Association of physical activity with risk of chronic kidney disease in China:A population-based cohort study

Background:Information on the association between physical activity(PA)and the risk of chronic kidney disease(CKD)is limited.We aimed to explore the associations of total,domain-specific,and intensity-specific PA with CKD and its subtypes in China.Methods:The study included 475,376 adults from the China Kadoorie Biobank aged 30-79 years during 2004-2008 at baseline.An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the information about PA,which was quantified as metabolic equivalent of task hours per day(MET-h/day)and categorized into 4 groups based on quartiles.Cox regression was used to analyze the association between PA and CKD risk.Results:During a median follow-up of 12.1 years,5415 incident CKD cases were documented,including 1159 incident diabetic kidney disease(DKD)cases and 362 incident hypertensive nephropathy(HTN)cases.Total PA was inversely associated with CKD risk,with an adjusted hazard ratio(HR,95%confidence interval(95%CI))of 0.83(0.75-0.92)for incident CKD in the highest quartile of total PA as compared with participants in the lowest quartile.Similar results were observed for risk of DKD and HTN,and the corresponding HRs(95%CIs)were 0.75(0.58-0.97)for DKD risk and 0.56(0.37-0.85)for HTN risk.Increased nonoccupational PA,low-intensity PA,and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA were significantly associated with a decreased risk of CKD,with HRs(95%CIs)of 0.80(0.73-0.88),0.85(0.77-0.94),and 0.85(0.76-0.95)in the highest quartile,respectively.Conclusion:PA,including nonoccupational PA,low-intensity PA,and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA,was inversely associated with the risk of CKD,including DKD,HTN,and other CKD,and such associations were dose dependent.

Analysis on the Construction and Application of Smart Library

Combining the smart library management plan,recognize the importance of modern smart library construction,summarize the technology in the construction of smart libraries,aiming to demonstrate the innovative value of smart library construction through the innovation of construction programs,and to provide guarantee for the design of modern libraries.

Analysis and Research of Core Technology in Wisdom Libraries

Combining the wisdom library management plan, recognize the importance of modern wisdom library construction, summarize the core technologies in the construction of smart libraries, aiming to demonstrate the innovative value of smart library construction through the innovation of construction programs, and to provide guarantee for the design of modern libraries.

Three Novel Mutations of APC Gene Found in a Chinese Family with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

Objective:To identify the causative adenomatous polyposis coli(APC)gene defects associated with a pedigree of familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP).Methods:FAP was diagnosed based on clinical manifestations,family history,as well as endoscopic and pathological examinations.The blood samples of the FAP pedigree members,colonic polyp patients,and normal individuals were collected.Genomic DNA was then extracted from those samples.APC mutation analysis was conducted via direct polymerase chain reaction(PCR)sequencing.Results:Three synonymous mutations and a missense mutation were found:c.5034G>A(p.Glyl678Gly),c.5465T>A(p.Vall 822Asp),c.5880G>A(p.Prol960Pro),and c.5274T>G(p.Serl758Ser)・Among them,the homozygous mutation on APC gene c.5034G>A has been reported,while the other three mutations have not been reported in the Chinese Han population.Individuals with c.5465T>A(p.Vall822ASP)missense mutation eventually suffer from colon cancer and have poor prognosis.We found no mutation in patients with simple intestinal polyp and in normal individuals.In addition,there were homozygous and heterozygous mutations in different patients from the same family.Conclusion:Three new mutations of APC gene were firstly reported in Han population.The missense mutation of c.5465T>A(p.Vall 822Asp)may be the cause of carcinogenesis in this FAP pedigree with poor prognosis.

高分子囊泡领域面临的挑战和未来研究方向

作为细胞中的主要运输系统,天然囊泡在物质的定点输运过程中具有至关重要的作用.高分子囊泡是与之结构相似的一种人工囊泡,具有优异的膜稳定性和胶体稳定性、高药物负载率、低膜穿透性、优异的可修饰性和长循环时间等优势,在生物医用领域具有广泛的应用前景.然而,目前该领域尚面临一系列重要挑战,如合成和制备方法较为复杂、生物相容性较难预测、功能和递送途径有限等,限制了其临床转化之路.本文从囊泡的构建模块合成、自组装技术和潜在的生物医学应用等角度,提出了设计和制备下一代高分子囊泡需要解决的五个关键科学问题,指出了未来面临的重要挑战和发展方向,例如简化设计和合成过程,优化和规范自组装过程,拓展潜在的应用前景.

Polyoxometalates coupled covalent organic frameworks as highly active photothermal nanoreactor for CO_(2)cycloaddition

Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)-based nanoreactors have attracted broad interest in many fields due to their voidconfinement effects.However,the inherent drawback of conventional nanoreactors is the lack of internal active sites,which limits their widespread utilization.Herein,we report the construction of hierarchical COF(EB-TFP)nanoreactor with pre-synthesized polyoxometalates(POM,[PV_(2)W_(10)O_(40)]^(5–)(PV_(2)W_(10)))clusters encapsulated inside of COF(POM@COF).PV_(2)W_(10)@EB-TFP anchors nucleophilic-group(Br–ions)and PV_(2)W_(10)anion cluster within the COF framework via electrostatic interactions,which not only simplifies the reaction system but also enhances catalytic efficiency.The reaction performance of the PV_(2)W_(10)@EB-TFP nanoreactor can be tuned to achieve excellent catalytic activity in CO_(2)cycloaddition reaction(CCR)for~97.63%conversion and~100%selectivity under visible light irradiation.A mechanistic study based on density functional theory(DFT)calculations and insitu characterization was also carried out.In summary,we have reported a method for achieving the uniform dispersion of POM single clusters into COF nanoreactor,demonstrating the potential of POM@COF nanoreactor for synergistic photothermal catalytic CO_(2)cycloaddition.

水中硝酸盐电化学去除技术研究进展

硝酸盐污染已经成为我国乃至全世界重点关注的环境问题,水体环境中硝酸盐的积累会严重危害到人类健康.电化学硝酸盐还原技术由于能够选择性地将硝酸盐转化为N2从而降低水中总氮浓度,具有突出优势和广泛的应用前景.在电化学硝酸盐还原反应过程中,催化剂的催化性能决定反应速率和产物选择性,设计和开发高效的催化剂是硝酸盐还原领域的关键,且发展迅速,但在新型催化剂的设计和合成策略方面仍然缺乏综述报道.本文结合最新的研究实例,总结了电催化硝酸盐还原催化剂和高性能反应系统的最新研究进展,论述了电催化硝酸盐还原机理、高效电催化剂的合成策略和电催化脱氮系统的设计,并从工程实践的角度讨论了电化学技术去除水体中硝酸盐的未来方向和研究重点.

Ag-single atoms modified S_(1.66)-N_(1.91)/TiO_(2-x)for photocatalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate for bisphenol A degradation

In this study,Ag_(0.23)/(S_(1.66)-N_(1.91)/TiO_(2-x))single-atom photocatalyst was synthesized by in-situ photoreducing of silver on S,N-TiO_(2-x) nanocomposite and used to degrade bisphenol A(BPA)through heterogeneous activation of potassium peroxymonosulfate(PMS)under visible-light illumination.The structure,physicochemical property,morphology,and electronic property were evalutated by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectrum,X-ray photoelectron spectra(XPS),high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HR-TEM),UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra(UV-vis DRS),electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)spectrum.Ag_(0.23)/(S_(1.66)-N_(1.91)/TiO_(2-x))single-atom photocatalyst exhibited 2.4 times higher activity for the synergetic degradation of BPA than that of its counterpart,and 48.73%mineralization rate of BPA also achieved.It was ascribed to the uniformly-dispersed metallic Ag atoms as the active site for accelerating the migration rate of photo-generated carrier for generation of high reactive radicals.The EPR experiments indicated that SO_(4)^(-) and ^(·)OH was jointly involved in BPA degradation.