Highly Aligned Ternary Nanofiber Matrices Loaded with MXene Expedite Regeneration of Volumetric Muscle Loss

Current therapeutic approaches for volumetric muscle loss(VML)face challenges due to limited graft availability and insufficient bioactivities.To overcome these limitations,tissue-engineered scaffolds have emerged as a promising alternative.In this study,we developed aligned ternary nanofibrous matrices comprised of poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)integrated with collagen and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene nanoparticles(NPs)(PCM matrices),and explored their myogenic potential for skeletal muscle tissue regeneration.The PCM matrices demonstrated favorable physicochemical properties,including structural uniformity,alignment,microporosity,and hydrophilicity.In vitro assays revealed that the PCM matrices promoted cellular behaviors and myogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts.Moreover,in vivo experiments demonstrated enhanced muscle remodeling and recovery in mice treated with PCM matrices following VML injury.Mechanistic insights from next-generation sequencing revealed that MXene NPs facilitated protein and ion availability within PCM matrices,leading to elevated intracellular Ca^(2+)levels in myoblasts through the activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS)and serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1(SGK1),ultimately promoting myogenic differentiation via the m TOR-AKT pathway.Additionally,upregulated i NOS and increased NO–contributed to myoblast proliferation and fiber fusion,thereby facilitating overall myoblast maturation.These findings underscore the potential of MXene NPs loaded within highly aligned matrices as therapeutic agents to promote skeletal muscle tissue recovery.

Altered physiology of mesenchymal stem cells in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most common spinal deformity during puberty,especially in females.It is characterized by aberrant skeletal growth and generalized reduced bone density,which is associated with impaired bone mineral metabolism.Despite recent progress in multidisciplinary research to support various hypotheses,the pathogenesis of Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is still not clearly understood.One of the hypothesis is to study the role of mesenchymal stem cells due to its involvement in the above-mentioned bone metabolic abnormalities.In this review,we will summarize reported literatures on the role of mesenchymal stem cells,particularly in the pathogenesis of Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.In addition,we will describe the research on mesenchymal stem cells of Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis performed using bioinformatics tools.

Novel endogenous endoplasmic reticulum transmembrane protein SURF4 suppresses cell death by negatively regulating the STING-STAT6 axis inmyeloid leukemia

Dear Editor,Myeloid differentiation was shown to be associated with reduced leukemic cell burden and leukemia-initiating cells and improved survival[1].Reactive oxygen species(ROS)are associated with leukemia and can induce endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress.ER stress induces several mechanisms,including cell death[2].The stimulator of interferon genes(STING)is also an ER transmembrane protein and promotes anti-tumor immunity by linking innate and adaptive immunity[3].Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6(STAT6)plays a prominent role in adaptive immunity by transducing signals fromextracellular cytokines and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells[4].