The Influence of the Urban-Rural Income Disparity on the Industrial Structure—Taking the Yangtze River Delta Region as an Example

In this paper, the effect of the mediation effect is mainly used to test and analyze the regression model, and most scholars have studied the impact of the modernization of the industrial structure on the income gap. However, this paper is from another perspective, based on the social background of high-quality development, the main study is the impact mechanism of urban and rural income gap on the industrial structure, taking the Yangtze River Delta as the main research object, and specifically selecting 22 central cities in the Yangtze River Delta region, which is also one of the highlights of this study. The regression model is constructed by using the intermediary effect, and the four intermediary variables of fiscal expenditure (M1), fixed asset investment (M2), number of patent applications (M3), and total import and export (M4) are selected, which represent the role of the government, fixed asset investment, scientific and technological level and opening-up level, and study and analyze the inherent influence mechanism between each variable. Before doing specific research, I consulted the papers and literature of many other outstanding scholars, among which Cheng Yuhong and Cheng Chi’s “The Influence Mechanism of industrial structure of urban and rural income gap” [1] has great reference value for this paper. According to the research results, under the background of high-quality development in the Yangtze River Delta region, the expansion of the income gap between urban and rural areas will inhibit the upgrading of the industrial structure, so it is necessary to focus on building a new type of urbanization, accelerating the construction of an urban innovation system, optimizing the rural employment structure to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, and providing impetus for the continuous upgrading of the industrial structure.

Efficient one-pot hydrogenolysis of biomass-derived xylitol into ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol over Cu–Ni–ZrO_2 catalyst without solid bases

The directly selective hydrogenolysis of xylitol to ethylene glycol(EG) and 1,2-propylene glycol(1,2-PDO)was performed on Cu–Ni–ZrO_2 catalysts prepared by a co-precipitation method. Upon optimizing the reaction conditions(518 K, 4.0 MPaH_2 and 3 h), 97.0% conversion of xylitol and 63.1% yield of glycols were obtained in water without extra inorganic base. The catalyst still remained stable activity after six cycles and above 80% total selectivity of glycols was obtained when using 20.0% xylitol concentration. XRD, TEM and ICP results indicated that Cu–Ni–ZrO_2 catalysts possess favorable stability. Cu and Ni are beneficial to the cleavage of C–O and C–H bond, respectively. To reduce the hydrogen consumption, isopropanol was added as in-situ hydrogen source and 96.4% conversion of xylitol with 43.6% yield of glycols were realized.

Circular RNAs in pulmonary hypertension:Emerging biological concepts and potential mechanism

Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are endogenous RNAs with a covalently closed single-stranded transcript.They are a novel class of genomic regulators that are linked to many important development and disease processes and are being pursued as clinical and therapeutic targets.Using the most powerful RNA sequencing and bioinformatics techniques,a large number of circRNAs have been identified and further functional studies have been performed.It is known that circRNAs act as potential biomarkers,sponges for microRNAs(miRNAs)and RNA-binding proteins(RBPs),and regulators of mRNA transcription.They also participate in the translation of peptides or proteins.Many types of circRNAs are dysregulated in plasma or lung tissues,and they may be involved in regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary artery endothelial cells(PAECs)and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells(PASMCs),leading to pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension(PH).One possible mechanism is that circRNAs can regulate the function of PAECs and PASMCs by acting as miRNA sponge.However,other potential mechanisms of action of circRNAs are still being actively explored in PH.This paper presents a systematic review of the biogenesis,biological characterization,relevant underlying functions,and future perspectives for studies of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of PH.

Effects of hypoxia on the biological behavior of MSCs seeded in demineralized bone scaffolds with different stiffness

Matrix stiffness has been demonstrated in many studies to adjust the biological behaviors of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, in the initial phase of bone restore, MSCs will encounter a hypoxic microenvironment. Studying the connection existing between the matrix stiffness and biological behavior of MSCs under hypoxic condition can better simulate the microenvironment at the prime period of bone repairment. In this work, three-dimensional (3D) decalcified bone scaffolds with diverse stiffness (high stiffness (66.06 ± 27.83) MPa, medium stiffness (26.90 ± 13.16) MPa, and low stiffness (0.67 ± 0.14) MPa) but same microstructure have been prepared by controlling decalcification time. In addition, the decellularized bone scaffold was regard as control group and its stiffness was (230.93 ± 72.65) MPa. The viability, proliferation, infiltration, and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs seeded into these 3D demineralized bone scaffolds were systematically investigated under 100 μM CoCl2-simulated hypoxic and normoxic environments. The results showed that the viability, proliferation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion of MSCs had no significant difference on scaffolds with diverse stiffness but the degree of collagen deposition of MSCs gradually increased with the increase of scaffold stiffness both under normoxia and hypoxia. Compared to normoxia, the viability, proliferation, ECM secretion, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, and osteogenis of MSCs on the scaffolds with the same stiffness were evidently inhibited by hypoxia. Additionally, under hypoxic condition, the expression of VEGF and hypoxia inducible factor 1α(HIF-1α) in MSCs on the low stiffness scaffold was markedly increased comparing to those on other groups. In summary, we found that the low stiffness scaffold can improved the proliferation and osteoginic differentiation of MSCs under hypoxic environment, which may help to explore efficient methods for bone defect repairing.

Newly recorded bloom-forming dinoflagellate Gymnodinium impudicum in Haizhou Bay,Yellow Sea,China

With the development of industrialization and aquaculture in Jiangsu and Shandong Provinces along the South Yellow Sea coast,China,eutrophication has greatly intensified in the region,resulting in frequent occurrence of diverse harmful algal blooms.An algal bloom formed by a chain-forming dinofl agellate species was recorded in the Haizhou Bay,South Yellow Sea,in September 2020.The causative species was isolated and studied in morphology,molecular phylogeny,pigment profile,presence of paralytic shellfish toxins,and acute toxicity.The loop-shaped apical groove running anticlockwise around the apex,the presence of peridinin as characteristic pigment,as well as a single phylogenic clade of 28S ribosomal DNA(100%posterior probability),defined this species as Gymnodinium impudicum,a non-toxic species that exhibited no obvious biotoxicity to the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis,the copepod Artemia salina,and the shrimp Neomysis awatschensis.Gymnodinium impudicum is typically distributed in coastal waters with high nitrate concentrations,where it reaches a maximum density of 2.6×10~5 cells/L.This is the first report of a G.impudicum bloom in the Yellow Sea;however,G.impudicum blooms may have been misidentified or underreported in Haizhou Bay due to the species morphological similarity with G.catenatum.A combination of multiple methods is recommended to accurately identify new algal bloom species.

Identification and verification of aging-related lncRNAs for prognosis prediction and immune microenvironment in patients with head and neck squamous carcinoma

Aging is highly associated with tumor formation and progression.However,little research has explored the association of aging-related lncRNAs(ARLs)with the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment(TIME)of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).RNA sequences and clinicopathological data of HNSCC patients and normal subjects were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas.In the training group,we used Pearson correlation,univariate Cox regression,least absolute shrinkage/selection operator regression analyses,and multivariate Cox regression to build a prognostic model.In the test group,we evaluated the model.Multivariate Cox regression was done to screen out independent prognostic factors,with which we constructed a nomogram.Afterward,we demonstrated the predictive value of the risk scores based on the model and the nomogram using time-dependent receiver operating characteristics.Gene set enrichment analysis,immune correlation analysis,and half-maximal inhibitory concentration were also performed to reveal the different landscapes of TIME between risk groups and to predict immuno-and chemo-therapeutic responses.The most important LINC00861 in the model was examined in HNE1,CNE1,and CNE2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines and transfected into the cell lines CNE1 and CNE2 using the LINC00861-pcDNA3.1 construct plasmid.In addition,CCK-8,Edu,and SA-β-gal staining assays were conducted to test the biofunction of LINC00861 in the CNE1 and CNE2 cells.The signature based on nine ARLs has a good predictive value in survival time,immune infiltration,immune checkpoint expression,and sensitivity to multiple drugs.LINC00861 expression in CNE2 was significantly lower than in the HNE1 and CNE1 cells,and LINC00861 overexpression significantly inhibited the proliferation and increased the senescence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines.This work built and verified a new prognostic model for HNSCC based on ARLs and mapped the immune landscape in HNSCC.LINC00861 is a protective factor for the development of HNSCC.

Suitable Weir Heights to Improve the Provision of Environmental Flows in Urban Rivers

Many studies have been conducted on environmental flow(e-flow)assessment and supply,but e-flow shortages remain common in many urban rivers.In addition to known reasons such as ever-increasing competition among water users and inadequate execution of designed e-flow supply plans,we propose that designing weir heights without explicitly considering e-flows is another major cause of this problem.In this paper,we suggest that the measures for satisfying e-flows be extended from the water supply stage to the river channel design stage.We establish a new weir height determination framework that would more effectively satisfy the required e-flows.The new framework differs from previous frameworks,in which flood control and water retention are the major concerns and the flow during floods is set as the inflow.In the new framework,e-flow provision and flow velocity maintenance are added concerns and the actual flows for e-flow supply are set as the inflow.As a case study of the new framework’s effectiveness,we applied it to the Shiwuli River,a typical channelized urban river in Hefei,China.The old framework specified too-high weir height to meet the e-flow requirements,whereas the new framework offered more reasonable heights that improved e-flow provision.

The role of prolactin/vasoinhibins in cardiovascular diseases

Prolactin(PRL)is a polypeptide hormone that is mainly synthesized and secreted by the lactotroph cells of the pituitary.There are two main isoforms of PRL:23-kDa PRL(named full-l ength PRL)and vasoinhibins(including 5.6–18 kDa fragments).Both act as circulating hormones and cytokines to stimulate or inhibit vascular formation at different stages and neovascularization,including endothelial cell proliferation and migration,protease production,and apoptosis.However,their effects on vascular function and cardiovascular diseases are different or even contrary.In addition to the structure,secretion regulation,and signal transduction of PRL/vasoinhibins,this review focuses on the pathological mechanism and clinical significance of PRL/vasoinhibins in cardiovascular diseases.

Determination of atractylon in rat plasma by a GC-MS method and its application to a pharmacokinetic study

A sensitive and selective method based on gas chromatography hyphenated to mass spectrometry （GC- MS） was developed and validated for the determination of atractylon in rat plasma. Plasma samples were processed by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate-n-hexane （1：1, v/v） using acetophenone as an internal standard （IS）. Analytes were determined in selective ion monitoring （SIM） mode using target ions at m/z 108.1 for atractylon and m/z 105.1 for acetophenone. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 10-1000 ng/mL with lower limit of quantification of 10 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day precision variations were not more than 10.4% and 9.6%, respectively, whilst accuracy values ranged from -6.5% to 4.9%. Extraction recovery of the assay was satisfactory. This method was suc- cessfully applied to quantification and pharmacokinetic study of atractylon in rat plasma after in- tragastric administration of Atractvlodis extract.

Reviving and characterizing three species of dinoflagellate cysts dormant for about 70 years in the East China Sea:Biecheleria brevisulcata,Biecheleriopsis adriatica,and Scrippsiella donghaienis

Many marine dinoflagellates can form resting cysts as a part of their life cycle,and the cysts could be buried in sediment and remained viable for as long as over 150 years.However,only a very limited number of cyst species have been revived from long-buried sediments and investigated in regard to a possible shift in the intra-specific genetic structure of a species detected from the historical record at a particular location.Here,we report a successful germination of three species of resting cysts that were sampled from the depth dated back to 1941±18 AD from a 44-cm sediment core from the East China Sea.Seven isolates were established from germination of single cyst isolation or multi-cyst germinations.LSU rRNA gene or ITS sequences of these strains were obtained,then they were identified to be Biecheleria brevisulcata(five strains),Biecheleriopsis adriatica(one strain),and Scrippsiella donghaienis(one strain)in terms of morphology and rRNA gene sequence.Biecheleria brevisulcata strain 1,Bps.adriatica strain 21,and S.donghaienis strain 23 were examined in detail with light microscope(LM)and scanning electron microscope(SEM),and analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)for their pigment compositions,and genetic diversity.We also confirmed the presence of a resting cyst of Bps.adriatica in the field for the first time.The LSU rRNA gene-based genetic distances of Bps.adriatica from that obtained from water sample,single-cell PCR sequencing for the cysts isolated from the surface sediment of the same sea area and that reported from other regions during the recent years,and ITS-based genetic distances of S.donghaienis from that obtained from cysts isolated from the surface sediment of the same location and that reported from other regions during the recent years indicated that the intra-specific genetic structure of each species in the sampling area may have shifted during the last 70 years.Our work confirms that B.brevisulcata,Bps.adriatica,and S.donghaienis,all described as new species around 2010,have inhabited the East China Sea for about 70 years.The present work reports for the first time the revival of dinoflagellate resting cysts long-buried in the coastal sediments of China,which facilitates further study on the historical occurrences of other harmful dinoflagellates and their relevance to the regional climate and environmental changes in China.

A review on nanoconfinement engineering of red phosphorus for enhanced Li/Na/K-ion storage performances

Secondary batteries are widely used in energy storage equipment.To obtain high-performance batteries,the development and utilization of electrode materials with cheap price and ideal theoretical gravimetric and volumetric specific capacities have become particularly important.Naturally abundant and low-cost red phosphorus(RP)is recognized as an anode material with great promise because it has a theoretical capacity of 2596 mA h g^(-1) in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)and sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).However,owing to the inferior discharging,the capacity of pure RP has a fast decay.Nanoconfinement of RP nanoparticles within porous carbon framework is one of the efficient methods to overcome these problems.In this review,we introduce the recent progress of RP confinement into carbon matrix as an energy storage anode material in LIBs,SIBs and potassium-ion batteries(PIBs).The synthetic strategies,lithiation/sodia tion/potassiation mechanism,and the electrochemical performances of RP/carbon composites(RP/C)with kinds of designed structures and P-C and P-O-C bond by kinds of methods are included.Finally,the challenges and perspectives of RP faced in the application development as anodes for LIBs/SIBs/PIBs are covered.This review will strengthen the understanding of composites of RP nanoparticles in porous carbon materials and aid researchers to carry out future work rationally.

Construction of Arabidopsis thaliana ugt84a2/ugt84a4 Double Mutants Mediated by CRISPR/Cas9

[Objectives]The CRISPR/Cas9(Clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeat/Cas9)gene editing technology is the third generation of"genome fixed-point editing technology"following the"zinc finger endonuclease(ZFN)"and"transcription activator effector nuclease(TALEN)".Glucotransferase genes UGT84A2 and UGT84A4,can simultaneously convert hydroxycinnamate into 1-O-β-glucose esters as isozymes.The CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to construct double mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana ugt84a2/ugt84a4.[Methods]A CRISPR/Cas9 double mutant expression vector was constructed using UGT84A2 and UGT84A4 as the target genes.The Agrobacterium-mediated dip dyeing method was used to transform wild-type A.thaliana,and the CRISPR/Cas9system was used to target and knock out A.thaliana UGT84A2 and UGT84A4 genes.[Results]The descendants of A.thaliana with the UGT84A2/UGT84A4 gene were sequenced and analyzed.Thirteen positively transformed plants obtained were analyzed according to the sequencing results,and the ugt84a2/ugt84a4 double mutants were screened.[Conclusions]This study provides a reference for the functional study of UGT84A2 and UGT84A4 isoenzyme genes in other species,as well as strong theoretical and method support for accelerating the development and utilization of UGT84A2/UGT84A4 functional gene resources.

Determination of ribavirin by flow injection chemiluminescence

Objective： To establish a rapid and precise continuous flow-injection chemiluminescence （CL） method to determine ribavirin. Methods： The ribavirin could restrain strongly CL reaction of luminol in sodium hydroxide （NaOH） solution with potassium chlorate （KClO3）. The different experimental parameters affecting the CL intensity were studied carefully. Results： Under optimum conditions （The concentrations of luminol, KClO3, and NaOH were at 0.1 mmol/L, 0.5μmol/L, and 0.2 mol/L, respectively）, the linear range of the working curves was 0.01-7.00μg/ml with a detection limit of 0.004μg/ml. Conclusion： The method is simple, rapid and sensitive, and successfully applied to the determination of ribavirin in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids.

“手”望相助,志虑忠“醇”

通过三个关于醇类消毒剂的小故事,主人公“手”信使找到了醇类的最佳选择和使用方法。本文讲述了生活中使用醇类消毒剂的合适方式:乙醇和丙醇可居家使用;日常最佳醇类使用浓度为70%;日常洗手对于醇类的取与舍。

心率血压乘积识别儿童代偿期休克的价值

目的探讨心率血压乘积识别儿童代偿期休克的价值。方法回顾性分析2015年10月至2021年3月就诊于首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院重症监护室(PICU)99例诊断休克的患儿入PICU时(未应用血管活性药物状态)及休克纠正后的心率、血压、心率血压比值、心率血压乘积、乳酸及28 d转归等临床资料。根据28 d转归分为生存组和死亡组, 组间比较应用独立样本t检验、Mann-WhitneyU检验、χ^(2)检验。应用Pearson相关分析分析心率、血压、心率血压比值、心率血压乘积与乳酸的相关性, 受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析心率、血压、心率血压比值、心率血压乘积对乳酸>2 mmol/L的预测价值。结果 99例患儿中男49例、女50例, 年龄3.8(0.7, 6.0)岁, 其中脓毒性休克61例(62%), 心源性休克12例(12%), 失血性休克12例(12%), 川崎病休克综合征8例(8%), 过敏性休克6例(6%)。随访28 d生存66例(67%), 死亡33例(33%)。ROC曲线显示乳酸、心率/收缩压均对28 d死亡有预测价值(均P<0.05), 曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.769、0.649, 最佳临界值分别为3.15 mmol/L、2.0 次/(min·mmHg)(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), 灵敏度分别为96.0%、62.5%, 特异度分别为54.4%、69.0%。Pearson相关分析显示乳酸与心率/舒张压、心率/平均压、心率/收缩压、心率均正相关(r=0.476、0.452、0.425、0.177, 均P<0.01), 与收缩压、平均压、舒张压均负相关(r=-0.444、-0.410、-0.364, 均P<0.01), 与心率血压乘积无相关性(P>0.05);ROC曲线显示心率/收缩压预测乳酸>2 mmol/L的AUC最大为0.872[最佳临界值1.4 次/(min·mmHg), 灵敏度92.1%, 特异度70.9%, P<0.01]。当平均压≥65 mmHg时, 乳酸与心率平均压乘积、心率舒张压乘积、心率收缩压乘积、心率、心率/收缩压、心率/平均压、心率/舒张压均正相关(r=0.706、0.705、0.669、0.626、0.555、0.502、0.446, 均P<0.01);ROC曲线显示心率平均压乘积预测乳酸>2 mmol/L的AUC最大为0.974[最佳临界值9 446(次· mmHg/min), 灵敏度100.0%, 特异度90.9%, P<0.01]。结论心率血压乘积尤其是心率平均压乘积对儿童代偿期休克的动脉血乳酸异常升高有较高的预测价值, 优于心率/收缩压, 值得推荐用于儿童代偿期休克的早期识别。

光催化下二芳基碘鎓盐参与的自由基芳基化反应研究进展

二芳基高价碘盐在有机合成中被广泛应用.总结了二芳基高价碘试剂在可见光诱导的自由基芳基化反应中的研究进展.根据反应类型,分为碳碳键的形成、碳硫键的形成和碳膦键的形成三部分进行综述.

Photocatalytic defluorination of perfluorooctanoic acid by surface defective BiOCl:Fast microwave solvothermal synthesis and photocatalytic mechanisms

There is an urgent need for developing cost-effective methods for the treatment of perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA)due to its global emergence and potential risks.In this study,taking surface-defective BiOCl as an example,a strategy of surface oxygen vacancy modulation was used to promote the photocatalytic defluorination efficiency of PFOA under simulated sunlight irradiation.The defective BiOCl was fabricated by a fast microwave solvothermal method,which was found to induce more surface oxygen vacancies than conventional solvothermal and precipitation methods.As a result,the asprepared BiOCl showed significantly enhanced defluorination efficiency,which was 2.7 and33.8 times higher than that of BiOCl fabricated by conventional solvothermal and precipitation methods,respectively.Mechanistic studies indicated that the defluorination of PFOA follows a direct hole(h^+)oxidation pathway with the aid of·OH,while the oxygen vacancies not only promote charge separation but also facilitate the intimate contact between the photocatalyst surface and PFOA by coordinating with its terminal carboxylate group in a bidentate or bridging mode.This work will provide a general strategy of oxygen vacancy modulation by microwave-assisted methods for efficient photocatalytic defluorination of PFOA in the environment using sunlight as the energy source.

Evaluating the fractionation of ion-adsorption rare earths for in-situ leaching and metallogenic mechanism

The fractionation of ion adsorption rare earths(IAREs) along the depth in a shaft of a deposit at Dajishan,Jiangxi, China was comparatively evaluated using the partition values(PVs) and relative fractionation values(RFVs) of the leached rare earths(REs). It is found that both PVs and RFVs can objectively reflect the migration and fractionation of REs, but RE content and abrasion pH could not. However, the RFVs can provide more information to quantitatively evaluating the migration and fractionation characteristics of REs along the selected direction and region than PVs could, which is of significance for designing the optimal procedures of in-situ leaching based on the determined flow direction of injecting solution. It is demonstrated that the migration of Ce, Pr, and Nd along the depth direction is inert, and that of REs post Sm and Y is active. Meanwhile, the migration of La shows region characteristics which is active in the upper and inert in lower region. More interesting, the dependence of RFVs on atomic number of REs displays a tetrad group variation trend. However, the fractionation of REs among clay minerals with different particle sizes is not evident, especially for the clay in the bottom region. These results indicate that the migration and fractionation of REs not only are dominated by the adsorption of their hydrated ions, but also rely on their hydrolysis tendency, which provide information for understanding the metallogenic mechanism of IAREs.

Fabrication of three-dimensional porous La-doped SrTiO3 microspheres with enhanced visible light catalytic activity for Cr（VI） reduction

In recent years, much effort has been focused on the development of the photocatalysts with high performance under visible light irradiation. In this paper, three-dimensional porous La-doped SrTiO3 （LST） micro- spheres were prepared by a modified sol-gel method, in which the agarose gel/SrCO3 microsphere and La2O3 were employed as the template and the La resource, respectively. The as-prepared LST microspheres exhibit a porous structure with a diameter of about 10 μm and a surface pore size of about 100 nm. The La element was doped into the crystal lattice of SrTiO3 by the substitution of La^3＋ for Sr^2＋. Therefore, the absorption edge of LST samples shifts toward the visible light region, and their photocatalytic activity for the Cr（VI） reduction is enhanced under visible light. Among all LST samples, LST-0.5 （the La^3＋ doping content is 0.5 wt-%） exhibited the highest visible-light photocatalytic activity, which can reduce 84% Cr（VI） within 100 rain. This LST materials may become a promising photocatalyst for the facile treatment of waste- water containing poisonous heavy metal ions.

Smart 6S roadmap for deciphering the migration and risk of heavy metals in soil and groundwater systems at brownfield sites nationwide in China

Rapid industrialization and economic development have left a great amount of industrial facilities,such as chemical,smelting and mining industries,throughout the country over the past few decades.As a result,a wide range of toxic pollutants are generated and discharged directly or indirectly into the soil environment[1].