Interface engineering strategy via electron-defect trimethyl borate additive toward 4.7 V ultrahigh-nickel LiNi_(0.9)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.05)O_(2)battery

The Li metal battery with ultrahigh-nickel cathode(LiNi_(x)M_(1-x)O_(2),M=Mn,Co,and x≥0.9)under high-voltage is regarded as one of the most promising approaches to fulfill the ambitious target of 400 Wh/kg.However,the practical application is impeded by the instability of electrode/electrolyte interface and Ni-rich cathode itself.Herein we proposed an electron-defect electrolyte additive trimethyl borate(TMB)which is paired with the commercial carbonate electrolyte to construct highly conductive fluorine-and boron-rich cathode electrolyte interface(CEI)on LiNi_(0.9)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.05)O_(2)(NCM90)surface and solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)on lithium metal surface.The modified CEI effectively mitigates the structural transformation from layered to disordered rock-salt phase,and consequently alleviate the dissolution of transition metal ions(TMs)and its“cross-talk”effect,while the enhanced SEI enables stable lithium plating/striping and thus demonstrated good compatibility between electrolyte and lithium metal anode.As a result,the common electrolyte with 1 wt%TMB enables 4.7 V NCM90/Li cell cycle stably over 100 cycles with 70%capacity retention.This work highlights the significance of the electron-defect boron compounds for designing desirable interfacial chemistries to achieve high performance NCM90/Li battery under high voltage operation.

紫外-可见分光光度计的改造及其在实验教学中的应用

对紫外-可见分光光度计(岛津UV-1750)进行简单的改造,实现了其对样品的在线检测并应用到实验教学中,该改造也适用于岛津UV-1780等。紫外-可见分光光度计的改造拓展了仪器的功能,提高仪器利用率;在实验教学中,改造后的紫外-可见分光光度计可以成为蛋白部分收集系统的一部分(替代传统的蛋白检测仪和记录仪),减少实验室仪器的购置成本。

化学生物学专业实验室线上服务平台建设

化学生物学专业实验室线上服务平台,是借助现代化信息技术,以微信公众平台和微信群为载体而创建的一个以学生为本、以实验教学为中心的多元化创新服务平台。平台包括“警钟长鸣”“实验教学”和“平台管理”三大模块,集安全教育、辅助教学和助力实验室高质量管理等多重功能。平台的建设顺应了实验室信息化建设的潮流,也契合了教育教学改革的发展需要,对实验教学的开展具有重要意义。

构建智能化实验开放共享平台的探索

介绍了厦门大学化学国家级实验教学示范中心在构建智能化实验开放共享平台方面的一些探索经验,阐述了智能化实验开放共享平台的构建框架、管理系统、运行过程和运行成效,以期为国内高校实验室开放管理提供可借鉴经验。

A review of lithium-ion battery safety concerns:The issues,strategies,and testing standards

Efficient and reliable energy storage systems are crucial for our modern society.Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)with excellent performance are widely used in portable electronics and electric vehicles(EVs),but frequent fires and explosions limit their further and more widespread applications.This review summarizes aspects of LIB safety and discusses the related issues,strategies,and testing standards.Specifically,it begins with a brief introduction to LIB working principles and cell structures,and then provides an overview of the notorious thermal runaway,with an emphasis on the effects of mechanical,electrical,and thermal abuse.The following sections examine strategies for improving cell safety,including approaches through cell chemistry,cooling,and balancing,afterwards describing current safety standards and corresponding tests.The review concludes with insights into potential future developments and the prospects for safer LIBs.

Trithiocyanuric acid derived g-C3N4 for anchoring the polysulfide in Li-S batteries application

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have great potential as an electrochemical energy storage system because of the high theoretical energy density and acceptable cost of financial and environment.However,the shuttle effect leads to severe capacity fading and low coulombic efficiency.Here,graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4) is designed and prepared via a feasible and simple method from trithiocyanuric acid (TTCA) to anchor the polysulfides and suppress the shuttle effect.The obtained g-C3N4 exhibits strong chemical interaction with polysulfides due to its high N-doping of 56.87 at%,which is beneficial to improve the cycling stability of Li-S batteries.Moreover,the novel porous framework and high specific surface area of g-C3N4 also provide fast ion transport and broad reaction interface of sulfur cathode,facilitating high capacity output and superior rate performance of Li-S batteries.As a result,Li-S batteries assembled with g-C3N4 can achieve high discharge capacity of 1200 mAh/g at 0.2 C and over 800 mAh/g is remained after 100 cycles with a coulombic efficiency more than 99.5%.When the C-rate rises to 5 C,the reversible capacity of Li-S batteries can still maintain at 607mAh/g.

Novel Ag@Nitrogen-doped Porous Carbon Composite with High Electrochemical Performance as Anode Materials for Lithium-ion Batteries

A novel Ag@nitrogen-doped porous carbon(Ag-NPC) composite was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method and applied as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs). Using this method, Ag nanoparticles(Ag NPs) were embedded in NPC through thermal decomposition of Ag NO_3 in the pores of NPC. The reversible capacity of Ag-NPC remained at 852 m Ah g^(-1)after 200 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g^(-1), showing its remarkable cycling stability. The enhancement of the electrochemical properties such as cycling performance,reversible capacity and rate performance of Ag-NPC compared to the NPC contributed to the synergistic effects between Ag NPs and NPC.

Novel Co_3O_4 Nanoparticles/Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Composites with Extraordinary Catalytic Activity for Oxygen Evolution Reaction(OER)

Herein, Co_3O_4 nanoparticles/nitrogen-doped carbon(Co_3O_4/NPC) composites with different structures were prepared via a facile method. Structure control was achieved by the rational morphology design of ZIF-67 precursors, which were then pyrolyzed in air to obtain Co_3O_4/NPC composites. When applied as catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER), the M-Co_3O_4/NPC composites derived from the flower-like ZIF-67 showedsuperior catalytic activities than those derived from the rhombic dodecahedron and hollow spherical ZIF-67. The former M-Co_3O_4/NPC composite displayed a small overpotential of 0.3 V, low onset potential of 1.41 V, small Tafel slope of 83 m V dec^(-1), and a desirable stability.(94.7% OER activity was retained after 10 h.) The excellent performance of the flower-like M-Co_3O_4/NPC composite in the OER was attributed to its favorable structure.

Health benefits of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide on intestinal microbiota in type 2 diabetic mice

Grifola frondosa polysaccharide(GFP)as the natural compounds have been reported to exert diverse bioactivities.The aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory effects of GFP on intestinal microbiota in type 2 diabetic mice.The changes of microbiota in faeces of the diabetic mice upon high fat diet were determined and the V3 region of the 16S rRNA was sequenced by Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform.Eighty operational taxonomic unit were identified to be shared by all samples,and the quality and richness of sequencing were assessed via rarefaction and rank abundance curves.The diversity of gut flora was slightly improved in diabetic mice after GFP treatment.The composition and relative abundance of gut microbiota at phylum and genus levels were altered by GFP.The abundance of Robinsoniella,Flavonifractor,Anaerotruncus,and Desulfvibrio were found to concentrate on diabetic mice through LEfSe analysis.Furthermore,Alloprevotella and Burkholderia had strong relevancy with other gut flora.Based on the findings,GFP might be a desired candidate on ameliorating the intestinal unbalance in diabetes.

Hospital ethical climate associated with the professional quality of life among nurses during the early stage of COVID-19 pandemic inWuhan,China:A cross-sectional study

Objectives:To describe the professional quality of life and explore its associated factors among nurses coming from other areas of China to assist with the anti-epidemic fight inWuhan and especially examine whether the hospital ethical climate was independently associated with nurses’professional quality of life.Methods:A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from March 2020 to April 2020.The nurses working in Wuhan from the other parts of China were the target population.The Professional Quality of Life Scale version 5,the Hospital Ethical Climate Survey,and a basic information sheet were used to collect data.Descriptive statistics,t-test,ANOVA,Pearson correlation,and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data.Results:In total,236 nurses participated in this study,and 219 valid questionnaires were analyzed.The average age of the participants was 31.2±5.0 years.Most nurses were female(176/219;80.4%)and married(145/219;66.2%).In term of professional quality of life,nurses reported moderate(129/219;58.9%)to high(90/219;41.1%)levels of compassion satisfaction,low(119/219;54.3%)to moderate(100/219;45.7%)levels of burnout,and low(67/219;36.0%)to high(10/219;4.6%)levels of secondary traumatic stress.Regarding hospital ethical climate,nurses reported moderately high hospital ethical climates with an average score of 4.46.After controlling for socio-demographic characteristics,the multiple linear regression models showed that the hospital ethical climate subscale of“relationship with physicians”was independently associated with the compassion satisfaction(b=0.533,P<0.01)and burnout(b=0.237,P<0.05);the hospital ethical climate subscale of“relationship with peers”(b=0.191,P<0.01)was independently associated with the secondary traumatic stress.Conclusions:During the early stage of the pandemic,nurses demonstrated moderate to high level of compassion satisfaction,low to moderate level of burnout,and all nurses experienced secondary traumatic stress.Nurses perceived a high level of hospital ethical climate,and the perceived hospital ethical climate played an important role in promoting nurses’professional quality of life during a lifethreatening infectious disease pandemic.

基于比较基因组学的解脂亚罗酵母CA20高产赤藓糖醇机理及进化分析

解脂亚罗酵母(Yarrowia lipolytica)是赤藓糖醇生产中使用的主要菌种,复合诱变是选育优良菌株的常用方法。然而,诱变处理所引起的基因组变化尚待探索。本研究对前期获得的高产菌株CA20和原始菌株WT5进行基因组测序,并与已发布的8株解脂亚罗酵母进行比较基因组分析,旨在探究菌株CA20高产赤藓糖醇的机理以及不同菌株的基因组进化关系。结果显示,菌株CA20基因组大小为20,420,510 bp,GC碱基含量为48.97%,编码6330个CDS和649个ncRNA,菌株CA20和其他8株菌高度同源,平均核苷酸同源性(average nucleotide identity,ANI)>99.50%,其中与菌株IBT 446和H222具有更近的亲缘关系。比较基因组分析显示,CA20和其他8株菌共有5342个核心基因,而CA20特有的65个基因主要参与物质跨膜运输和蛋白质转运过程。CA20基因组中含有166个碳水化合物活性酶(carbohydrate-active enzymes,CAZymes)基因,远多于其他菌株(108~137个),包括特有的4个糖苷水解酶类(glycoside hydrolases,GHs)、2个糖基转移酶类(glycosyltransferases,GTs)和13个碳水化合物酯酶类(carbohydrate esterases,CEs)。除转醛酶TAL1外,赤藓糖醇代谢途径有关酶在不同菌株中高度保守。此外,菌株CA20的赤藓糖醇产量和产率为190.97 g/L和1.33 g/L/h,显著高于WT5的128.61 g/L和0.92 g/L/h(P<0.001)。相比于WT5,CA20中5个基因发生移码变异,15个基因存在非同义突变位点,这些基因主要参与细胞分裂、细胞壁合成、蛋白质合成及稳态维持等过程。以上结果表明,解脂亚罗酵母基因组在进化过程中保守;生存环境不同是导致菌株间基因组差异的重要因素;基因组中CAZymes数量的差异是不同菌株间性能差异的原因之一;菌株CA20高产赤藓糖醇与其细胞结构及内环境稳定性的提升有关。本研究结果为赤藓糖醇高产菌株的定向选育提供基础。

Issues on Standardization of Farmers' Cooperatives in China

In the development of farmers' cooperatives,cooperative norm is a very important issue. It relates to an eternal topic in management: the balance between " fairness" and " efficiency". Because of the heterogeneity of cooperative members,the shortcomings of the distribution system and the balance between fairness and efficiency,China often has the phenomenon of " fake cooperatives". This requires the government,cooperatives and members to work together to regulate the development of cooperatives.

Burden of six major types of digestive system cancers globally and in China

Background:Digestive system cancers constitute a significant number of cancer cases,but their burden is not uniform.As Global Cancer Observatory(GLOBOCAN)2022 has recently updated its estimates of cancer burden,we aimed to investigate the burden of six major digestive system cancers both worldwide and in China,along with geographical and temporal variations in cancer-specific incidence and mortality.Methods:We extracted data on primary cancers of the esophagus,stomach,colorectum,liver,pancreas,and gallbladder from the GLOBOCAN database for 2022.Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated and stratified by sex,country,region,and human development index(HDI).We used the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects(United Nations)to obtain demographic data for various age groups in China from 1988 to 2012 and used the joinpoint model and the average annual percentage change(AAPC)to analyze cancer incidence trends in China.Results:In 2022,the estimated global incidence of digestive system cancers reached 4,905,882,with an estimated 3,324,774 cancer-related deaths.Colorectal cancer was most prevalent in terms of incidence and mortality.There was a significant correlation between the burden of gastrointestinal cancers and country HDI.From 1988 to 2012,the incidence of esophageal,gastric,and liver cancers declined in China,whereas colorectal and pancreatic cancer incidences continued to increase.By 2050,colorectal and liver cancers are projected to remain the leading cancer types in China in terms of incidence and mortality,respectively.Conclusions:Digestive system cancers remain a significant public health challenge globally and in China.Although progress has been made in the prevention and control of some cancers,the burden of digestive system cancers persists.The implementation of tertiary prevention strategies must be intensified to reduce the incidence and mortality of digestive system cancers,mitigating their impact on public health.

Annulation Cascades of Cyclosulfonium Salts and Alkenes towards Sulfur-Containing N-Heterocycles by Visible Light/Copper Catalysis

Although,great achievements have been made in the synthesis of heterocycles using radical addition/cyclization strategy,developing versatile alkyl radical precursors,especially the non-stabilized long chain alkyl radicals for this strategy still remains a huge challenge.Herein,we report an efficient annulation cascade reaction between cyclosulfonium salts and alkenes for the synthesis of sulfur-containing N-heterocycles by visible light/copper catalysis under mild conditions.The C—S bond cleavage/radical cascade reaction delivers a variety of corresponding N-heterocycles containing aryl alkyl thioether motifs with good functional group tolerance.Significantly,the current system could be used for the late-stage functionalization of complex bioactive molecules.

子宫内膜息肉临床诊疗路径

子宫内膜息肉是常见的子宫内膜良性病变之一,可发生于青春期后的任何年龄,患病率随年龄增加而增高,其常见症状为异常子宫出血、不孕,或无明显症状。本临床诊疗路径以循证医学证据为基础,以临床规范诊疗为目的,建立从子宫内膜息肉高危因素的识别、临床诊断、病理分型到治疗再到患者的长期管理、宣教的诊疗流程路径,给予临床医师共识性的指导建议,旨在为广大妇产科医师提供子宫内膜息肉临床诊疗的可行性和规范性流程。

金融衍生品、税收征管强度与企业所得税负担

本文使用A股上市公司2008—2015年的数据,实证分析了金融衍生品对企业所得税负担的影响。研究发现,金融衍生品具备交易结构复杂、参与主体多元化以及不确定性等特征,导致其在投资决策、价值计量、会计确认等环节的交易实质难以理解辨认,因此金融衍生品可以用于降低企业所得税负担。此外,结合我国金融市场的发展背景和现存针对金融衍生品的税制发展情况,本文发现在税法制度发展滞后、法律体系建设不完善、税务机关监管困难的背景下,税收征管未能较好地发挥抑制企业从事税务筹划活动的外部治理作用。

Efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injection replacing epoetin alfa injection for the treatment of renal anemia in Chinese hemodialysis patients:A randomized,open-label,parallel-group,noninferiority phase III trial

Background:This study was to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injection replacing epoetin alfa injection(recombinant human erythropoietin injection,rHuEPO)for the treatment of anemia associated with chronic kidney failure in Chinese patients undergoing hemodialysis.Method:This study was a multicenter,randomized,open-label,intergroup parallel control phase III noninferiority trial from April 19,2013 to September 9,2014 at 25 sites.In this study,the members of the darbepoetin alfa group underwent intravenous administration once per week or once every two weeks.The members of the control drug epoetin alfa group underwent intravenous administration two or three times per week.All subjects underwent epoetin alfa administration during the 8-week baseline period.After that,subjects were randomly assigned to the darbepoetin alfa group or epoetin alfa group.The noninferiority in the changes of the average Hb concentrations from the baseline to the end of the evaluation period(noninferiority threshold:-1.0 g/dl)was tested between the two treatments.The time-dependent hemoglobin(Hb)concentration and the maintenance rate of the target Hb concentration(the proportion of subjects with Hb concentrations between 10.0 and 12.0 g/dl)were also evaluated.Iron metabolism,including changes in the serum iron,total iron-binding capacity,ferritin,transferrin saturation,and comparisons of the dose adjustments between the two groups during the treatment period were analyzed further.Adverse events(AEs)were also observed and compared,and the safety was analyzed between the two treatment groups.The conversion rate switching from epoetin alfa to darbepoetin alfa was also discussed.SAS?software version 9.2 was used to perform all statistical analyses.Descriptive statistics were used for all efficacy,safety,and demographic variable analyses,including for the primary efficacy indicators.Results:Four hundred and sixty-six patients were enrolled in this study,and ultimately 384 cases were analyzed for safety,including 267 cases in the darbepoetin alfa group and 117 cases in the epoetin alfa group.There were 211 cases in the per-protocol set,including 152 cases in the darbepoetin alfa group and 59 cases in the epoetin alfa group.The changes in the average Hb concentrations from the baseline to the end of the evaluation period were-0.07 and-0.15 g/dl in the darbepoetin alfa group and epoetin alfa group respectively.The difference between the two groups was 0.08 g/dl(95%confidence interval[CI]:-0.22 to 0.39),and the lower limit of the 95%CI was-0.22>-1.0 g/dl.The average Hb concentrations of the two groups were 10.88-11.43 g/dl(darbepoetin alfa)and 10.91-11.38 g/dl(epoetin alfa)during the study period of Weeks 0-28,with the maintenance rates of the target Hb concentration ranging within 71%-87%and 78%-95%in the darbepoetin alfa group and epoetin alfa group respectively.During the period of comparison between the two groups,the incidence of AEs in the darbepoetin alfa group was 61.42%,while in the epoetin alfa group it was 56.41%.All of the adverse events and reactions in the study were those commonly associated with hemodialysis.Conclusion:The overall efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa for the treatment of Chinese renal anemia patients undergoing hemodialysis are consistent with those of epoetin alfa.

Darbepoetin alfa injection versus epoetin alfa injection for treating anemia of Chinese hemodialysis patients with chronic kidney failure:A randomized,open-label,parallel-group,non-inferiority Phase III trail

Background:Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein that mainly regulates erythropoiesis.In patients with chronic renal failure with anemia,darbepoetin alfa can stimulate erythropoiesis,correct anemia,and maintain hemoglobin levels.This study was designed to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injections as being not inferior to epoetin alfa injections(Recombinant Human Erythropoietin injection,rHuEPO)when maintaining hemoglobin(Hb)levels within the target range(10.0-12.0 g/dL)for the treatment of renal anemia.Methods:Ninety-five patients were enrolled in this study from April 15,2013 to April 10,2014 at 25 sites.In this study,patients(n=95)aged 18-70 years were randomized into a once per week intravenous darbepoetin alfa group(n=56)and a twice or three times per week intravenous epoetin alfa group(n=39)for 28 weeks,who had anemia with hemoglobin levels between 6 g/dL and 10 g/dL due to chronic kidney disease(CKD)and were undergoing hemodialysis or hemofiltration with ESA-naive(erythropoiesis stimulating agent-naive).The primary efficacy profile was the mean Hb level(the non-inferiority margin was-1.0 g/dL,week 21-28);the secondary efficacy profiles were the Hb increase rate(week 0-4),the target Hb achievement cumulative rate and time,the change trends of the Hb levels,and the target Hb maintenance ratio.Adverse events(AEs)were observed and compared,and the efficacy and safety were analyzed between the two treatment groups.Additionally,the frequencies of dose adjustments between the darbepoetin alfa and epoetin alfa groups were compared during the treatment period.SAS?software version 9.2 was used to perform all statistical analyses.Descriptive statistics were used for all efficacy,safety,and demographic variable analyses,including for the primary efficacy indicators.Results:The mean Hb level was 11.3 g/dL in the darbepoetin alfa group and 10.7 g/dL in the epoetin alfa group,respectively;the difference of the lower limits of the 95%confidence intervals(CI)between the two groups was 0.1 g/dL(>-1.0 g/dL),and non-inferiority was proven;the Hb levels started to increase in the first four weeks at a similar increase rate;no obvious differences were observed between the groups in the target Hb achievement cumulative rates,and the Hb levels as well as the target Hb level maintenance rate changed over time.The incidence of AEs was 62.5%in the darbepoetin alfa group and 76.9%in the epoetin alfa group.All the adverse events observed in the study were those commonly associated with hemodialysis.Conclusion:Darbepoetin alfa intravenously once per week can effectively increase Hb levels and maintain the target Hb levels well,which makes it not inferior to epoetin alfa intravenously twice or three times per week.Darbepoetin alfa shows an efficacy and safety comparable to epoetin alfa for the treatment of renal anemia.

Two Successful Livebirths from Both Hemiuteruses After Laparoscopic Cervical Cerclage in a Uterus Didelphys Patient with Cervical Insufficiency

Uterus didelphys occurs in~0.4%of females and is found in~11%-20%of all uterus defects.It is a risk factor for cervical insufficiency,consequently contributing to late miscarriage or preterm birth.Thus far,only two prior cases of uterus didelphys accompanied by cervical insufficiency treated through laparoscopic cervical cerclage have been reported;however,livebirth only occurred in one hemiuterus.Herein,we report a case of uterus didelphys in a patient diagnosed with cervical insufficiency.Following the placement of a modified laparoscopic cervical cerclage,the patient had two successful livebirths through both hemiuteruses,respectively,with longer gestation age(ie,>36 weeks).The aim of this case report was to provide useful information for clinical practitioners to make better decisions on the management of cervical insufficiency in patients with uterus didelphys,and identify obstetric complications that clinicians should pay attention to during pregnancy.

Molecular guidance cues in the development of visual pathway

70%-80% of our sensory input comes from vision. Light hit the retina at the back of our eyes and the visual information is relayed into the dorsal lateral geniculate nuclei （dLGN） and primary visual cortex （V1） thereafter, constituting the image-forming visual circuit. Molecular cues are one of the key factors to guide the wiring and refinement of the image-forming visual circuit during pre- and post-embryonic stages. Distinct molecular cues are involved in different developmental stages and nucleus, suggesting diverse guidance mechanisms. In this review, we summarize molecular guidance cues throughout the image-forming visual circuit, including chiasm determination, eye-specific segregation and refinement in the dLGN, and at last the reciprocal con- nections between the dLGN and VI.