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Food security amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Central Asia:Evidence from rural Tajikistan
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作者 yuhan zhao Chen Qian +2 位作者 Yumei Zhang Xiande Li Kamiljon T.Akramov 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第8期2853-2867,共15页
Food security has been long understudied in the context of Central Asia.We present an analysis examining household-level food demand for Tajikistan and assessing the magnitude of its food security changes during the C... Food security has been long understudied in the context of Central Asia.We present an analysis examining household-level food demand for Tajikistan and assessing the magnitude of its food security changes during the COVID-19 pandemic.Based on an extensive household survey data set from Tajikistan,we estimate the expenditure,income,and price elasticities for nine food categories using the QUAIDS model.Then,we develop a microsimulation model using the estimated elasticities to assess the dual impact of declining remittance income and rising food prices stemming from the pandemic shock.There are significant differences in demand elasticities across food groups,with high elasticities observed for nutritious foods,such as meat,fruit,eggs,and milk,in rural households.Moreover,our findings show that changes in remittance income and food prices significantly negatively affected food security for rural households during the COVID-19 pandemic.These findings have important implications for policymakers concerned about rural livelihoods and food security in remittance-receiving economies during the post-pandemic period. 展开更多
关键词 international remittances food security COVID-19 TAJIKISTAN Central Asia
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移动健康应用程序对冠心病患者临床结局和健康行为的影响:系统评价
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作者 朱忆宁 赵宇涵 吴瑛 《International Journal of Nursing Sciences》 CSCD 2024年第2期258-275,I0003,共19页
目的系统评价基于移动健康应用程序的干预对冠心病患者临床结果和健康行为的影响。方法检索PubMed、Embase等10个数据库及临床试验注册平台中相关的随机对照试验,检索时限为建库至2023年12月31日。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选、资料提... 目的系统评价基于移动健康应用程序的干预对冠心病患者临床结果和健康行为的影响。方法检索PubMed、Embase等10个数据库及临床试验注册平台中相关的随机对照试验,检索时限为建库至2023年12月31日。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选、资料提取、文献质量评价,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入34篇文献,包括5319例患者。Meta分析结果显示:使用移动健康应用程序能有效改善冠心病患者心脏缺血事件发生率(RR=0.68,P=0.03),再入院率(RR=0.56,P<0.001),总胆固醇(WMD=-0.19,P=0.030),甘油三酯(WMD=-0.24,P<0.001),腰围(WMD=-1.92,P=0.01),焦虑(WMD=-6.70,P<0.001)和抑郁自我评分(WMD=-7.87,P<0.001),同时提高左室射血分数(WMD=6.50,P<0.001)、最大摄氧量(WMD=1.89,P<0.001)、六分钟步行距离(WMD=19.43,P=0.004)、Morisky服药依从性评分(WMD=0.96,P=0.004)和依从率(RR=1.24,P=0.03);但对低密度脂蛋白、血压、体重指数等其他指标的效果尚不明确。结论移动健康应用程序不仅能够降低冠心病患者心脏缺血事件发生率和入院率,还能改善血脂水平、心功能、服药依从性和焦虑抑郁症状等。 展开更多
关键词 冠心病 健康行为 移动应用程序 远程医疗
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Health Effects of Extreme Low Temperatures and Cold Waves on Respiratory Diseases
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作者 Zongrui Liu Yuxia Ma +4 位作者 yuhan zhao Wanci Wang Pengpeng Qin Jie Yang Bowen Cheng 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第6期682-685,共4页
Climate change is the most significant threat to public health and exerts myriad influences on health,including the occurrence of extreme temperature events.Studies have demonstrated that populations will experience s... Climate change is the most significant threat to public health and exerts myriad influences on health,including the occurrence of extreme temperature events.Studies have demonstrated that populations will experience significantly severe cold waves in the future^([1]),increasing the risk of respiratory diseases. 展开更多
关键词 EXTREME EFFECTS events.
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Redirecting dynamic structural evolution of nickel-contained RuO_(2) catalyst during electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction 被引量:3
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作者 yuhan zhao Menghua Xi +6 位作者 Yanbin Qi Xuedi Sheng Pengfei Tian Yihua Zhu Xiaoling Yang Chunzhong Li Hongliang Jiang 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第6期330-337,I0009,共9页
Electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a main efficiency bottleneck of water electrolysis.Commercial ruthenium oxide (RuO_(2)) catalyst displays remarkable activities but poor stability for OER.The instabi... Electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a main efficiency bottleneck of water electrolysis.Commercial ruthenium oxide (RuO_(2)) catalyst displays remarkable activities but poor stability for OER.The instability stems from lattice oxygen oxidation,resulting in the oxidation of Ru^(4+) to soluble Ru^(4+)(x>4) species.Herein,we redirect dynamic structural evolution of Ru-based catalysts through introducing oxidized nickel (Ni) components.By virtue of comprehensive structural characterizations,such as high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),operando Raman and so forth,it is demonstrated that when the atomic content of Ni exceeds that of ruthenium (Ru),the Ni components can efficiently inhibit the Ru^(4+) oxidation and structural collapse.Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that the introduction of Ni component hinders the formation of oxygen vacancies,and makes lattice oxygen mediated mechanism turn to adsorbate evolution mechanism,which eventually improves the stability.The optimized nickel-contained RuO_(2) catalyst delivers an effective reactivity with an overpotential of less than 215 m V to attain 10 m A cm^(-2) and remarkable stability with only 5 mV increment after 5000 potential cycles.This work provides insights into the origin of dynamic structural evolution of transition-metalmodified RuO_(2) electrocatalysts. 展开更多
关键词 Oxygen evolution reaction RUTHENIUM Structure evolution ELECTROCATALYSIS Operando Raman
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Metabolic interventions combined with CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade for the treatment of tumors:mechanisms and strategies 被引量:2
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作者 Liming Liao Huilin Xu +1 位作者 yuhan zhao Xiaofeng Zheng 《Frontiers of Medicine》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第5期805-822,共18页
Immunotherapies based on immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)have significantly improved patient outcomes and offered new approaches to cancer therapy over the past decade.To date,immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)of CTLA-... Immunotherapies based on immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)have significantly improved patient outcomes and offered new approaches to cancer therapy over the past decade.To date,immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)of CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 represent the main class of immunotherapy.Blockade of CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 has shown remarkable efficacy in several specific types of cancers,however,a large subset of refractory patients presents poor responsiveness to ICB therapy;and the underlying mechanism remains elusive.Recently,numerous studies have revealed that metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells restrains immune responses by remodeling the tumor microenvironment(TME)with various products of metabolism,and combination therapies involving metabolic inhibitors and ICIs provide new approaches to cancer therapy.Nevertheless,a systematic summary is lacking regarding the manner by which different targetable metabolic pathways regulate immune checkpoints to overcome ICI resistance.Here,we demonstrate the generalized mechanism of targeting cancer metabolism at three crucial immune checkpoints(CTLA-4,PD-1,and PD-L1)to influence ICB therapy and propose potential combined immunotherapeutic strategies co-targeting tumor metabolic pathways and immune checkpoints. 展开更多
关键词 CTLA-4 PD-1 PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade(ICB) metabolic reprogramming combined tumor therapeutic strategies
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Long-term exposure to air pollution and cerebrovascular disease:findings from Beijing Health Management Cohort study 被引量:1
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作者 yuhan zhao Xiaoping Kang +9 位作者 Xue Tian Lulu Liu Zemeng zhao Lili Luo Lixin Tao Xiangtong Liu Xiaonan Wang Xiuhua Guo Juan Xia Yanxia Luo 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2023年第7期79-89,共11页
The relationship between air pollution and cerebrovascular disease has become a popular topic,yet research findings are highly heterogeneous.This study aims to investigate this association based on detailed individual... The relationship between air pollution and cerebrovascular disease has become a popular topic,yet research findings are highly heterogeneous.This study aims to investigate this association based on detailed individual health data and a precise evaluation of their exposure levels.The integrated models of generalized additive model,land use regression model and back propagation neural network were used to evaluate the exposure concentrations.And doubly robust additive model was conducted to explore the association between cerebrovascular disease and air pollution after adjusted for demographic characteristics,physical examination,disease information,geographic and socioeconomic status.A total of 25097 subjects were included in the Beijing Health Management Cohort from 2013 to 2018.With a 1µg/m^(3)increase in the concentrations of PM_(2.5),SO_(2)and NO_(2),the incidence risk of cerebrovascular disease increased by 1.02(95%CI:1.008–1.034),1.06(95%CI:1.034–1.095)and 1.02(95%CI:1.010–1.029)respectively.Whereas CO exposure could decrease the risk,with an odds ratio of 0.38(95%CI:0.212–0.626).In the subgroup analysis,individuals under the age of 50 with normal BMI were at higher risk caused by PM2.5,and So2 was considered more hazardous to women.Meanwhile,the protective effect of CO on women and those with normal BMI was stronger.Successful reduction of long-term exposure to PM2.5,SO_(2)and NO_(2)would lead to substantial benefits for decrease the risk of cerebrovascular disease especially for the health of the susceptible individuals. 展开更多
关键词 Air pollution Cerebrovascular disease INCIDENCE Long-term exposure Doubly robust additive model
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