BACKGROUND According to practice guidelines,endoscopic band ligation(EBL)and endoscopic tissue adhesive injection(TAI)are recommended for treating bleeding from esophagogastric varices.However,EBL and TAI are known to...BACKGROUND According to practice guidelines,endoscopic band ligation(EBL)and endoscopic tissue adhesive injection(TAI)are recommended for treating bleeding from esophagogastric varices.However,EBL and TAI are known to cause serious complications,such as hemorrhage from dislodged ligature rings caused by EBL and hemorrhage from operation-related ulcers resulting from TAI.However,the optimal therapy for mild to moderate type 1 gastric variceal hemorrhage(GOV1)has not been determined.Therefore,the aim of this study was to discover an individualized treatment for mild to moderate GOV1.AIM To compare the efficacy,safety and costs of EBL and TAI for the treatment of mild and moderate GOV1.METHODS A clinical analysis of the data retrieved from patients with mild or moderate GOV1 gastric varices who were treated under endoscopy was also conducted.Patients were allocated to an EBL group or an endoscopic TAI group.The differences in the incidence of varicose relief,operative time,operation success rate,mortality rate within 6 wk,rebleeding rate,6-wk operation-related ulcer healing rate,complication rate and average operation cost were compared between the two groups of patients.RESULTS The total effective rate of the two treatments was similar,but the efficacy of EBL(66.7%)was markedly better than that of TAI(39.2%)(P<0.05).The operation success rate in both groups was 100%,and the 6-wk mortality rate in both groups was 0%.The average operative time(26 min)in the EBL group was significantly shorter than that in the TAI group(46 min)(P<0.01).The rate of delayed postoperative rebleeding in the EBL group was significantly lower than that in the TAI group(11.8%vs 45.1%)(P<0.01).At 6 wk after the operation,the healing rate of operation-related ulcers in the EBL group was 80.4%,which was significantly greater than that in the TAI group(35.3%)(P<0.01).The incidence of postoperative complications in the two groups was similar.The average cost and other related economic factors were greater for the EBL than for the TAI(P<0.01).CONCLUSION For mild to moderate GOV1,patients with EBL had a greater one-time varix eradication rate,a greater 6-wk operation-related ulcer healing rate,a lower delayed rebleeding rate and a lower cost than patients with TAI.展开更多
BACKGROUND Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is a key procedure for diagnosing and treating biliary and pancreatic disorders.Although effective,it carries risks,including rare but severe complication...BACKGROUND Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is a key procedure for diagnosing and treating biliary and pancreatic disorders.Although effective,it carries risks,including rare but severe complications such as air embolism.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a 58-year-old man who developed extensive air embolism during ERCP.He previously underwent a Whipple procedure and experienced a sudden drop in vital signs and loss of consciousness.Immediate intervention with hyperbaric oxygen therapy and supportive care led to gradual recovery.Imaging confirmed widespread air embolism,which resolved with continued treatment.CONCLUSION Air embolism is a rare,critical complication of ERCP,especially in patients with prior surgery such as pancreaticoduodenectomy.Early detection and prompt treatment,including hyperbaric oxygen therapy,are crucial for favorable out-comes.展开更多
Olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosa have been tbund to increase axonal sprouting and pathfinding and promote the recovery of vibrissae motor performance in facial nerve transection...Olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosa have been tbund to increase axonal sprouting and pathfinding and promote the recovery of vibrissae motor performance in facial nerve transection injured rats. However, it is not yet clear whether olfactory ensheathing cells promote the reparation of facial nerve defects in rats. In this study, a collagen sponge and silicone tube neural conduit was implanted into the 6-mm defect of the buccal branch of the facial nerve in adult rats. Olfactory ensheathing cells isolated from the olfactory bulb of newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were injected into the neural conduits connecting the ends of tile broken nerves, the morphology and function of the regenerated nerves were compared between the rats implanted with olfactory ensheathing cells with the rats injected with saline. Facial paralysis was assessed. Nerve electrography was used to measure facial nerve-induced action potentials. Visual inspection, anatomical microscopy and hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to assess the histomorphology around the trans planted neural conduit and the morphology of the regenerated nerve. Using fluorogold retrograde tracing, toluidine blue staining and lead uranyl acetate staining, we also measured the number of neurons in the anterior exterior lateral f：acial nerve motor nucleus, the number of myelinated nerve fibers, and nerve fiber diameter and myelin sheath thickness, respectively. After surgery, olfactory ensheathing cells de- creased facial paralysis and the latency of the facial nerve-induced action potentials. There were no differences in the general morphology of the regenerating nerves between the rats implanted with olfactory ensheathing cells and the rats injected with saline. Between-group results showed that olfactory ensheathing cell treatment increased the number of regenerated neurons, improved nerve fiber morphology, and increased the number of myelinated nerve fibers, nerve fiber diameter, and myelin sheath thickness. In conclusion, implantation of olfactory ensheathing cells can promote regeneration and functional recovery after facial nerve damage in rats.展开更多
Objective:To study the efficacy of Professor Zhiqiang Guo's unique sequential herbal therapy in the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)of the kidney deficiency and liver constraint pattern.Methods:Ni...Objective:To study the efficacy of Professor Zhiqiang Guo's unique sequential herbal therapy in the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)of the kidney deficiency and liver constraint pattern.Methods:Ninety patients with POI who consulted with Professor Guo at Dongzimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from January 2012 to December 2015 were enrolled.Treatment consisted of sequential therapy using traditional Chinese medicine formulae with the actions of nourishing the liver and kidney.Course of treatment was 3 consecutive menstrual cycles for each participant except for those who became pregnant during treatment.Baseline data including age,course of disease,past medical history,lifestyle,pregnancy outcome,menstrual status(cycle length,menstrual flow duration and volume),as well as gonadal hormone levels before and after treatment were recorded and analyzed.Results:During treatment,18(20.0%)participants became pregnant.Symptoms including scanty menstrual flow,irritability,low libido,insomnia and excessive dreaming at night,nightsweats,hot flashes,and depression were markedly alleviated.Changes in follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)and luteinizing hormone(LH)levels at early follicular stage were observed(P=.009 and P=.002,respectively),and FSH/LH differed significantly pre-and posttreatment(P=.0.44).Conclusion:Professor Guo's sequential Chinese herbal therapy with the actions of nourishing the liver and kidney to treat POI can enhance ovarian function,promote pregnancy,and improve quality of life.展开更多
Objective:To identify factors that influence the severity of tinnitus via a hierarchical multiple linear regression model.Methods:The study was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis.The study included 331 patients ...Objective:To identify factors that influence the severity of tinnitus via a hierarchical multiple linear regression model.Methods:The study was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis.The study included 331 patients experiencing tinnitus as their primary concern,who visited Shanghai Changzheng Hospital of the Navy Medical University between 2019 and 2021.Data on general health status and disease characteristics were collected from all patients.With their consent,participants underwent audiological evaluatons and completed questionnaires to analyze the characteristics of their tinnitus and the factors influencing its severity.Results:The correlation analysis showed a positive relationship between tinnitus frequency,tinnitus loudness,SAS scores,and PSQI scores with THI scores(P<0.05)among nine examined variables(gender,handedness,employment status,age,BMI,tinnitus frequency,tinnitus loudness,SAS scores,and PSQI scores).The variables that were extracted from the multiple regression were;for the constant;β=-51.797,t=-4.484,P<0.001,variable is significant;for the tinnitus loudness;β=0.161,t=2.604,P<0.05,variable is significant;for the tinnitus frequency;β=0.000,t=1.269,P=0.206,variable is not significant;for the SAS scores;β=1.310,t=7.685,P<0.001,variable is significant;for the PSQI scores;β=1.680,t=5.433,P<0.001,variable is significant.Therefore,the most accurate model for predicting severity in tinnitus patients is a linear combination of the constant,tinnitus loudness,SAS scores,and PSQI scores,Y(Tinnitus severity)=β0+β1(Tinnitus loudness)+β2(SAS scores)+β3(PSQI scores).β0,β1,β2,andβ3 are-51.797,0.161,1.310 and 1.680,respectively.Conclusion:Tinnitus severity is positively associated with loudness,anxiety levels,and sleep quality.To effectively manage tinnitus in patients,it is essential to promptly identify and address these accompanying factors and related symptoms.展开更多
Background:There is little published evidence about the role of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in the progression from prehypertension to hypertension.This study was conducted to investigate the association o...Background:There is little published evidence about the role of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in the progression from prehypertension to hypertension.This study was conducted to investigate the association of NAFLD and its severity with the risk of hypertension developing from prehypertension.Methods:The study cohort comprised 25,433 participants from the Kailuan study with prehypertension at baseline;those with excessive alcohol consumption and other liver diseases were excluded.NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography and stratified as mild,moderate,or severe.Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate the hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)of incident hypertension according to the presence and 3 categories of severity of NAFLD.Results:During a median of 12.6 years of follow-up,10,638 participants progressed to hypertension from prehypertension.After adjusting for multiple risk factors,patients with prehypertension and NAFLD had a 15%higher risk of incident hypertension than those without NAFLD(HR=1.15,95%CI 1.10-1.21).Moreover,the severity of NAFLD was associated with the incidence of hypertension,which was higher in patients with more severe NAFLD(HR=1.15[95%CI 1.10-1.21]in the mild NAFLD group;HR=1.15[95%CI 1.07-1.24]in the moderate NAFLD group;and HR=1.20[95%CI 1.03-1.41]in the severe NAFLD group).Subgroup analysis indicated that age and baseline systolic blood pressure may modify this association.Conclusions:NAFLD is an independent risk factor for hypertension in patients with prehypertension.The risk of incident hypertension increases with the severity of NAFLD.展开更多
Waste textiles（WTs） are the inevitable outcome of human activity and should be separated and recycled in view of sustainable development. In this work, WT was modified through grafting with acrylic acid（AA） via ra...Waste textiles（WTs） are the inevitable outcome of human activity and should be separated and recycled in view of sustainable development. In this work, WT was modified through grafting with acrylic acid（AA） via radical polymerization process using ceric ammonium nitrate（CAN） as an initiator and microwave and/or UV irradiation as energy supply. The acrylic acid-grafted waste textiles（WT-g-AA） thus obtained was then used as an adsorbent to remove Pb（Ⅱ） from Pb（Ⅱ）-containing wastewater. The effects of p H, initial concentrations of Pb（Ⅱ） and adsorbent dose were investigated, and around 95% Pb（Ⅱ） can be removed from the aqueous solution containing 10 mg/L at p H 6.0–8.0. The experimental adsorption isotherm data was fitted to the Langmuir model with maximum adsorption capacity of35.7 mg Pb/g WT-g-AA. The Pb-absorbed WT-g-AA was stripped using dilute nitric acid solution and the adsorption capacity of Pb-free material decreased from 95.4%（cycle 1） to91.1%（cycle 3）. It was considered that the WT-g-AA adsorption for Pb（Ⅱ） may be realized through the ion-exchange mechanism between ／COOH and Pb（Ⅱ）. The promising results manifested that WT-g-AA powder was an efficient, eco-friendly and reusable adsorbent for the removal of Pb（Ⅱ） from wastewater.展开更多
The development of deep learning and open access to a substantial collection of imaging data together provide a potential solution for computational image transformation,which is gradually changing the landscape of op...The development of deep learning and open access to a substantial collection of imaging data together provide a potential solution for computational image transformation,which is gradually changing the landscape of optical imaging and biomedical research.However,current implementations of deep learning usually operate in a supervised manner,and their reliance on laborious and error-prone data annotation procedures remains a barrier to more general applicability.Here,we propose an unsupervised image transformation to facilitate the utilization of deep learning for optical microscopy,even in some cases in which supervised models cannot be applied.Through the introduction of a saliency constraint,the unsupervised model,named Unsupervised content-preserving Transformation for Optical Microscopy(UTOM);can learn the mapping between two image domains without requiring paired training data while avoiding distortions of the image content.UTOM shows promising performance in a wide range of biomedical image transformation tasks,including in silico histological staining,fluorescence image restoration,and virtual fluorescence labeling.Quantitative evaluations reveal that UTOM achieves stable and high-fidelity image transformations across different imaging conditions and modalities.We anticipate that our framework will encourage a paradigm shift in training neural networks and enable more applications of artificial intelligence in biomedical imaging.展开更多
It's a challenge for detecting the therapeutic targets of a polypharmacological drug from variations in the responsed networks in thedfferentiated populations with complex diseases,as stable coronary heart disease...It's a challenge for detecting the therapeutic targets of a polypharmacological drug from variations in the responsed networks in thedfferentiated populations with complex diseases,as stable coronary heart disease.Here,in an adaptive,31-center,randomized,double-blind trial invoving 920 patients with moderate symptomatic stable angina treated by 14-day Danhong injection(DHI),a kind of polyphamacological drug with high quality control,or placebo(0.9%saline),with 76-day following-up,we firstly confrmed that DHl couldincrease the proportion of patients with clinically significant changes on angina-frequency assessed by Seattle Angina Questionnaire(ASAQ-AF220)(12.78%at Day 30,95%confidence interval[C]5.86-19.71%,P=0.0003,13.82%at Day 6C0,95%CI 6.82-20.82%,P=0.0001and 8.95%at Day 90,95%CI 2.06-15.85%,P=0.01).We also found that there were no significant differences in new-onset major vascularevents(P=0.8502)and serious adverse events(P=0.9105)between DHl and placebo.After performing the RNA sequencing in 62 selectedpatients,we developed a systemic modular approach tp identfy differentilly expressed modules(DEMs)of DHI with the Z_(summay)valueless than 0 compared with the control group,calculated by weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),and sketched out thebasic framework on a modular map with 25 functional modules targeted by DII.Furthermore,the effective therapeutic module(ETM),defined as the highest corelation value with the phenotype alteration(SAQ-AF,the change in SAQ-AF at Day 30 from baseline)calculatedby WGCNA,was identifed in the population with the best effect(ASAQ-AF240),which is related to anticoagulation and regulation ofcholesterol metabolism.We assessed the modular flexbility of this ETM using the global topological D value based on Euclidean distance,which is corelated with phenotype alteration(r^(2):0.8204,P=0.019)by linear regression.Our study identified the ant-angina therapeuticmodule in the effective population treated by the multi-target drug.Modular methods facilitate the discovery of network pharmacologicalmechanisms and the advancement of precision medicine.(ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCTO1681316).展开更多
Although some co-risk factors and hemodynamic alterations are involved in hypertension progression,their direct biomechanical effects are unclear.Here,we constructed a high-hydrostatic-pressure cell-culture system to ...Although some co-risk factors and hemodynamic alterations are involved in hypertension progression,their direct biomechanical effects are unclear.Here,we constructed a high-hydrostatic-pressure cell-culture system to imitate constant hypertension and identified novel molecular classifications of human aortic smooth muscle cells(HASMCs)by single-cell transcriptome analysis.Under 100-mmHg(analogous to healthy human blood pressure)or 200-mmHg(analogous to hypertension)hydrostatic pressure for 48 h,HASMCs showed six distinct vascular SMC(VSMC)clusters according to differential gene expression and gene ontology enrichment analysis.Especially,two novel HASMC subsets were identified,named the inflammatory subset,with CXCL2,CXCL3 and CCL2 as markers,and the endothelial-function inhibitory subset,with AKR1C2,AKR1C3,SERPINF1 as markers.The inflammatory subset promoted CXCL2&3 and CCL2 chemokine expression and secretion,triggering monocyte migration;the endothelial-function inhibitory subset secreted SERPINF1 and accelerated prostaglandin F2αgeneration to inhibit angiogenesis.The expression of the two VSMC subsets was greatly increased in arterial media from patients with hypertension and experimental animal models of hypertension.Collectively,we identified high hydrostatic pressure directly driving VSMCs into two new subsets,promoting or exacerbating endothelial dysfunction,thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.展开更多
Vortices have been regarded as the building blocks and muscles of turbulence for a long time. To better describe and analyze vortices or vortical structures, recently a new physical quantity called Liutex (previously ...Vortices have been regarded as the building blocks and muscles of turbulence for a long time. To better describe and analyze vortices or vortical structures, recently a new physical quantity called Liutex (previously named Rortex) is introduced to present the rigid rotation part of fluid motion (Liu et al. 2018). Since turbulence is closely related to the vortex, it can be postulated that there exists no turbulence without Liutex. According to direct numerical simulations (DNS) and experiments, forest of hairpin vortices has been found in transitional and low Reynolds number turbulent flows, while one-leg vortices are predominant in full developed turbulent flows. This paper demonstrates that the hairpin vortex is unstable. The hairpin vortex will be weakened or lose one leg by the shear and Liutex interaction, based on the Liutex definition and mathematical analysis without any physical assumptions. The asymmetry of the vortex is caused by the interaction of symmetric shear and symmetric Liutex since the smaller element of a pair of vorticity elements determines the rotational strength. For a 2-D fluid rotation, if a disturbance shear effects the larger element, the rotation strength will not be changed, but if the disturbance shear effects the smaller element, the rotation strength will be immediately changed due to the definition of the Liutex strength. For a rigid rotation, if the shearing part of the vorticity and Liutex present the same directions, e.g., clockwise, the Liutex strength will not be changed. If the shearing part of the vorticity and Liutex present different directions, e.g., one clockwise and another counterclockwise, the Liutex strength will be weakened.Consequently, the hairpin vortex could lose the symmetry and even deform to a one-leg vortex. The one-leg vortex cannot keep balance, and the chaotic motion and flow fluctuation are doomed. This is considered as the mathematical foundation of turbulence formation. The DNS results of boundary layer transition are used to justify this theory.展开更多
Two new bufotoxins,tolocinobufagin-3-succinoylarginine ester and tolocinobufagin-3-hemisuberate, were isolated from the skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor.Cinobufagin-3-hemisuberate was also isolated from the natura...Two new bufotoxins,tolocinobufagin-3-succinoylarginine ester and tolocinobufagin-3-hemisuberate, were isolated from the skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor.Cinobufagin-3-hemisuberate was also isolated from the natural source for the first time.Their structures were established using spectroscopic methods.展开更多
The heterogeneous reaction of SO_(2) on mineral dust surfaces is generally considered as an important chemical pathway for secondary sulfate formation in the troposphere.To this day,there are no reported studies that ...The heterogeneous reaction of SO_(2) on mineral dust surfaces is generally considered as an important chemical pathway for secondary sulfate formation in the troposphere.To this day,there are no reported studies that assess the impact of atmospheric CO_(2) in sulfate production on mineral dust surfaces.In this work,we investigate the impact of CO_(2) on SO_(2) uptake on dust proxy aluminum oxide particles using a diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS).CO_(2) is demonstrated to suppress the heterogeneous oxidation of SO_(2) on alpha-Al2 O_(3).Compared to that measured in the CO_(2)-free case,the uptake coefficient is decreased by nearly 57%when Al_(2)O_(3) particles are exposed to the gas flow with atmospheric CO_(2) at a relative humidity(RH)of 25%.It is also found that there is a balance between the yield of active moiety-OH provided by AI(OH)3(CO)(OH)2 clusters and the loss of basic hydroxyl group on aluminum oxide surfaces blocked by CO_(2)-derived(bi)carbonate species.This work,for the first time,reveals a negative effect of atmospheric CO_(2) on the sulfate formation,which potentially decreases solarradiation scattering and further exacerbates global warming.展开更多
Time delay-based the 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology(5G)positioning is a main method to perform high-precision positioning in Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)denied areas.However,in practical ap...Time delay-based the 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology(5G)positioning is a main method to perform high-precision positioning in Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)denied areas.However,in practical applications,the occlusion of signals in a complex environment results in few observable base stations,which affects the reliability and accuracy of positioning.The aim of this study is to improve the performance of the 5G positioning in complex environments with an insufficient number of observable base stations.First,the Angle of Departure(AOD)capability of multi-antennas is integrated into Multi-Round-Trip-Time(Multi-RTT)positioning,establishing a novel 5G RTT/AOD positioning model.Then,the influencing factors of positioning performance,including the Dilution of Precision(DOP)and the accuracy of the AOD measurements,is analyzed.The relationship between DOP and RTT/AOD positioning accuracy is deduced.Afterwards,simulation experiments are performed on 5G positioning with the Multi-RTT and RTT/AOD methods in two scenarios with good and complex environments.The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that 5G positioning with the RTT/AOD method increases the horizontal and vertical accuracies by approximately 25 and 65%,respectively,compared with the Multi-RTT method.The positioning reliability is also greatly improved.The proposed model can well solve the inefficiency of 5G positioning with the RTT method in scenarios where the number of base stations is less than three.展开更多
基金Supported by the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Program,No.[2020]4Y004.
文摘BACKGROUND According to practice guidelines,endoscopic band ligation(EBL)and endoscopic tissue adhesive injection(TAI)are recommended for treating bleeding from esophagogastric varices.However,EBL and TAI are known to cause serious complications,such as hemorrhage from dislodged ligature rings caused by EBL and hemorrhage from operation-related ulcers resulting from TAI.However,the optimal therapy for mild to moderate type 1 gastric variceal hemorrhage(GOV1)has not been determined.Therefore,the aim of this study was to discover an individualized treatment for mild to moderate GOV1.AIM To compare the efficacy,safety and costs of EBL and TAI for the treatment of mild and moderate GOV1.METHODS A clinical analysis of the data retrieved from patients with mild or moderate GOV1 gastric varices who were treated under endoscopy was also conducted.Patients were allocated to an EBL group or an endoscopic TAI group.The differences in the incidence of varicose relief,operative time,operation success rate,mortality rate within 6 wk,rebleeding rate,6-wk operation-related ulcer healing rate,complication rate and average operation cost were compared between the two groups of patients.RESULTS The total effective rate of the two treatments was similar,but the efficacy of EBL(66.7%)was markedly better than that of TAI(39.2%)(P<0.05).The operation success rate in both groups was 100%,and the 6-wk mortality rate in both groups was 0%.The average operative time(26 min)in the EBL group was significantly shorter than that in the TAI group(46 min)(P<0.01).The rate of delayed postoperative rebleeding in the EBL group was significantly lower than that in the TAI group(11.8%vs 45.1%)(P<0.01).At 6 wk after the operation,the healing rate of operation-related ulcers in the EBL group was 80.4%,which was significantly greater than that in the TAI group(35.3%)(P<0.01).The incidence of postoperative complications in the two groups was similar.The average cost and other related economic factors were greater for the EBL than for the TAI(P<0.01).CONCLUSION For mild to moderate GOV1,patients with EBL had a greater one-time varix eradication rate,a greater 6-wk operation-related ulcer healing rate,a lower delayed rebleeding rate and a lower cost than patients with TAI.
文摘BACKGROUND Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is a key procedure for diagnosing and treating biliary and pancreatic disorders.Although effective,it carries risks,including rare but severe complications such as air embolism.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a 58-year-old man who developed extensive air embolism during ERCP.He previously underwent a Whipple procedure and experienced a sudden drop in vital signs and loss of consciousness.Immediate intervention with hyperbaric oxygen therapy and supportive care led to gradual recovery.Imaging confirmed widespread air embolism,which resolved with continued treatment.CONCLUSION Air embolism is a rare,critical complication of ERCP,especially in patients with prior surgery such as pancreaticoduodenectomy.Early detection and prompt treatment,including hyperbaric oxygen therapy,are crucial for favorable out-comes.
基金supported by the Foundation for Military Medicine,China,No.BWS11J035(to JPF)the Key Disciplines Group Construction Project of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai of China,No.PWZxq2017-09(to XPC and JPF)
文摘Olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosa have been tbund to increase axonal sprouting and pathfinding and promote the recovery of vibrissae motor performance in facial nerve transection injured rats. However, it is not yet clear whether olfactory ensheathing cells promote the reparation of facial nerve defects in rats. In this study, a collagen sponge and silicone tube neural conduit was implanted into the 6-mm defect of the buccal branch of the facial nerve in adult rats. Olfactory ensheathing cells isolated from the olfactory bulb of newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were injected into the neural conduits connecting the ends of tile broken nerves, the morphology and function of the regenerated nerves were compared between the rats implanted with olfactory ensheathing cells with the rats injected with saline. Facial paralysis was assessed. Nerve electrography was used to measure facial nerve-induced action potentials. Visual inspection, anatomical microscopy and hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to assess the histomorphology around the trans planted neural conduit and the morphology of the regenerated nerve. Using fluorogold retrograde tracing, toluidine blue staining and lead uranyl acetate staining, we also measured the number of neurons in the anterior exterior lateral f：acial nerve motor nucleus, the number of myelinated nerve fibers, and nerve fiber diameter and myelin sheath thickness, respectively. After surgery, olfactory ensheathing cells de- creased facial paralysis and the latency of the facial nerve-induced action potentials. There were no differences in the general morphology of the regenerating nerves between the rats implanted with olfactory ensheathing cells and the rats injected with saline. Between-group results showed that olfactory ensheathing cell treatment increased the number of regenerated neurons, improved nerve fiber morphology, and increased the number of myelinated nerve fibers, nerve fiber diameter, and myelin sheath thickness. In conclusion, implantation of olfactory ensheathing cells can promote regeneration and functional recovery after facial nerve damage in rats.
文摘Objective:To study the efficacy of Professor Zhiqiang Guo's unique sequential herbal therapy in the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)of the kidney deficiency and liver constraint pattern.Methods:Ninety patients with POI who consulted with Professor Guo at Dongzimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from January 2012 to December 2015 were enrolled.Treatment consisted of sequential therapy using traditional Chinese medicine formulae with the actions of nourishing the liver and kidney.Course of treatment was 3 consecutive menstrual cycles for each participant except for those who became pregnant during treatment.Baseline data including age,course of disease,past medical history,lifestyle,pregnancy outcome,menstrual status(cycle length,menstrual flow duration and volume),as well as gonadal hormone levels before and after treatment were recorded and analyzed.Results:During treatment,18(20.0%)participants became pregnant.Symptoms including scanty menstrual flow,irritability,low libido,insomnia and excessive dreaming at night,nightsweats,hot flashes,and depression were markedly alleviated.Changes in follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)and luteinizing hormone(LH)levels at early follicular stage were observed(P=.009 and P=.002,respectively),and FSH/LH differed significantly pre-and posttreatment(P=.0.44).Conclusion:Professor Guo's sequential Chinese herbal therapy with the actions of nourishing the liver and kidney to treat POI can enhance ovarian function,promote pregnancy,and improve quality of life.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:31900714,81670905,81870702,82271136Pyramid Talent Project of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital,Grant/Award Number:0907Innovative Clinical Research Projectsof Shanghai Changzheng Hospital,Grant/Award Number:2020YLCYJ-Y23。
文摘Objective:To identify factors that influence the severity of tinnitus via a hierarchical multiple linear regression model.Methods:The study was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis.The study included 331 patients experiencing tinnitus as their primary concern,who visited Shanghai Changzheng Hospital of the Navy Medical University between 2019 and 2021.Data on general health status and disease characteristics were collected from all patients.With their consent,participants underwent audiological evaluatons and completed questionnaires to analyze the characteristics of their tinnitus and the factors influencing its severity.Results:The correlation analysis showed a positive relationship between tinnitus frequency,tinnitus loudness,SAS scores,and PSQI scores with THI scores(P<0.05)among nine examined variables(gender,handedness,employment status,age,BMI,tinnitus frequency,tinnitus loudness,SAS scores,and PSQI scores).The variables that were extracted from the multiple regression were;for the constant;β=-51.797,t=-4.484,P<0.001,variable is significant;for the tinnitus loudness;β=0.161,t=2.604,P<0.05,variable is significant;for the tinnitus frequency;β=0.000,t=1.269,P=0.206,variable is not significant;for the SAS scores;β=1.310,t=7.685,P<0.001,variable is significant;for the PSQI scores;β=1.680,t=5.433,P<0.001,variable is significant.Therefore,the most accurate model for predicting severity in tinnitus patients is a linear combination of the constant,tinnitus loudness,SAS scores,and PSQI scores,Y(Tinnitus severity)=β0+β1(Tinnitus loudness)+β2(SAS scores)+β3(PSQI scores).β0,β1,β2,andβ3 are-51.797,0.161,1.310 and 1.680,respectively.Conclusion:Tinnitus severity is positively associated with loudness,anxiety levels,and sleep quality.To effectively manage tinnitus in patients,it is essential to promptly identify and address these accompanying factors and related symptoms.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81630014,81825002)Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program(No.BJJWZYJH01201910023029)AI+Health Collaborative Innovation Cultivation Project of Beijing Science and Technology Commission(No.Z201100005620006)
文摘Background:There is little published evidence about the role of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in the progression from prehypertension to hypertension.This study was conducted to investigate the association of NAFLD and its severity with the risk of hypertension developing from prehypertension.Methods:The study cohort comprised 25,433 participants from the Kailuan study with prehypertension at baseline;those with excessive alcohol consumption and other liver diseases were excluded.NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography and stratified as mild,moderate,or severe.Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate the hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)of incident hypertension according to the presence and 3 categories of severity of NAFLD.Results:During a median of 12.6 years of follow-up,10,638 participants progressed to hypertension from prehypertension.After adjusting for multiple risk factors,patients with prehypertension and NAFLD had a 15%higher risk of incident hypertension than those without NAFLD(HR=1.15,95%CI 1.10-1.21).Moreover,the severity of NAFLD was associated with the incidence of hypertension,which was higher in patients with more severe NAFLD(HR=1.15[95%CI 1.10-1.21]in the mild NAFLD group;HR=1.15[95%CI 1.07-1.24]in the moderate NAFLD group;and HR=1.20[95%CI 1.03-1.41]in the severe NAFLD group).Subgroup analysis indicated that age and baseline systolic blood pressure may modify this association.Conclusions:NAFLD is an independent risk factor for hypertension in patients with prehypertension.The risk of incident hypertension increases with the severity of NAFLD.
基金financially supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (No. 2014BAL02B05)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51678419)
文摘Waste textiles（WTs） are the inevitable outcome of human activity and should be separated and recycled in view of sustainable development. In this work, WT was modified through grafting with acrylic acid（AA） via radical polymerization process using ceric ammonium nitrate（CAN） as an initiator and microwave and/or UV irradiation as energy supply. The acrylic acid-grafted waste textiles（WT-g-AA） thus obtained was then used as an adsorbent to remove Pb（Ⅱ） from Pb（Ⅱ）-containing wastewater. The effects of p H, initial concentrations of Pb（Ⅱ） and adsorbent dose were investigated, and around 95% Pb（Ⅱ） can be removed from the aqueous solution containing 10 mg/L at p H 6.0–8.0. The experimental adsorption isotherm data was fitted to the Langmuir model with maximum adsorption capacity of35.7 mg Pb/g WT-g-AA. The Pb-absorbed WT-g-AA was stripped using dilute nitric acid solution and the adsorption capacity of Pb-free material decreased from 95.4%（cycle 1） to91.1%（cycle 3）. It was considered that the WT-g-AA adsorption for Pb（Ⅱ） may be realized through the ion-exchange mechanism between ／COOH and Pb（Ⅱ）. The promising results manifested that WT-g-AA powder was an efficient, eco-friendly and reusable adsorbent for the removal of Pb（Ⅱ） from wastewater.
基金We would like to acknowledge Weigert et al.for making their source code and data related to image restoration openly available to the comm unity.We thank the Rubin Lab at Harvard,the Finkbeiner Lab at Gladstone,and Google Accelerated Science for releasing their datasets on virtual cell staining.We thank Jingjing Wang,affiliated with the apparatus sharing platform of Tsinghua University,for assistance with the imaging of histopathology slides.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62088102,61831014,62071271,and 62071272)Projects of MOST(2020AA0105500 and 2020AAA0130000)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Projects(ZDYBH201900000002 and JCYJ20180508152042002)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX20190173).
文摘The development of deep learning and open access to a substantial collection of imaging data together provide a potential solution for computational image transformation,which is gradually changing the landscape of optical imaging and biomedical research.However,current implementations of deep learning usually operate in a supervised manner,and their reliance on laborious and error-prone data annotation procedures remains a barrier to more general applicability.Here,we propose an unsupervised image transformation to facilitate the utilization of deep learning for optical microscopy,even in some cases in which supervised models cannot be applied.Through the introduction of a saliency constraint,the unsupervised model,named Unsupervised content-preserving Transformation for Optical Microscopy(UTOM);can learn the mapping between two image domains without requiring paired training data while avoiding distortions of the image content.UTOM shows promising performance in a wide range of biomedical image transformation tasks,including in silico histological staining,fluorescence image restoration,and virtual fluorescence labeling.Quantitative evaluations reveal that UTOM achieves stable and high-fidelity image transformations across different imaging conditions and modalities.We anticipate that our framework will encourage a paradigm shift in training neural networks and enable more applications of artificial intelligence in biomedical imaging.
基金funded by China National Science and Technology Major Project for"Significant New Drugs Development"(2011ZX09304-07)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81673833)China Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(ZZ0908029).
文摘It's a challenge for detecting the therapeutic targets of a polypharmacological drug from variations in the responsed networks in thedfferentiated populations with complex diseases,as stable coronary heart disease.Here,in an adaptive,31-center,randomized,double-blind trial invoving 920 patients with moderate symptomatic stable angina treated by 14-day Danhong injection(DHI),a kind of polyphamacological drug with high quality control,or placebo(0.9%saline),with 76-day following-up,we firstly confrmed that DHl couldincrease the proportion of patients with clinically significant changes on angina-frequency assessed by Seattle Angina Questionnaire(ASAQ-AF220)(12.78%at Day 30,95%confidence interval[C]5.86-19.71%,P=0.0003,13.82%at Day 6C0,95%CI 6.82-20.82%,P=0.0001and 8.95%at Day 90,95%CI 2.06-15.85%,P=0.01).We also found that there were no significant differences in new-onset major vascularevents(P=0.8502)and serious adverse events(P=0.9105)between DHl and placebo.After performing the RNA sequencing in 62 selectedpatients,we developed a systemic modular approach tp identfy differentilly expressed modules(DEMs)of DHI with the Z_(summay)valueless than 0 compared with the control group,calculated by weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),and sketched out thebasic framework on a modular map with 25 functional modules targeted by DII.Furthermore,the effective therapeutic module(ETM),defined as the highest corelation value with the phenotype alteration(SAQ-AF,the change in SAQ-AF at Day 30 from baseline)calculatedby WGCNA,was identifed in the population with the best effect(ASAQ-AF240),which is related to anticoagulation and regulation ofcholesterol metabolism.We assessed the modular flexbility of this ETM using the global topological D value based on Euclidean distance,which is corelated with phenotype alteration(r^(2):0.8204,P=0.019)by linear regression.Our study identified the ant-angina therapeuticmodule in the effective population treated by the multi-target drug.Modular methods facilitate the discovery of network pharmacologicalmechanisms and the advancement of precision medicine.(ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCTO1681316).
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1312703)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS,2016-12M1–006)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81630014,81825002,81800367,81870318,81670379)Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program(BJJWZYJH01201910023029).
文摘Although some co-risk factors and hemodynamic alterations are involved in hypertension progression,their direct biomechanical effects are unclear.Here,we constructed a high-hydrostatic-pressure cell-culture system to imitate constant hypertension and identified novel molecular classifications of human aortic smooth muscle cells(HASMCs)by single-cell transcriptome analysis.Under 100-mmHg(analogous to healthy human blood pressure)or 200-mmHg(analogous to hypertension)hydrostatic pressure for 48 h,HASMCs showed six distinct vascular SMC(VSMC)clusters according to differential gene expression and gene ontology enrichment analysis.Especially,two novel HASMC subsets were identified,named the inflammatory subset,with CXCL2,CXCL3 and CCL2 as markers,and the endothelial-function inhibitory subset,with AKR1C2,AKR1C3,SERPINF1 as markers.The inflammatory subset promoted CXCL2&3 and CCL2 chemokine expression and secretion,triggering monocyte migration;the endothelial-function inhibitory subset secreted SERPINF1 and accelerated prostaglandin F2αgeneration to inhibit angiogenesis.The expression of the two VSMC subsets was greatly increased in arterial media from patients with hypertension and experimental animal models of hypertension.Collectively,we identified high hydrostatic pressure directly driving VSMCs into two new subsets,promoting or exacerbating endothelial dysfunction,thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.
基金the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 91530325).
文摘Vortices have been regarded as the building blocks and muscles of turbulence for a long time. To better describe and analyze vortices or vortical structures, recently a new physical quantity called Liutex (previously named Rortex) is introduced to present the rigid rotation part of fluid motion (Liu et al. 2018). Since turbulence is closely related to the vortex, it can be postulated that there exists no turbulence without Liutex. According to direct numerical simulations (DNS) and experiments, forest of hairpin vortices has been found in transitional and low Reynolds number turbulent flows, while one-leg vortices are predominant in full developed turbulent flows. This paper demonstrates that the hairpin vortex is unstable. The hairpin vortex will be weakened or lose one leg by the shear and Liutex interaction, based on the Liutex definition and mathematical analysis without any physical assumptions. The asymmetry of the vortex is caused by the interaction of symmetric shear and symmetric Liutex since the smaller element of a pair of vorticity elements determines the rotational strength. For a 2-D fluid rotation, if a disturbance shear effects the larger element, the rotation strength will not be changed, but if the disturbance shear effects the smaller element, the rotation strength will be immediately changed due to the definition of the Liutex strength. For a rigid rotation, if the shearing part of the vorticity and Liutex present the same directions, e.g., clockwise, the Liutex strength will not be changed. If the shearing part of the vorticity and Liutex present different directions, e.g., one clockwise and another counterclockwise, the Liutex strength will be weakened.Consequently, the hairpin vortex could lose the symmetry and even deform to a one-leg vortex. The one-leg vortex cannot keep balance, and the chaotic motion and flow fluctuation are doomed. This is considered as the mathematical foundation of turbulence formation. The DNS results of boundary layer transition are used to justify this theory.
基金supported by the National Construction Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine
文摘Two new bufotoxins,tolocinobufagin-3-succinoylarginine ester and tolocinobufagin-3-hemisuberate, were isolated from the skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor.Cinobufagin-3-hemisuberate was also isolated from the natural source for the first time.Their structures were established using spectroscopic methods.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21976030 and21677037)Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Nos.2016YFE0112200 and 2016YFC0202700)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Nos.19ZR1471200 and 17ZR1440200)。
文摘The heterogeneous reaction of SO_(2) on mineral dust surfaces is generally considered as an important chemical pathway for secondary sulfate formation in the troposphere.To this day,there are no reported studies that assess the impact of atmospheric CO_(2) in sulfate production on mineral dust surfaces.In this work,we investigate the impact of CO_(2) on SO_(2) uptake on dust proxy aluminum oxide particles using a diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS).CO_(2) is demonstrated to suppress the heterogeneous oxidation of SO_(2) on alpha-Al2 O_(3).Compared to that measured in the CO_(2)-free case,the uptake coefficient is decreased by nearly 57%when Al_(2)O_(3) particles are exposed to the gas flow with atmospheric CO_(2) at a relative humidity(RH)of 25%.It is also found that there is a balance between the yield of active moiety-OH provided by AI(OH)3(CO)(OH)2 clusters and the loss of basic hydroxyl group on aluminum oxide surfaces blocked by CO_(2)-derived(bi)carbonate species.This work,for the first time,reveals a negative effect of atmospheric CO_(2) on the sulfate formation,which potentially decreases solarradiation scattering and further exacerbates global warming.
基金Grant No.2018YFC0809804National Science Foundation of China under Grant No.41974038major consulting research project of the Chinese Academy of Engineering(HB2020B13).
文摘Time delay-based the 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology(5G)positioning is a main method to perform high-precision positioning in Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)denied areas.However,in practical applications,the occlusion of signals in a complex environment results in few observable base stations,which affects the reliability and accuracy of positioning.The aim of this study is to improve the performance of the 5G positioning in complex environments with an insufficient number of observable base stations.First,the Angle of Departure(AOD)capability of multi-antennas is integrated into Multi-Round-Trip-Time(Multi-RTT)positioning,establishing a novel 5G RTT/AOD positioning model.Then,the influencing factors of positioning performance,including the Dilution of Precision(DOP)and the accuracy of the AOD measurements,is analyzed.The relationship between DOP and RTT/AOD positioning accuracy is deduced.Afterwards,simulation experiments are performed on 5G positioning with the Multi-RTT and RTT/AOD methods in two scenarios with good and complex environments.The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that 5G positioning with the RTT/AOD method increases the horizontal and vertical accuracies by approximately 25 and 65%,respectively,compared with the Multi-RTT method.The positioning reliability is also greatly improved.The proposed model can well solve the inefficiency of 5G positioning with the RTT method in scenarios where the number of base stations is less than three.
