant magnesium resources,making them highly promising for the hydrogen energy sector.Nonetheless,practical applications of magnesium hydride for hydrogen storage face significant challenges,primarily due to their slow kinetics and stable thermodynamic properties.Herein,we briefly summarize the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of MgH2,encompassing strategies such as alloying,nanoscaling,catalyst doping,and composite system construction to enhance its hydrogen storage performance.Notably,nanoscaling and catalyst doping have emerged as more effective modification strategies.The discussion focuses on the thermodynamic changes induced by nanoscaling and the kinetic enhancements resulting from catalyst doping.Particular emphasis lies in the synergistic improvement strategy of incorporating nanocatalysts with confinement materials,and we revisit typical works on the multi-strategy optimization of MgH2.In conclusion,we conduct an analysis of outstanding challenges and issues,followed by presenting future research and development prospects for MgH2 as hydrogen storage materials.

中国影夜蛾属二新种和二新记录种记述(鳞翅目:目夜蛾科)

记述中国影夜蛾属2新种:太白山影夜蛾Lygephila taibaishanensis sp. nov.(陕西)和承德影夜蛾L. chengdeensis sp. nov.(河北),及2新记录种:L. vicioides (Hampson, 1926)(西藏)和L. emaculata(Graeser, 1892)(黑龙江),提供了新种和新记录种的成虫和外生殖器特征图及分布信息。

Hydrocarbon gas huff-n-puff optimization of multiple horizontal wells with complex fracture networks in the M unconventional reservoir

The oil production of the multi-fractured horizontal wells(MFHWs) declines quickly in unconventional oil reservoirs due to the fast depletion of natural energy. Gas injection has been acknowledged as an effective method to improve oil recovery factor from unconventional oil reservoirs. Hydrocarbon gas huff-n-puff becomes preferable when the CO_(2) source is limited. However, the impact of complex fracture networks and well interference on the EOR performance of multiple MFHWs is still unclear. The optimal gas huff-n-puff parameters are significant for enhancing oil recovery. This work aims to optimize the hydrocarbon gas injection and production parameters for multiple MFHWs with complex fracture networks in unconventional oil reservoirs. Firstly, the numerical model based on unstructured grids is developed to characterize the complex fracture networks and capture the dynamic fracture features.Secondly, the PVT phase behavior simulation was carried out to provide the fluid model for numerical simulation. Thirdly, the optimal parameters for hydrocarbon gas huff-n-puff were obtained. Finally, the dominant factors of hydrocarbon gas huff-n-puff under complex fracture networks are obtained by fuzzy mathematical method. Results reveal that the current pressure of hydrocarbon gas injection can achieve miscible displacement. The optimal injection and production parameters are obtained by single-factor analysis to analyze the effect of individual parameter. Gas injection time is the dominant factor of hydrocarbon gas huff-n-puff in unconventional oil reservoirs with complex fracture networks. This work can offer engineers guidance for hydrocarbon gas huff-n-puff of multiple MFHWs considering the complex fracture networks.

A gel polymer electrolyte based on IL@NH_(2)-MIL-53(Al)for high-performance all-solid-state lithium metal batteries

Solid polymer composite electrolytes possess the benefits of superior compatibility with electrodes and good thermal characteristics for more secure energy storage equipment.Herein,a new gel polymer electrolyte(GPE)containing NH_(2)-MIL-53(Al),[PP_(13)][TFSI],LiTFSI,and PVDF-HFP was prepared using a simple method of solution casting.The effects of encapsulating different ratios of ionic liquid([PP_(13)][TFSI])into the micropores of functionalized metal-organic frameworks(NH_(2)-MIL-53(Al))on the electrochemical properties were compared.XRD,SEM,nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms,and electrochemical measurements were conducted.This GPE demonstrates a superior ionic conductivity of 8.08×10^(-4)S·cm^(-1)at 60℃and can sustain a discharge specific capacity of 156.6 mA·h·g^(-1)at 0.2 C for over 100 cycles.This work might offer a potential approach to alleviate the solid-solid contact with the solid-state electrolyte and electrodes and broaden a new window for the creation of all-solid-state batteries.

Pharmacometabolomics and mass spectrometry imaging approach to reveal the neurochemical mechanisms of Polygala tenuifolia

Polygala tenuifolia,commonly known as Yuanzhi(YZ)in Chinese,has been shown to possess antiinsomnia properties.However,the material basis and the mechanism underlying its sedative-hypnotic effects remain unclear.Herein,we investigated the active components and neurochemical mechanism of YZ extracts using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)-based pharmacometabolomics and mass spectrometry imaging(MSI)-based spatial resolved metabolomics.According to the results,17 prototypes out of 101 ingredients in the YZ extract were detected in both the plasma and brain,which might be the major components contributing to the sedative-hypnotic effects.Network pharmacology analysis revealed that these prototypes may exert their effects through neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,serotonergic synapse,dopaminergic synapse,and dopaminergic synapse,among other pathways.LC-MS/MS-based targeted metabolomics and Western blot(WB)revealed that tryptophan-serotonin-melatonin(Trp-5-HT-Mel)and tyrosine-norepinephrine-adrenaline(Tyr-Ne-Ad)are the key regulated pathways.Dopa decarboxylase(DDC)upregulation and phenylethanolamine Nmethyltransferase(PNMT)downregulation further confirmed these pathways.Furthermore,MSI-based spatially resolved metabolomics revealed notable alterations in 5-HT in the pineal gland(PG),and Ad in the brainstem,including the middle brain(MB),pons(PN),and hypothalamus(HY).In summary,this study illustrates the efficacy of an integrated multidimensional metabolomics approach in unraveling the sedative-hypnotic effects and neurochemical mechanisms of a Chinese herbal medicine,YZ.

An Opposition-Based Learning-Based Search Mechanism for Flying Foxes Optimization Algorithm

The flying foxes optimization(FFO)algorithm,as a newly introduced metaheuristic algorithm,is inspired by the survival tactics of flying foxes in heat wave environments.FFO preferentially selects the best-performing individuals.This tendency will cause the newly generated solution to remain closely tied to the candidate optimal in the search area.To address this issue,the paper introduces an opposition-based learning-based search mechanism for FFO algorithm(IFFO).Firstly,this paper introduces niching techniques to improve the survival list method,which not only focuses on the adaptability of individuals but also considers the population’s crowding degree to enhance the global search capability.Secondly,an initialization strategy of opposition-based learning is used to perturb the initial population and elevate its quality.Finally,to verify the superiority of the improved search mechanism,IFFO,FFO and the cutting-edge metaheuristic algorithms are compared and analyzed using a set of test functions.The results prove that compared with other algorithms,IFFO is characterized by its rapid convergence,precise results and robust stability.

Molecular features of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma: A comparative analysis with lung neuroendocrine carcinoma and digestive adenocarcinomas

Objective: There is an ongoing debate about whether the management of gastroenteropancreatic(GEP)neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC) should follow the guidelines of small-cell lung cancer(SCLC). We aim to identify the genetic differences of GEPNEC and its counterpart.Methods: We recruited GEPNEC patients as the main cohort, with lung NEC and digestive adenocarcinomas as comparative cohorts. All patients undergone next-generation sequencing(NGS). Different gene alterations were compared and analyzed between GEPNEC and lung NEC(LNEC), GEPNEC and adenocarcinoma to yield the remarkable genes.Results: We recruited 257 patients, including 99 GEPNEC, 57 LNEC, and 101 digestive adenocarcinomas.Among the mutations, KRAS, RB1, TERT, IL7R, and CTNNB1 were found to have different gene alterations between GEPNEC and LNEC samples. Specific genes for each site were revealed: gastric NEC(TERT amplification),colorectal NEC(KRAS mutation), and bile tract NEC(ARID1A mutation). The gene disparities between small-cell NEC(SCNEC) and large-cell NEC(LCNEC) were KEAP1 and CDH1. Digestive adenocarcinoma was also compared with GEPNEC and suggested RB1, APC, and KRAS as significant genes. The TP53/RB1 mutation pattern was associated with first-line effectiveness. Putative targetable genes and biomarkers in GEPNEC were identified in22.2% of the patients, and they had longer progression-free survival(PFS) upon targetable treatment [12.5 months vs. 3.0 months, HR=0.40(0.21-0.75), P=0.006].Conclusions: This work demonstrated striking gene distinctions in GEPNEC compared with LNEC and adenocarcinoma and their clinical utility.

重症监护病房自发性脑出血患者深静脉血栓危险因素分析及预测模型构建

目的探讨重症监护病房(ICU)自发性脑出血(sICH)患者发生深静脉血栓(DVT)的危险因素,并构建DVT预测模型。方法回顾性分析2019年1月至2023年1月常熟市第一人民医院ICU收治的357例sICH患者资料,以7∶3比例随机分为训练集(n=254)和验证集(n=103),依据其住院期间是否超声证实发生DVT分为DVT组(n=27)与非DVT组(n=227)。基于训练集数据,采用Logistic单因素及多因素回归分析法筛选DVT的独立危险因素,构建列线图预测模型,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线和校准曲线评估列线图模型的区分度和拟合优度,决策曲线分析(DCA)评价预测模型的临床实用性。结果①共纳入254例训练集患者,其中男157例,女97例,DVT组共27例,发生率为10.63%;②单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析显示,机械通气(OR=3.574,P=0.018)、血肿体积(OR=4.280,P=0.002)、股静脉置管(OR=3.892,P=0.012)及血栓弹力图(TEG)中的凝血因子反应时间(R)(OR=0.337,P=0.021)是重症sICH患者发生DVT的独立危险因素;③基于筛选出的4项独立危险因素建立预测DVT发生风险的列线图模型,经过验证,该模型ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.813(95%CI 0.730~0.896),其校准曲线趋近于理想曲线;DCA提示预测模型具有临床有效性。结论基于Logistic回归分析构建的重症sICH患者DVT风险预测列线图模型对重症sICH患者发生DVT有较好预测效能,可以实现量化、个体化、可视化预测,为临床早期干预决策重症sICH的抗凝方案提供参考。

人工智能技术应用如何影响街头官僚的自由裁量权使用意愿?——一项调查实验研究

街头官僚在执法过程中充分行使自由裁量权是促进执法的教育与处罚手段相结合的重要保障。然而,长期的跟踪调查发现,随着人工智能越来越多地应用于交通执法活动,作为街头官僚的交通警察不再倾向于使用自由裁量权,交通执法出现了“以罚代管”的现象。为了检验该发现并进一步解释街头官僚自由裁量权使用意愿削弱的机制,论文以H省L市190名交通警察为研究对象开展了一次调查实验。研究发现:第一,人工智能应用的确会导致街头官僚的自由裁量权使用意愿下降;第二,感知流程复杂性在其中发挥了部分中介效应。研究结果表明,人工智能技术应用改变了街头官僚执法的客观条件,挤压了街头官僚的行动空间,导致他们行使自由裁量权的意愿降低。论文丰富了针对街头官僚自由裁量权的研究,提供了新的实证证据并发现了新的作用机制,对如何在交通执法中引入人工智能的工作实践提供了有益启示。

An overview of grid-forming technology and its application in new-type power system

To address the global climate crisis,achieving energy transitions is imperative.Establishing a new-type power system is a key measure to achieve CO_(2) emissions peaking and carbon neutrality.The core goal is to transform renewable energy resources into primary power sources.The large-scale integration of high proportions of renewable energy sources and power electronic devices will dramatically change the operational mechanisms and control strategies of power systems.Existing wind and solar converters mostly adopt the grid-following control mode,which leads to significant challenges in system security and stability as it is insufficient to support the frequency and voltage of the grid.On the other hand,grid-forming control technology(GFM)can provide voltage and frequency support for the system,and thus becomes an effective measure to improve the inertia and damping characteristics of power systems.This paper illustrates the principles,control strategies,equipment types,application scenarios,and project implementation of grid-forming technology.The simulation and analysis based on a renewable-dominated real new-type power system show that GFM can significantly enhance the frequency and voltage support capacity of the power system,improve renewable energy accommodation capacity and grid transmission capacity under weak grid conditions,and play an important role in enhancing the stability and power supply reliability of renewable-dominated new-type power systems.

Application value of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging in guiding sentinel lymph node biopsy diagnosis of gastric cancer: Meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system worldwide,and its early diagnosis is crucial to improve the survival rate of patients.Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging(ICG-FI),as a new imaging technology,has shown potential application prospects in oncology surgery.The meta-analysis to study the application value of ICG-FI in the diagnosis of gastric cancer sentinel lymph node biopsy is helpful to comprehensively evaluate the clinical effect of this technology and provide more reliable guidance for clinical practice.AIM To assess the diagnostic efficacy of optical imaging in conjunction with indocya-nine green(ICG)-guided sentinel lymph node(SLN)biopsy for gastric cancer.METHODS Electronic databases such as PubMed,Embase,Medline,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library were searched for prospective diagnostic tests of optical imaging combined with ICG-guided SLN biopsy.Stata 12.0 software was used for analysis by combining the"bivariable mixed effect model"with the"midas"command.The true positive value,false positive value,false negative value,true negative value,and other information from the included literature were extracted.A literature quality assessment map was drawn to describe the overall quality of the included literature.A forest plot was used for heterogeneity analysis,and P<0.01 was considered to indicate statistical significance.A funnel plot was used to assess publication bias,and P<0.1 was considered to indicate statistical significance.The summary receiver operating characteristic(SROC)curve was used to calculate the area under the curve(AUC)to determine the diagnostic accuracy.If there was interstudy heterogeneity(I2>50%),meta-regression analysis and subgroup analysis were performed.analysis were performed.RESULTS Optical imaging involves two methods:Near-infrared(NIR)imaging and fluorescence imaging.A combination of optical imaging and ICG-guided SLN biopsy was useful for diagnosis.The positive likelihood ratio was 30.39(95%CI:0.92-1.00),the sensitivity was 0.95(95%CI:0.82-0.99),and the specificity was 1.00(95%CI:0.92-1.00).The negative likelihood ratio was 0.05(95%CI:0.01-0.20),the diagnostic odds ratio was 225.54(95%CI:88.81-572.77),and the SROC AUC was 1.00(95%CI:The crucial values were sensitivity=0.95(95%CI:0.82-0.99)and specificity=1.00(95%CI:0.92-1.00).The Deeks method revealed that the"diagnostic odds ratio"funnel plot of SLN biopsy for gastric cancer was significantly asymmetrical(P=0.01),suggesting significant publication bias.Further meta-subgroup analysis revealed that,compared with fluorescence imaging,NIR imaging had greater sensitivity(0.98 vs 0.73).Compared with optical imaging immediately after ICG injection,optical imaging after 20 minutes obtained greater sensitivity(0.98 vs 0.70).Compared with that of patients with an average SLN detection number<4,the sensitivity of patients with a SLN detection number≥4 was greater(0.96 vs 0.68).Compared with hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,immunohistochemical(+HE)staining showed greater sensitivity(0.99 vs 0.84).Compared with subserous injection of ICG,submucosal injection achieved greater sensitivity(0.98 vs 0.40).Compared with 5 g/L ICG,0.5 and 0.05 g/L ICG had greater sensitivity(0.98 vs 0.83),and cT1 stage had greater sensitivity(0.96 vs 0.72)than cT2 to cT3 clinical stage.Compared with that of patients≤26,the sensitivity of patients>26 was greater(0.96 vs 0.65).Compared with the literature published before 2010,the sensitivity of the literature published after 2010 was greater(0.97 vs 0.81),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION For the diagnosis of stomach cancer,optical imaging in conjunction with ICG-guided SLN biopsy is a therapeut-ically viable approach,especially for early gastric cancer.The concentration of ICG used in the SLN biopsy of gastric cancer may be too high.Moreover,NIR imaging is better than fluorescence imaging and may obtain higher sensitivity.

Establishment of Double-antigen Sandwich Time-resolved Fluorescence Immunoassay for Detection of Pest des Petits Ruminants Virus

[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore rapid and large-scale screening and detection of peste des petits ruminants(PPR),so as to provide important technical means for prevention,control and purification of PPR.[Methods]Soluble N protein and NH fusion protein were successfully obtained in an Escherichia coli expression system by optimizing E.coli codon and expression conditions.Furthermore,based on purified soluble N protein and NH fusion protein,a double-antigen sandwich time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay method for detection of peste des petits ruminants virus(PPRV)was established.[Results]The method has high sensitivity and specificity and can specifically detect the antibody against PPRV in sheep serum,and it has no cross reaction with other related diseases.The method was used to detect 292 clinical samples,and compared with French IDVET competition ELISA kit.The coincidence rates of positive samples and negative samples from the two kinds of test kits were 92.47%and 97.26%,respectively,and the overall coincidence rate was 94.86%.The intra-group and inter-group coefficients of variation in the repeatability test were less than 10%.[Conclusions]Compared with the traditional ELISA method,the double-antigen sandwich time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay for detection of PPRV has equivalent sensitivity and specificity,and simple and rapid operation,and thus high application and popularization value.

Safety control strategy for vertebral lamina milling task

Vertebral lamina milling task is one of the high-risk operations in spinal surgeries. The operation is to remove part of vertebral lamina and release the pressure on the spinal nerve. Because many important vessels and nerves are under the vertebral lamina, any incorrect operation may cause irreparable damage to patients. To improve the safety of lamina milling task, a fuzzy force control strategy is proposed in this paper. Primary experiments have been conducted on bone samples from different animals. The results show that, with the fuzzy force control strategy, the bone milling system can recognize all surgery states and halt the tool at the proper location, achieving satisfactory surgery performance.

巴马小型猪颈动脉粥样硬化性狭窄模型建立技术探讨

目的探讨血管内介入法构建猪颈动脉动脉粥样硬化(AS)狭窄模型的方法和要点,并观察天冬酰胺内肽酶(AEP)表达水平。方法按照随机数字表法将24头巴马小型猪分成实验组(12头)和对照组(12头)。术前实验组给予高脂饲料喂养,8周末全身麻醉下经股动脉行颈动脉内大球囊过度扩张,构建颈动脉狭窄模型;对照组仅给予基础饲料喂养。入组时和造模后第1、8、16、24周末分别行体质量称量和血脂水平检验,采用彩色多普勒超声和DSA监测评估颈动脉狭窄形成。术后24周处死实验猪,收集狭窄处标本,苏木素伊红(HE)染色观察病理学改变,免疫组化染色分析AEP表达水平。总结血管内介入法构建猪颈动脉AS狭窄模型的技术操作要点。结果高脂喂养后,实验组体质量和血脂水平均较对照组升高(均P<0.05)。术后24周,彩色多普勒超声和DSA证实实验组12头猪颈动脉AS狭窄模型构建成功,狭窄率为(33.21±13.17)%;与对照组相比,实验组狭窄组织病理学检查证实有明显的AS斑块形成。实验组颈动脉狭窄组织中AEP高表达,阳性细胞比率为(79.41±11.34)%,吸光度值为0.73±0.11,阳性评分12分;对照组中AEP低表达,阳性细胞比率为(27.13±17.34)%,吸光度值为0.41±0.14,阳性评分为6分,两组比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论24周高脂饲养和大球囊过度扩张诱导颈动脉内膜损伤,可确切可靠地建立巴马小型猪颈动脉AS狭窄模型。AEP在巴马小型猪颈动脉AS狭窄病变中高表达,可能参与了AS斑块的形成。