Moisture‑Electric–Moisture‑Sensitive Heterostructure Triggered Proton Hopping for Quality‑Enhancing Moist‑Electric Generator

Moisture-enabled electricity(ME)is a method of converting the potential energy of water in the external environment into electrical energy through the interaction of functional materials with water molecules and can be directly applied to energy harvesting and signal expression.However,ME can be unreliable in numerous applications due to its sluggish response to moisture,thus sacrificing the value of fast energy harvesting and highly accurate information representation.Here,by constructing a moisture-electric-moisture-sensitive(ME-MS)heterostructure,we develop an efficient ME generator with ultra-fast electric response to moisture achieved by triggering Grotthuss protons hopping in the sensitized ZnO,which modulates the heterostructure built-in interfacial potential,enables quick response(0.435 s),an unprecedented ultra-fast response rate of 972.4 mV s^(−1),and a durable electrical signal output for 8 h without any attenuation.Our research provides an efficient way to generate electricity and important insight for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of moisture-generated carrier migration in ME generator,which has a more comprehensive working scene and can serve as a typical model for human health monitoring and smart medical electronics design.

Recent progress and challenges in interdigital microbatteries:Fabrication, functionalization and integration

Currently,the increasing demands for portable,implantable,and wearable electronics have triggered the interest in miniaturized energy storage devices.Different from conventional energy storage devices,interdigital microbatteries(IMBs) are free of separators and prepared on a single substrate,potentially achieving a short ionic diffusion path and better performance.Meanwhile,they can be easily fabricated and integrated into on-chip miniaturized electronics,holding the promise to provide long-lasting power for advanced microelectronic devices.To date,while many seminal works have been reviewed the topic of microbatteries,there is no work that systematically summarizes the development of IMBs of high energy density and stable voltage platforms from fabrication,functionalization to integration.The current review focuses on the most recent progress in IMBs,discussing advanced micromachining techniques with compatible features to construct high-performance IMBs with smart functions and intelligent integrated systems.The future opportunities and challenges of IMBs are also highlighted,calling for more efforts in this dynamic and fast-growing research field.

Lensless opto-electronic neural network with quantum dot nonlinear activation

With the swift advancement of neural networks and their expanding applications in many fields, optical neural networks have gradually become a feasible alternative to electrical neural networks due to their parallelism, high speed, low latency, and power consumption. Nonetheless, optical nonlinearity is hard to realize in free-space optics, which restricts the potential of the architecture.

激光结构化仿生表面

在优胜劣汰的自然法则下,生物体通过进化实现了对自然环境最大程度的适应性.向自然界生物体学习,研究其表面独特的结构和特异性功能已成为近年来研发新型材料的重要途径之一.其中,结构化仿生表面是复合材料的重要组成部分,已广泛应用于生物工程、航空航天、现代医学、国防、新能源器件及日常生活中.激光法制备结构化仿生表面是以工程仿生学为基础,采用不同激光光源加工样品表面来形成不同表面结构并实现特定性能的技术.本文主要总结了近期国内外激光结构化仿生加工领域的进展,探讨激光加工的结构化仿生表面在减黏降阻及超疏水等方面的应用,并对今后的工作进行展望.

Multifunctional devices based on planar microsupercapacitors:Progress and challenges

With the boom of portable,wearable,and implantable smart electronics in the last decade,the demand for multifunctional microscale electrochemical energy storage devices has increased.Owing to their excellent rate performance,high power density,long cycling lifetime,easy fabrication,and integration,multifunctional planar microsupercapacitors(PMSCs)are deemed as one of the ideal micropower sources for next-generation flexible on-chip electronics.Therefore,we offer a comprehensive overview of the recent progress regarding multifunctional devices based on PMSCs,including stretchable,self-healing,stimulus-responsive,thermosensitive,biodegradable,and temperaturetolerant microdevices.We also emphasize the unique applications of multifunctionally integrated PMSCs in the construction of self-powered and sensor-integrated systems in terms of multifunctional operation modes.Finally,the key challenges and future prospects related to these multifunctional devices are discussed to stimulate further research in this flourishing field.

A bi-component polyoxometalate-derivative cathode material showed impressive electrochemical performance for the aqueous zinc-ion batteries

Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries are recently gaining incremental attention because of low cost and material abundance,but their development is plagued by limited choices of cathode materials with satisfactory cycling performance.The polyoxometalates perform formidable redox stability and able to participate in multi-electron transfer,which was well-suited for energy storage.Herein,a bicomponent polyoxometalate-derivative KNiVO(K_(2)[Ni(H_(2)O)_(6)]_(2)[V_(10)O_(28)]·_(4)H_(2)O polyoxometalates after annealing)is firstly demonstrated as a cathode material for aqueous ZIBs.The layered KV_(3)O_(8)(KVO)In the bi-component material constitutes Zn^(2+) migration and storage channels(K^(+) were substantially replaced by Zn^(2+) in the activation phase),and the three-dimensional NiV_(3)O_(8)(NiVO)part acts as skeleton to stabilize the ion channels,which assist the cell to demonstrate a high-rate capacity and specific energy of229.4 mAh/g and satisfactory cyclability(capacity retention of 99.1%after 4500 cycles at a current density of 4 A/g).These results prove the feasibility of POM as cathode materials precursor and put forward a novel pattern of the Zn^(2+)storage mechanism in the activated-KNiVO clusters,which also provide a new route for selecting or designing high-performance cathode for aqueous ZIBs and other advanced battery systems.