内外双“管”下ESG表现对企业融资成本的影响研究

本文基于沪深A股上市工业企业2015-2020年面板数据,实证检验了ESG表现对企业融资成本的影响,以及内部控制和媒体关注在二者关系中的重要补充机制。研究结果显示,企业ESG表现及其三个维度对企业融资成本具有差异化负向效应,良好的环境责任和公司治理表现更能显著降低企业融资成本;内部控制和媒体关注度会放大ESG表现对企业融资成本的抑制作用,即随着内控水平和媒体关注度的提高,企业ESG表现及其三个维度对融资成本的抑制效果逐渐得到强化。其中,内部控制的强化效果在公司治理方面体现更为明显,媒体关注的强化效果则在环境责任方面更为突出。

应用于全固态电池的复合固态电解质的制备实验设计——综合化学实验教学探究

介绍了一种有机-无机复合型固态电解质(SPE)的综合化学实验,使学生了解聚环氧乙烷(PEO)的改性策略及SPE在全固态电池中的应用。通过X射线衍射(XRD)表征晶体结构,采用交流阻抗、线性扫描伏安法、恒流充放电等测试增强学生对极化和离子迁移数等概念的理解。该实验有助于学生将化学中的理论知识延伸至实际运用,提高理论水平,锻炼实践能力。

腾格里沙漠流动沙丘上土壤水分与地形-植被因子的关系研究

土壤水分是沙漠植被的主要驱动因子,其分布受到地形、植被和气候之间相互作用的影响。以腾格里沙漠东南缘沙坡头地区流动沙丘上不同深度不同微地貌上的土壤水分作为研究对象,研究了土壤水分和地形-植被因子的分布特征。利用广义线性、广义加性和随机森林模型在小尺度上对因子关系之间进行分析建模。结果表明,(1)不同深度的4种微地貌中土壤水分呈现出丘底和迎风坡上的土壤水分显著高于背风坡,而背风坡又显著高于丘顶。(2)地形因子(主要指坡向)和植被因子对不同深度的土壤水分均具有重要的影响。其中,地形因子对表层和中层土壤水分的影响高于深层土壤水分,植被因子(主要指草本多度和生物量)对中层和深层土壤水分的影响高于地形因子。

Fairy shrimp Branchinella kugenumaensis displays sensitivity to microplastic exposure

The increasing global concern regarding plastic pollution has prompted the research into the consequences of microplastics(MPs)on aquatic ecosystems.Fairy shrimp Branchinella kugenumaensis are freshwater planktonic organisms that have existed for 250 million years.This study aimed to uncover the harmful effects of MPs,with a particular focus on their size variations(0.1,1,and 5μm),on the fairy shrimp.We focused on how MPs could significantly affect the survival and growth of fairy shrimp.Notably,larger MPs,especially those measuring 5μm,caused higher mortality rates and hindered the growth compared to smaller ones.The impact of MPs continued even subsequent to depuration in clean water.The accumulation of MPs within the intestines of fairy shrimp resulted in intestinal blockages,disrupted excretory functions,and harmed intestinal epithelial cells.Examinations at the histological,cellular,and molecular levels showed that exposure to MPs triggered necroptosis in intestinal cells,accompanied by alterations in pathways related to transcription,translation,digestion,energy metabolism,and neurological functions.Furthermore,the effects of MPs on gene expression and pathways varied based on particle size,with larger MPs having a more significant effect and causing a strong response in xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism pathways.We suggest that the increasing severity of MPs pollution could pose a significant threat to the survival of fairy shrimp.This study provided vital insights into the complex relationship between microplastics and aquatic organisms,and highlighted the urgent need to address the potential devastating impact of plastic pollution on freshwater ecosystems.Additionally,due to their rapid growth,strong reproductive capacity,sensitivity,and ease of cultivation,fairy shrimp hold the potential candidate to serve as a model organism for studying the effects of MPs and other pollutants on freshwater ecosystems.

Multi-layer phenomena in petawatt laser-driven acceleration of heavy ions

Laser-accelerated high-flux-intensity heavy-ion beams are important for new types of accelerators.A particle-in-cell program(Smilei) is employed to simulate the entire process of Station of Extreme Light(SEL) 100 PW laser-accelerated heavy particles using different nanoscale short targets with a thickness of 100 nm Cr, Fe, Ag, Ta, Au, Pb, Th and U, as well as 200 nm thick Al and Ca. An obvious stratification is observed in the simulation. The layering phenomenon is a hybrid acceleration mechanism reflecting target normal sheath acceleration and radiation pressure acceleration, and this phenomenon is understood from the simulated energy spectrum,ionization and spatial electric field distribution. According to the stratification, it is suggested that high-quality heavy-ion beams could be expected for fusion reactions to synthesize superheavy nuclei. Two plasma clusters in the stratification are observed simultaneously, which suggest new techniques for plasma experiments as well as thinner metal targets in the precision machining process.

The influence of different types of satisfaction on loyalty on C2C online shopping platform:From the perspective of sellers and the platform

With the rise and development of major types of platforms,the competition for resources has become extremely fierce,and the market share of C2C platforms has been seriously threatened by the loss of resources.Therefore,building and maintaining buyers’satisfaction and loyalty to C2C platforms is critical to the survival and sustainability of C2C platforms in China.However,the current knowledge on how platform satisfaction and loyalty are constructed in the C2C e-commerce environment is incomplete.In this study,seller-based satisfaction and platform-based satisfaction are constructed separately.We further distinguish seller-based transaction satisfaction into economic and social satisfaction and explore their antecedents and consequences.To test our research hypotheses,we conduct a survey and collect data from a real online market(Taobao website).The results show that seller-based transaction satisfaction positively affects platform-based overall satisfaction and loyalty,and that perceived product quality,perceived assurance,and perceived price fairness all have a significant effect on economic satisfaction,whereas perceived relationship quality and perceived empathy significantly influence social satisfaction.These findings help us understand the literature related to customer satisfaction in the context of C2C in China and provide inspiration for online sellers and platforms.

Spin wave resonance frequency in bilayer ferromagnetic films with the biquadratic exchange interaction

The dependences of spin wave resonance(SWR)frequency on the surface anisotropy field,interface exchange coupling,symmetry,biquadratic exchange(BQE)interaction,film thickness,and the external magnetic field in bilayer ferromagnetic films are theoretically analyzed by employing the linear spin wave approximation and Green’s function method.A remarkable increase of SWR frequency,except for energetically lower two modes,can be obtained in our model that takes the BQE interaction into account.Again,the effect of the external magnetic field on SWR frequency can be increased by increasing the biquadratic to interlayer exchange ratio.It has been identified that the BQE interaction is of utmost importance in improving the SWR frequency of the bilayer ferromagnetic films.In addition,for bilayer ferromagnetic films,the frequency gap between the energetically highest mode and lowest mode is found to increase by increasing the biquadratic to interlayer exchange ratio and film thickness and destroying the symmetry of the system.These results can be used to improve the understanding of magnetic properties in bilayer ferromagnetic films and thus may have prominent implications for future magnetic devices.

Effects of Dietary Changes on the Gut Microbiota of Cynops orientalis

The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of health for amphibians,and it has been fully recognized,but the effectiveness of various influencing factors has not yet been fully clarified.Although this association should be considered while the amphibian order Caudata is facing a severe situation of population decline and extinction,there is little understanding of the association between diets and the diversity of gut microbiota in the amphibian order Caudata.Here,we conducted an extensive analysis of the gut microbiota of Cynops orientalis fed different diets using functional prediction and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing techniques.First,we found that wild individuals had greater gut microbial diversity and richness in comparison to captive individuals.Second,we identified the bacterial taxa associated with diets and observed differences in the relative abundance of gut microbiota among people on various diets.Finally,we have a predictive comprehension of the selection and adaptative significance of shared core ASVs in the gut microbiota in maintaining the healthy survival of C.orientalis in a large-scale spatiotemporal map.Our study emphasizes how diets alter the gut microbiota of Caudata and offers fresh perspectives on the conservation and captive management of species in Caudata.

Functionalized lignin nanoparticles prepared by high shear homogenization for all green and barrier-enhanced paper packaging

Paper-based materials made from cellulose have been sought after as a sustainable and inexpensive packaging option.However,the porous structure and high hydrophilicity of paper-based materials result in inadequate water and oil repellency,as well as a limited water vapor barrier.In this work,lignin nanoparticles(LNPs)were prepared using a high-speed homogenizer,and subsequently coated on base paper along with cationic starch to enhance its multi-barrier performance to facilitate the packaging application.The LNPs obtained through such a facile process formed stable colloidal dispersion in water,which exhibited excellent interfacial compatibility with cationic starch.During the coating process,a highly adhesive emulsion consisting of cationic starch and LNPs were coated on the surface of base paper,imparting good hydrophobic properties to the paper.The resulting paper material exhibited good water resistance(Cobb value of 37.5 g m^(-2)),high oil resistance(Kit rating 9)and tensile strength(48.93 MPa).The reduction in water vapor transmission rate(WVTR)exceeds sixfold.This study provides a new avenue for the application of lignin in high-barrier,fluorine-free,water-and oil-resistant packaging materials.

微单倍型遗传标记的法医基因组学研究

微单倍型(microhaplotype,MH)是在一定DNA片段范围之内,由至少两个单核苷酸多态性位点组成的遗传标记。MH兼具无stutter伪峰、多态性丰富以及扩增子较小等特点,有望成为法医学上的一种新型遗传标记。为了从全基因组维度上分析MH的特征,进一步发掘其应用潜能,本研究基于千人基因组计划中105个中国南方汉族个体的全基因组测序数据,构建了迄今为止最全面的MH数据集。结果表明,人类基因组中350 bp范围之内的MH位点数量共计9,490,075个,且微单倍型分布密度对染色体变异水平具有提示作用。从多种碱基跨度范围对MH的多态性分析表明,其多态性潜能可达到或者超过常用短串联重复序列位点的水平。此外,本文归纳总结了MH组装灵活等特点,并提出了构建微单倍型数据库的方案。

腋窝淋巴结阳性乳腺癌新辅助化疗后腋窝治疗选择的研究

目的:分析腋窝淋巴结(axillary lymph node,ALN)阳性乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗(neoadjuvant chemotherapy,NAC)后经前哨淋巴结活检术(sentinel lymph node biopsy,SLNB)评估ALN状态的可行性,并探讨腋窝的后续治疗选择。方法:回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年1月天津医科大学肿瘤医院收治的82例ALN阳性乳腺癌患者的临床资料,均NAC后行SLNB,评估其检出率、准确率、假阴性率(false negative rate,FNR)并对可能影响因素进行分层分析。结果:82例患者腋窝病理完全缓解(pathological com-plete response,pCR)43例、占52.4%,SLNB检出率为97.56%(80/82),准确率为88.75%(71/80),FNR为23.08%(9/39)。前哨淋巴结(sentinel lymph node,SLN)检出数目为1、2枚和数目≥3枚时,FNR分别为20.0%(2/10)、71.4%(5/7)和9.1%(2/22),准确率分别为90.9%(20/22)、66.7%(10/15)和95.3%(41/43),差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:ALN阳性乳腺癌患者NAC后行SLNB总体FNR较高,尚未达到临床可接受范围,不能完全取代腋窝淋巴结清扫(axillary lymph node dissection,ALND),SLN检出数目≥3枚时SLNB可准确评估ALN状态。

No expenditure difference among patients with liver cancer at stageⅠ-ⅣV:Findings from a multicenter cross-sectional study in China

Objective:The number of liver cancer patients in China accounts for more than half of the world.However,China currently lacks national,multicenter economic burden data,and meanwhile,measuring the differences among different subgroups will be informative to formulate corresponding policies in liver cancer control.Thus,the aim of the study was to measure the economic burden of liver cancer by various subgroups.Methods:A hospital-based,multicenter and cross-sectional survey was conducted during 2012・2014,covering 39 hospitals and 21 project sites in 13 provinces across China.The questionnaire covers clinical information,sociology,expenditure,and related variables.All expenditure data were reported in Chinese Yuan(CNY)using 2014 values.Results:A total of 2,223 liver cancer patients were enrolled,of whom 59.61%were late-stage cases(III-IV),and 53.8%were hepatocellular carcinoma.The average total expenditure per liver cancer patient was estimated as 53,220 CNY,including 48,612 CNY of medical expenditures(91.3%)and 4,608 CNY of non-medical expenditures(8.7%).The average total expenditures in stage I,H,m and stage IV were 52,817 CNY,50,877 CNY,50,678 CNY and 54,089 CNY(P>0.05),respectively.Non-medical expenditures including additional meals,additional nutrition care,transportation,accommodation and hired informal nursing were 1,453 CNY,839 CNY,946 CNY,679 CNY and 200 CNY,respectively.The one-year out-of-pocket expenditure of a newly diagnosed patient was 24,953 CNY,and 77.2%of the patients suffered an unmanageable financial burden.Multivariate analysis showed that overall expenditure differed in almost all subgroups(P<0.05),except for sex,clinical stage,and pathologic type.Conclusions:There was no difference in treatment expenditure for liver cancer patients at different clinical stages,which suggests that maintaining efforts on treatment efficacy improvement is important but not enough.To fiirtherly reduce the overall economic burden from liver cancer,more effort should be given to primary and secondary prevention strategies.

A male-ABCD algorithm for hepatocellular carcinoma risk prediction in HBs Ag carriers

Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) development among hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag) carriers shows gender disparity, influenced by underlying liver diseases that display variations in laboratory tests. We aimed to construct a risk-stratified HCC prediction model for HBs Ag-positive male adults.Methods: HBs Ag-positive males of 35-69 years old(N=6,153) were included from a multi-center populationbased liver cancer screening study. Randomly, three centers were set as training, the other three centers as validation. Within 2 years since initiation, we administrated at least two rounds of HCC screening using Bultrasonography and α-fetoprotein(AFP). We used logistic regression models to determine potential risk factors,built and examined the operating characteristics of a point-based algorithm for HCC risk prediction.Results: With 2 years of follow-up, 302 HCC cases were diagnosed. A male-ABCD algorithm was constructed including participant's age, blood levels of GGT(γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase), counts of platelets, white cells,concentration of DCP(des-γ-carboxy-prothrombin) and AFP, with scores ranging from 0 to 18.3. The area under receiver operating characteristic was 0.91(0.90-0.93), larger than existing models. At 1.5 points of risk score,26.10% of the participants in training cohort and 14.94% in validation cohort were recognized at low risk, with sensitivity of identifying HCC remained 100%. At 2.5 points, 46.51% of the participants in training cohort and 33.68% in validation cohort were recognized at low risk with 99.06% and 97.78% of sensitivity, respectively. At 4.5 points, only 20.86% of participants in training cohort and 23.73% in validation cohort were recognized at high risk,with positive prediction value of 22.85% and 12.35%, respectively.Conclusions: Male-ABCD algorithm identified individual's risk for HCC occurrence within short term for their HCC precision surveillance.

Controllable NO Release for Catheter Antibacteria from Nitrite Electroreduction over the Cu-MOF

Implant-associated infections caused by biomedical catheters severely threaten patients'health.The use of electrochemical control on NO release from benign nitrite equipped in the catheter can potentially resolve this issue with excellent biocompatibility.Inspired by nitrite reductase,a Cu-BDC(BDC:benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid)catalyst with coordinated Cu(Ⅱ)sites was constructed as a heterogeneous electrocatalyst to control nitrite reduction to nitric oxide for catheter antibacteria.The combined results of in situ and ex situ tests unveil the key function of interconversion between Cu(Ⅱ)and Cu(Ⅰ)species in NO_(2)^(-)reduction to NO.After being incorporated into the actual catheter,the Cu-BDC catalyst exhibits high electrocatalytic activity toward NO_(2)^(-)reduction to NO and excellent antibacteria efficacy with a sterilizing rate of 99.9%,paving the way for the development of advanced metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)electrocatalysts for catheter antibacteria.

新冠肺炎遗传易感基因的研究进展

新型冠状病毒(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)感染人体后,个体间存在显著不同的新冠肺炎(corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19)临床症状。机体遗传因素在新冠病毒感染后的临床转归过程中发挥重要的作用。以全基因组关联研究(genome-wide association studies,GWAS)为代表的遗传关联研究方法,已成功鉴定了多个与新冠肺炎相关的易感基因,为新冠肺炎防诊治措施的研发提供了理论基础。本文综述了新冠肺炎遗传易感基因的研究进展,包括多种表型、多个人群、多种遗传变异类型的新冠肺炎全基因组关联研究以及易感基因区域的精细定位研究等,旨在为新冠肺炎遗传易感基因的后续研究提供参考。

Clinical implication of naive and memory T cells in locally advanced cervical cancer:A proxy for tumor biology and short-term response prediction

Background:This study was designed to investigate the feasibility of tumor-infiltrating immune cells with different phenotypic characteristics for predicting short-term clinical responses in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer(LACC).Methods:Thirty-four patients who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy and twenty-one patients who merely underwent radiotherapy were enrolled in this study.We retrospectively analyzed the T cell markers(i.e.,CD3,CD4,CD8),memory markers(i.e.,CD45,CCR7),and differentiation markers(i.e.,CD27)in the peripheral blood and tumor tissues of patients with LACC before treatment based on flow cytometry.We also analyzed the relationship of T cell subsets between peripheral blood and tumor tissues,and their correlation with complete response or partial response.Results:The percentage of central memory CD8^(+)TCM(CD8^(+)CD45RA^(−)CD27^(+)CCR7^(+))cells in LACC patients was significantly lower than that of the control group.The percentage of CD8^(+)TN in the peripheral blood of LACC patients was significantly higher than that of tumor tissues.CD8^(+)TEM in the peripheral blood was significantly lower than that of tumor tissues.The percentage of CD8^(+)TN and CD8^(+)TCM in human papillomavirus(HPV)positive samples was significantly higher than that of HPV-negative samples.Similarly,the percentage of CD8^(+)TCM in tumor tissues was significantly higher in cancer tissue samples with lymph nodes compared with those without.Conclusion:A higher proportion of CD4^(+)TCM and a lower proportion of CD8^(+)TN in the tumor microenvironment of LACC may contribute to the therapy response prediction.

Preparation and Properties of Guiqi Polysaccharides/Chitosan/Alginate Composite Hydrogel Microspheres

A series of the Guiqi polysaccharides/chitosan/alginate composite hydrogel microspheres(GPcM)with different particle sizes were prepared with Guiqi polysaccharides(GP),chitosan(CS)and sodium alginate(Alg).The optimum preparation process was also determined by single factor and orthogonal experiment analysis.The GPcM were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM),drug loading efficiency test(LE),encapsulation efficiency test(EE)and in vitro release study.The results showed that the Guiqi polysaccharides chitosan hydrogel(GPCH)and sodium alginate hydrogel(SAH)formed a crossover system in GPcM.The GPcM have a uniform particle size ranging from 395.1μm to 841.5μm.The drug loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency of the GPcM were 56.3%and 72.6%,respectively.The bovine serum albumin(BSA)loaded in the GPcM released slowly within 180 h.The results suggested that the GPcM may have potential application value in drug sustained and controlled release system.

Advances in Researches on Genetic Diversity of Lepidoptera Insects

This paper reviewed advances in researches on genetic diversity of Lepidoptera insects from chromosome polymorphism,protein polymorphism,and DNA polymorphism,and stated that DNA sequence variation will become main points of researches about genetic diversity.

Improving tree health assessment accuracy at low temperatures:considering the effect of trunk ice content on electrical resistance and stress wave tomography

Accurate decay detection and health assessment of trees at low temperatures is an important issue for forest management and ecology in cold areas.Low temperature ice formation on tree health assessment is unknown.Because electric resistance tomography and stress wave tomography are two widely used methods for the detection of tree decay,this study investigated the effect of ice content on trunk electrical resistance and stress wave velocity to improve tree health assessment accuracy.Moisture content,trunk electrical resistance and stress wave velocity using time domain reflectometry were carried out on Larix gmelinii and Populus simonii.Ice content is based on moisture content data.The ice content of both species showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing.This was opposite with ambient temperatures.With the decrease of temperatures,daily average ice content increased,but the range narrowed gradually and both electrical resistance and stress wave velocity increased.Both increased rapidly near 0℃,mainly caused by ice formation(phase change and freezing of free water)in live trees.In addition,both are positively correlated with ice content.The results suggest that ice content should be considered for improving the accuracy of tree decay detection and health evaluation using electric resistance tomography and stress wave velocity methods under low temperatures.

Activation of p38/HSP27 pathway counters melatonin-induced inhibitory effect on proliferation of human gastric cancer cells

Overexpression of heat shock protein 27(HSP27)in gastric cancer is correlated with poor clinical prognosis.Melatonin,an endogenous hormone,shows promise in gastric cancer therapy.However,there is limited study on the biological activity of HSP27 in response to melatonin treatment.In this study,we show an anti-proliferative action of melatonin on human gastric cancer cell lines BGC-823 and MGC-803.Biochemically,the inhibitory effect of melatonin is accompanied by the upregulation of HSP27 phosphorylation level.Transfection of gastric cancer cells with HSP27-specific siRNA effectively reduces HSP27 phosphorylation and potentiated melatonininduced inhibitory effect on cell proliferation.The reduction of cyclin D1 in melatonin-treated cells is also aggravated by HSP27 depletion.Moreover,melatonin stimulation increases p38 phosphorylation.Pretreatment with p38 inhibitor SB203580 not only remarkably suppresses melatonin-induced HSP27 phosphorylation,but also augment the inhibitory effect of melatonin on cyclin D1 expression as well as cell proliferation.Taken together,our study indicates the protective pathway of p38/HSP27 against melatonin-induced inhibitory effect on gastric cancer cell proliferation,suggesting that combined with p38/HSP27 pathway inhibitor,the therapeutic efficacy of melatonin on gastric cancer may be improved.