Curcumin delivery nanoparticles based on Maillard reaction of Haematococcus pluvialis protein/galactose for alleviating acute alcoholic liver damage

The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of Maillard reaction products of Haematococcus pluvialis protein and galactose(HPP-GAL)for improving the bioactivities of curcumin(CUR)for alleviating alcoholic liver damage.CUR was embedded into HPP-GAL nanoparticles by the self-assembly of hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction with the particle size around 200 nm.HPP-GAL enhanced the encapsulation efficiency and loading amount of CUR with the value of(89.21±0.33)%and(0.500±0.004)%,respectively.The stabilities of CUR under strong acid,salt ion stability and ultraviolet irradiation conditions were improved by the encapsulation.HPP-GAL-CUR nanoparticles exhibited excellent concentration-dependent in vitro antioxidant activities including DPPH and ABTS scavenging rates,and better protective effect on CUR against gastric acid environment as well as longer release of CUR in simulated intestinal fluid.In addition,the HPPGAL-CUR delivery system possessed liver targeting property due to the existence of GAL,which could effectively alleviate the alcohol-induced liver damage and the inflammation indexes by inhibiting the oxidative stress.Therefore,HPP-GAL-CUR nanoparticles might be a potential candidate system for the prevention of alcoholic liver damage in the future.

A food-grade and senescent cell-targeted fisetin delivery system based on whey protein isolate-galactooligosaccharides Maillard conjugate

Cellular senescence is the results of aging and age-related diseases,and the development of anti-aging methods may improve health and extend longevity.The natural flavonol fisetin has been shown to antagonize senescence in vitro and increases longevity in vivo,but has poor water solubility and limited bioavailability.In this study,a food-grade and senescent cell-targeted delivery system for fisetin was developed based on whey protein isolate-galactooligosaccharides(WPI-GOS)Maillard conjugate,which could recognize senescence associatedβ-galactosidase in senescent cells.The fisetin nanoparticles possessed a high encapsulation efficiency,excellent dispersibility in water,good storage stability and well biocompatibility.Moreover,they could effectively accumulate and retain in senescent cells with excellent senescent cell-targeting efficacy,and inhibit the oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence in vitro.Thus,this novel nanoparticle system based on WPI-GOS Maillard conjugate showed promise to deliver hydrophobic bioactive ingredients like fisetin to senescent cells to improve their bioavailability and anti-senescence effect.

Resveratrol compares with melatonin in improving in vitro porcine oocyte maturation under heat stress

Background： Resveratrol, an important phyto-antioxidant commonly found in grapes, mulberry, and other plants,has a variety of functions including anti-aging, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. In the current study, we investigated the beneficial effects of resveratrol on in vitro porcine oocyte maturation under heat stress（HS）. The effect of resveratrol, melatonin and their combination on alleviating HS was compared according to the maturation rate of oocytes and the development competence of embryos after parthenogenetic activation（PA）.Results： Supplementation with resveratrol（2.0 μmol/L） not only improved the nuclear maturation but also raised the blastocyst rate of porcine embryos＇ PA from oocytes that underwent HS by increasing their glutathione（GSH）level, reducing reactive oxygen species（ROS） and up-regulating the expression of Sirtuin 1（SIRT1）. It was also found that melatonin（10^-7mol/L） and the combination of resveratrol（2.0 μmol/L） plus melatonin（10^-7mol/L） exhibited more potent effects than resveratrol alone regarding their protective activities on oocyte maturation under HS.Conclusions： This study compared the efficiencies of resveratrol, melatonin and their combination for protecting porcine oocytes from heat stress. The mechanisms are attributed to the fact that each treatment may have different ability to regulate the synthesis of steroid hormones and the expression of mature related genes.

Low-Temperature Baking Effect of the Radio-Frequency Nb_(3)Sn Thin Film Superconducting Cavity

The Nb_(3)Sn thin film cavity,having the potential to be operated at a higher temperature and higher gradient compared to the cavity made from bulk niobium,is one of the most promising key technologies for the nextgeneration radio-frequency superconducting accelerators.In our work,several 1.3 GHz single-cell TESLA-shaped Nb_(3)Sn thin film cavities,coated by the vapor diffusion method,were tested at Peking University and Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.It was observed that the performance of the Nb_(3)Sn thin film cavities in the tests without the slow cooling down procedure and the effective magnetic field shielding was significantly improved by using a low temperature baking at 100℃for 48 hours.Although the peak electric field of the cavity remained unchanged,the rapid drop of the unloaded Q value(Q0)with the increasing accelerating field(Q-slope)was effectively eliminated,resulting in an improvement of the Q0 in the intermediate field region by~8 times.Furthermore,under better test conditions with the shielded magnetic field less than 5 mG and the slow cooling down procedure in the temperature range of 25-15 K,the Q0 was still improved by about 20%.Our study shows that the low temperature baking can be an effective supplement to the effective post-treatment for the Nb_(3)Sn thin film cavity.

Study of Modeling for Scalable and Monitorable Network on Chip

The performance of multiple processor based on Network on Chip (NoC) is limited to the communication efficiency of network. It is difficult to be optimized of routing and arbitration algorithm and be assessed of performance in the beginning of design because of its complex test cases. This paper constructs a scalable and monitored system level model with SystemC for NoC with Packet Connected Circuit (PCC) protocol. The overall performance and transfer details can be evaluated particularly by running the model, and the statistical basis can also be provided to the optimization of designing NoC.

质子结构与质子自旋组成是什么?

质子结构是人们对物质深层次结构认识的最前沿,高能反应实验特别是电子质子深度非弹性散射实验的开展,推动了理论研究的不断深入,发展出量子色动力学基础上的部分子模型,成为描述质子结构的标准动力学图像,更新了人们对物质结构认识的观念,也为检验量子色动力学、研究其性质与应用方法提供了一个核心前沿基地,发展出因子化定理与共线展开等重要方法.而近年来实验对质子自旋结构、质子电磁半径的测量相继引发的"质子自旋之谜"与"质子半径之谜"等,更加激发了粒子物理与核物理学界的研究兴趣,对质子结构的研究也从简单的一维纵向运动深入到包括横动量和自旋依赖的三维情形,从单纯的数密度分布扩展到各类的自旋与动量关联函数,包括描述量子干涉效应在内的阶压低的高扭度分布函数,研究内容与研究方法不断地更新.近期新的实验基地,如美国电子离子对撞机等的建设更将推动该方向研究迎来快速发展的高峰期,我国规划中的相应的大科学装置也有望在该领域的研究中发挥重要作用.