A 28/56 Gb/s NRZ/PAM-4 dual-mode transceiver with 1/4 rate reconfigurable 4-tap FFE and half-rate slicer in a 28-nm CMOS

A 28/56 Gb/s NRZ/PAM-4 dual-mode transceiver(TRx)designed in a 28-nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconduc-tor(CMOS)process is presented in this article.A voltage-mode(VM)driver featuring a 4-tap reconfigurable feed-forward equal-izer(FFE)is employed in the quarter-rate transmitter(TX).The half-rate receiver(RX)incorporates a continuous-time linear equal-izer(CTLE),a 3-stage high-speed slicer with multi-clock-phase sampling,and a clock and data recovery(CDR).The experimen-tal results show that the TRx operates at a maximum speed of 56 Gb/s with chip-on board(COB)assembly.The 28 Gb/s NRZ eye diagram shows a far-end vertical eye opening of 210 mV with an output amplitude of 351 mV single-ended and the 56 Gb/s PAM-4 eye diagram exhibits far-end eye opening of 33 mV(upper-eye),31 mV(mid-eye),and 28 mV(lower-eye)with an output amplitude of 353 mV single-ended.The recovered 14 GHz clock from the RX exhibits random jitter(RJ)of 469 fs and deterministic jitter(DJ)of 8.76 ps.The 875 Mb/s de-multiplexed data features 593 ps horizontal eye opening with 32.02 ps RJ,at bit-error rate(BER)of 10-5(0.53 UI).The power dissipation of TX and RX are 125 and 181.4 mW,respectively,from a 0.9-V sup-ply.

Supramolecular phenolic network-engineered C-CeO_(2) nanofibers for simultaneous determination of isoniazid and hydrazine in biological fluids

Electrochemical sensing provides a powerful technological means for the therapeutic drug monitoring of drug-resistant tuberculosis but requires a functionalized electrode to capture the analytes and catalyze their redox reactions.Herein,we construct a nickel-tannic acid supramolecular network(Ni-TA)on the surface of electrospun-derived C-CeO_(2) nanofiber for the sensitive and simultaneous detection of isoniazid(INZ)and hydrazine(HYD).Mechanistic investigations demonstrate that Ni-TA is electronegative and hydrophilic,thus facilitating an efficient mass and electron transfer.Ni-TA/C-CeO_(2) has higher adsorption rate constants(0.091 g mg^(-1)h^(-1)for INZ,and 0.062 g mg^(-1)h^(-1)for HYD)than native C-CeO_(2)(0.075 g mg^(-1)h^(-1)for INZ,and 0.047 g mg^(-1)h^(-1)for HYD).Moreover,Ni-TA/C-CeO_(2)(56Ω)has lower charge transfer resistances than C-CeO_(2)(417Ω).Ni-TA/C-CeO_(2) performs low detection limits and wide linearity ranges for INZ(0.012μmol/L and 0.1-400μmol/L,respectively)and HYD(0.008μmol/L and 0.015-1420μmol/L,respectively),coupled with high selectivity,cycle stability and reproducibility.This research demonstrated the promising applications of Ni-TA/C-CeO_(2) by analyzing human-collected plasma and urine samples.

Zinc finger-inspired peptide-metal-phenolic nanointerface enhances bone-implant integration under bacterial infection microenvironment through immune modulation and osteogenesis promotion

Orthopedic and dental implantations under bacterial infection microenvironment face significant challenges in achieving high-quality bone-implant integration. Designing implant coatings that incorporate both immune defense and anti-inflammation is difficult in conventional single-functional coatings. We introduce a multifunctional nanointerface using a zinc finger-inspired peptide-metal-phenolic nanocoating, designed to enhance implant osseointegration under such conditions. Abaloparatide (ABL), a second-generation anabolic drug for treating osteoporosis, can be integrated into the design of a zinc-phenolic network constructed on the implant surface (ABL@ZnTA). Importantly, the phenolic-coordinated Zn2+ ions in ABL@ZnTA can act as zinc finger motif to co-stabilize the configuration of ABL through multiple molecular interactions, enabling high bioactivity, high loading capacity (1.36 times), and long-term release (>7 days) of ABL. Our results showed that ABL@ZnTA can modulate macrophage polarization from the pro-inflammatory M1 towards the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, promoting immune osteogenesis with increased OCN, ALP, and SOD 1 expression. Furthermore, the ABL@ZnTA significantly reduces inflammatory fibrous tissue encapsulation and enhances the long-term stability of the implants, indicated by enhanced binding strength (6 times) and functional connectivity (1.5−3 times) in the rat bone defect model infected by S. aureus. Overall, our research offers a nano-enabled synergistic strategy that balances infection defense and osteogenesis promotion in orthopedic and dental implantations.

A biologically stable, self-catalytic DNAzyme machine encapsulated by metal-phenolic nanoshells for multiple microRNA imaging

DNAzyme machines play critical roles in the fields of cell imaging, disease diagnosis, and cancer therapy. However, the applications of DNAzyme machines are limited by the nucleases-induced degradation,non-specific binding of proteins, and insufficient provision of cofactors. Herein, protected DNAzyme machines with different cofactor designs(referred to as Pro Ds) were nanoengineered by the construction of multifunctional metal-phenolic nanoshells to deactivate the interferential proteins, including nucleases and non-specific binding proteins. Moreover, the nanoshells not only facilitate the cellular internalization of Pro Ds but provide specific metal ions acting as cofactors of the designed DNAzymes. Cellular imaging results demonstrated that Pro Ds could effectively and simultaneously monitor multiple tumor-related micro RNAs in living cells. This facile and rapid strategy that encapsulates DNAzyme machines into the protective metal-phenolic nanoshells is anticipated to extend to a wide range of functional nucleic acidsbased biomedical applications.

Near infrared light-induced dynamic modulation of enzymatic activity through polyphenol-functionalized liquid metal nanodroplets

Dynamic manipulation of enzymatic activity is a challenging task for applications in chemical and pharmaceutical industries due to the difficult modification and variable conformation of various enzymes.Here, we report a new strategy for reversible dynamic modulation of enzymatic activity by near-infrared light-induced photothermal conversion based on polyphenol-functionalized liquid metal nanodroplets(LM). The metal-phenolic nanocoating not only provides colloidal stability of LM nanodroplets but also generates nanointerfaces for the assembly of various enzymes on the LM nanodroplets. Upon near infrared(NIR) irradiation, the localized microenvironmental heating through photothermal effect of the LM nanodroplets allows tailoring the enzymatic activity without affecting the bulk temperature. A library of functional enzymes, including proteinase K, glucoamylase, glucose oxidase, and Bst DNA polymerase, is integrated to perform a reversible control and enhanced activities even after five times of cycles, demonstrating great potential in bacterial fermentation, bacteriostasis, and target gene amplification.

植物多酚高值转化与应用研究进展

植物多酚,又称单宁,是自然界中广泛存在且仅次于纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的第四大植物生物质资源.数百年来,其一直作为鞣剂应用于制革工业中,尚缺乏高端及精细化工领域的研究.植物多酚特有的邻苯二酚/连苯三酚结构能与不同基底材料形成多重相互作用力,因此利用植物多酚与金属离子配位构建的金属多酚网络可作为一种新型表界面功能化手段.本文概括性地介绍了多酚生物质材料的发展,以及本课题组以多酚作为骨架分子构建新型功能材料体系的相关研究工作,聚焦其对微孔传质的强化及非均质生物界面传质过程的调控,重点介绍该类生物质材料在水体贵重金属离子吸附、新型污染物去除、药物递送和细胞治疗领域的应用.

Advancing collagen-based biomaterials for oral and craniofacial tissue regeneration

The oral and craniofacial region consists of various types of hard and soft tissues with the intricate organization.With the high prevalence of tissue defects in this specific region,it is highly desirable to enhance tissue regeneration through the development and use of engineered biomaterials.Collagen,the major component of tissue extracellular matrix,has come into the limelight in regenerative medicine.Although collagen has been widely used as an essential component in biomaterial engineering owing to its low immunogenicity,high biocompatibility,and convenient extraction procedures,there is a limited number of reviews on this specific clinic sector.The need for mechanical enhancement and functional engineering drives intensive efforts in collagen-based biomaterials concentrating on therapeutical outcomes and clinical translation in oral and craniofacial tissue regeneration.Herein,we highlighted the status quo of the design and applications of collagen-based biomaterials in oral and craniofacial tissue reconstruction.The discussion expanded on the inspiration from the leather tanning process on modifications of collagen-based biomaterials and the prospects of multi-tissue reconstruction in this particular dynamic microenvironment.The existing findings will lay a new foundation for the optimization of current collagen-based biomaterials for rebuilding oral and craniofacial tissues in the future.