Research on Sarcasm Detection Technology Based on Image-Text Fusion

The emergence of new media in various fields has continuously strengthened the social aspect of social media.Netizens tend to express emotions in social interactions,and many people even use satire,metaphors,and other techniques to express some negative emotions,it is necessary to detect sarcasm in social comment data.For sarcasm,the more reference data modalities used,the better the experimental effect.This paper conducts research on sarcasm detection technology based on image-text fusion data.To effectively utilize the features of each modality,a feature reconstruction output algorithm is proposed.This algorithm is based on the attention mechanism,learns the low-rank features of another modality through cross-modality,the eigenvectors are reconstructed for the corresponding modality through weighted averaging.When only the image modality in the dataset is used,the preprocessed data has outstanding performance in reconstructing the output model,with an accuracy rate of 87.6%.When using only the text modality data in the dataset,the reconstructed output model is optimal,with an accuracy rate of 85.2%.To improve feature fusion between modalities for effective classification,a weight adaptive learning algorithm is used.This algorithm uses a neural network combined with an attention mechanism to calculate the attention weight of each modality to achieve weight adaptive learning purposes,with an accuracy rate of 87.9%.Extensive experiments on a benchmark dataset demonstrate the superiority of our proposed model.

长链非编码RNA--抗病毒天然免疫应答的新兴调控因子

长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNAs,lncRNAs)是长度超过200nt的非编码RNA分子的总称。作为一类重要的基因调控因子,lncRNAs在表观遗传学、转录及转录后等多个水平调控靶基因的表达。近年来的研究表明,许多lncRNAs可被病毒或干扰素(interferon,IFN)诱导表达,并作为调控因子在IFN介导的抗病毒天然免疫应答中调节抗病毒相关基因的表达。本文重点阐述了lncRNAs在IFN介导的抗病毒天然免疫应答中的调控作用,尤其是对干扰素刺激基因(interferon-stimulated genes,ISGs)转录的调控作用,并归纳了lncRNAs、IFN和ISGs形成的调控网络,以期为从事lncRNAs调控IFN介导的抗病毒天然免疫应答机制研究的相关科研人员提供参考。

Temperature field model in surface grinding: a comparative assessment

Grinding is a crucial process in machining workpieces because it plays a vital role in achieving the desired precision and surface quality.However,a significant technical challenge in grinding is the potential increase in temperature due to high specific energy,which can lead to surface thermal damage.Therefore,ensuring control over the surface integrity of workpieces during grinding becomes a critical concern.This necessitates the development of temperature field models that consider various parameters,such as workpiece materials,grinding wheels,grinding parameters,cooling methods,and media,to guide industrial production.This study thoroughly analyzes and summarizes grinding temperature field models.First,the theory of the grinding temperature field is investigated,classifying it into traditional models based on a continuous belt heat source and those based on a discrete heat source,depending on whether the heat source is uniform and continuous.Through this examination,a more accurate grinding temperature model that closely aligns with practical grinding conditions is derived.Subsequently,various grinding thermal models are summarized,including models for the heat source distribution,energy distribution proportional coefficient,and convective heat transfer coefficient.Through comprehensive research,the most widely recognized,utilized,and accurate model for each category is identified.The application of these grinding thermal models is reviewed,shedding light on the governing laws that dictate the influence of the heat source distribution,heat distribution,and convective heat transfer in the grinding arc zone on the grinding temperature field.Finally,considering the current issues in the field of grinding temperature,potential future research directions are proposed.The aim of this study is to provide theoretical guidance and technical support for predicting workpiece temperature and improving surface integrity.

Recent Advances in Genetic Engineering of Microalgae

Metsbolites generated by microalgac cell metabolism have practical application value in the fields of medicine, food, feed and energy. At present, with the development of genetic engineering techniques and continuous reduction in gene sequencing costs, some micrcalgal genomes have been successively published, which enables specific genetic modification of microalgae according to human＇s demand and provides broad application prospects. In this paper, different mediating systems and emerging genome editing techniques were summarized, which laid the foundation for the application of genetic engineering methods for microalgae.

Optimum Location of Tube Blank in Electromagnetic Bulging

Using analytical method, this paper gets 'the mutual inductance between coil and workpiece in tube blank electromagnetic bulging. According to this, we obtain the optimum locations of tube blank with different length of coil and workpiece. There is a good agreement between results calculated and the experimental data.

DNA methylation controlling abscisic acid catabolism responds to light to mediate strawberry fruit ripening

Phytohormones,epigenetic regulation and environmental factors regulate fruit ripening but their interplay during strawberry fruit ripening remains to be determined.In this study,bagged strawberry fruit exhibited delayed ripening compared with fruit grown in normal light,correlating with reduced abscisic acid(ABA) accumulation.Transcription of the key ABA catabolism gene,ABA 8′-hydroxylase FaCYP707A4,was induced in bagged fruit.With light exclusion whole genome DNA methylation levels were up-regulated,corresponding to a delayed ripening process,while DNA methylation levels in the promoter of FaCYP707A4 were suppressed,correlating with increases in transcript and decreased ABA content.Experiments indicated FaCRY1,a blue light receptor repressed in bagged fruit and FaAGO4,a key protein involved in RNA-directed DNA methylation,could bind to the promoter of FaCYP707A4.The interaction between FaCRY1 and FaAGO4,and an increased enrichment of FaAGO4 directed to the FaCYP707A4 promoter in fruit grown under light suggests FaCRY1 may influence FaAGO4 to modulate the DNA methylation status of the FaCYP707A4 promoter.Furthermore,transient overexpression of FaCRY1,or an increase in FaCRY1 transcription by blue light treatment,increases the methylation level of the FaCYP707A4 promoter,while transient RNA interference of FaCRY1 displayed opposite phenotypes.These findings reveal a mechanism by which DNA methylation influences ABA catabolism,and participates in light-mediated strawberry ripening.

2018年上海市一起D8基因型麻疹病毒引起的输入性麻疹暴发报告

目的追踪2018年上海市一起输入性麻疹暴发的来源,并分析其病毒分子流行病学特征。方法直接从临床咽拭子标本中提取病毒核酸,采用一步法反转录–聚合酶链式反应,扩增麻疹病毒核蛋白基因COOH末端676个核苷酸,然后对扩增产物进行核苷酸序列测定,并分析其同源性,以确定病毒基因型及其可能的来源。结果本次暴发病例来自于同一家庭,且2例成年人病例在发病前21 d内有共同的出境旅游史;导致此次暴发的麻疹病毒为D8基因型。结论结合流行病学调查和实验室检测结果,推断此次疫情为一起D8基因型麻疹病毒引起的输入性麻疹暴发。

非洲猪瘟病毒的免疫逃逸策略

非洲猪瘟(African swine fever,ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)引起的一种猪烈性传染病。目前无商品化的ASF疫苗,一旦发病,仅能依靠快速扑杀进行防控,严重威胁我国养猪及相关行业的健康发展。ASF疫苗研发面临的主要困难是对ASFV的毒力相关基因、致病及其免疫逃逸机制知之甚少。本文对ASFV的免疫逃逸研究进行了总结,探讨了ASFV免疫逃逸基因及其编码蛋白的功能,以便加深对ASFV及其免疫逃逸策略的认知,为致病机制研究和疫苗研发提供借鉴。

细菌小细胞在癌症治疗中的应用

癌症一直是危害人类健康的主要疾病之一。传统的癌症治疗方法包括放疗、化疗和手术,均具有明显的毒副作用或局限性。脂质体和纳米颗粒作为被广泛研究的药物递送载体,在人体临床试验中也出现了药物渗漏和装载功能不全等问题。目前而言,应用具有肿瘤靶向性的载体递送抗肿瘤药物或小分子,是有希望介导安全、有效的肿瘤治疗的策略之一。近年来,细菌来源的非复制型小细胞已受到越来越多的关注。小细胞是细菌异常分裂时期产生的纳米级无核细胞,其直径为200–400 nm,因而具有较大的药物装载能力。对小细胞的表面进行修饰,例如,装配能与肿瘤细胞表面特异性抗原或受体结合的抗体/配体,可显著提高小细胞的肿瘤靶向性。这种具有靶向性的纳米材料能将抗肿瘤的化疗药物、功能性核酸或编码功能性小分子的质粒靶向递送至肿瘤,而减少药物在正常组织器官的集聚。因此,使用小细胞作为靶向递送载体有助于降低药物对机体的毒性,从而最大限度地发挥药物分子在体内的抗肿瘤活性。文中将对小细胞的产生与纯化、药物装载、肿瘤细胞靶向性、内化过程以及其用于递送抗肿瘤药物的研究进展等方面进行综述,为开发基于小细胞的癌症治疗策略提供一定的参考。

Advances in fabrication of ceramic corundum abrasives based on sol–gel process

Corundum abrasives with good chemical stability can be fabricated into various free abrasives and bonded abrasive tools that are widely used in the precision machining of various parts.However,these abrasives cannot satisfy the machining requirements of difficult-to-machine materials with high hardness,high strength,and strong wearing resistance.Although superhard abrasives can machine the above-mentioned materials,their dressing and manufacturing costs are high.By contrast,ceramic corundum abrasives fabricated by sol–gel method is a costeffective product between conventional and superhard abrasives.Ceramic corundum abrasives exhibit self-sharpening and high toughness.In this review,the optimization methods of ceramic corundum abrasive properties are introduced from three aspects:precursor synthesis,particle shaping,and sintering.Firstly,the functional mechanism of seeds and additives on the microstructural and mechanical properties of abrasives is analyzed.Specifically,seeds can reduce the phase transition temperature and improve fracture toughness.The grain size and uniformly dense structure can be controlled by applying an appropriate amount of multicomponent additives.Then,the urgent need of engineering application and machinability of special shape ceramic corundum abrasives is reviewed,and three methods of abrasive shaping are summarized.The micromold replication technique is highly advanced and can be used to prepare functional abrasives.Additionally,the influence of a new sintering method,namely,two-step sintering technique,on the microstructural and mechanical performance of ceramic corundum abrasives is summarized.Finally,the challenge and developmental trend of the optimization of ceramic corundum abrasives are prospected.

Genomic surveillance of coxsackievirus A10 reveals genetic features and recent appearance of genogroup D in Shanghai,China,2016–2020

Coxsackievirus A10(CVA10)is one of the major causative agents of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD).To investigate the epidemiological characteristics as well as genetic features of CVA10 currently circulating in Shanghai,China,we collected a total of 9,952 sporadic HFMD cases from January 2016 to December 2020.In the past five years,CVA10 was the fourth prevalent causatives associated with HFMD in Shanghai and the overall positive rate was 2.78%.The annual distribution experienced significant fluctuations over the past five years.In addition to entire VP1 sequencing,complete genome sequencing and recombination analysis of CVA10 isolates in Shanghai were further performed.A total of 64 near complete genomes and 11 entire VP1 sequences in this study combined with reference sequences publicly available were integrated into phylogenetic analysis.The CVA10sequences in this study mainly belonged to genogroup C and presented 91%-100%nucleotide identity with other Chinese isolates based on VP1 region.For the first time,our study reported the appearance of CVA10 genogroup D in Chinese mainland,which had led to large-scale outbreaks in Europe previously.The recombination analysis showed the recombination break point located between 5,100 nt and 6,700 nt,which suggesting intertypic recombination with CVA16 genogroup D.To conclusion,CVA10 genogroup C was the predominant genogroup in Shanghai during 2016-2020.CVA10 recombinant genogroup D was firstly reported in circulating in Chinese mainland.Continuous surveillance is needed to better understand the evolution relationships and transmission pathways of CVA10 to help to guide disease control and prevention.

Machinability of ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-grinding in biological bone using nanolubricant

Bone grinding is an essential and vital procedure in most surgical operations.Currently,the insufficient cooling capacity of dry grinding,poor visibility of drip irrigation surgery area,and large grinding force leading to high grinding temperature are the technical bottlenecks of micro-grinding.A new micro-grinding process called ultrasonic vibration-assisted nanoparticle jet mist cooling(U-NJMC)is innovatively proposed to solve the technical problem.It combines the advantages of ultrasonic vibration(UV)and nanoparticle jet mist cooling(NJMC).Notwithstanding,the combined effect of multi parameter collaborative of U-NJMC on cooling has not been investigated.The grinding force,friction coefficient,specific grinding energy,and grinding temperature under dry,drip irrigation,UV,minimum quantity lubrication(MQL),NJMC,and U-NJMC micro-grinding were compared and analyzed.Results showed that the minimum normal grinding force and tangential grinding force of U-NJMC micro-grinding were 1.39 and 0.32 N,which were 75.1%and 82.9%less than those in dry grinding,respectively.The minimum friction coefficient and specific grinding energy were achieved using U-NJMC.Compared with dry,drip,UV,MQL,and NJMC grinding,the friction coefficient of U-NJMC was decreased by 31.3%,17.0%,19.0%,9.8%,and 12.5%,respectively,and the specific grinding energy was decreased by 83.0%,72.7%,77.8%,52.3%,and 64.7%,respectively.Compared with UV or NJMC alone,the grinding temperature of U-NJMC was decreased by 33.5%and 10.0%,respectively.These results showed that U-NJMC provides a novel approach for clinical surgical micro-grinding of biological bone.

Hydrothermal Self-assembly Synthesis of Mn3O4Reduced Graphene Oxide Hydrogel and Its High Electrochemical Performance for Supercapacitors

In the present work Mn3O4/reduced graphene oxide hydrogel （Mn3O4-rGOH） with three dimensional （3D） networks was fabricated by a hydrothermal self-assembly route. The morphology, composition, and microstructure of the as-obtained samples were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, thermogravimetry analysis （TG）, atomic absorption spectrometry （AAS）, field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） and transmission electron microscope （TEM）. Moreover, the electrochemical behaviors were evaluated by cyclic voltammogram （CV）, galvanostatic charge-discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS）. The test results indicated that the hydrogel with 6.9% Mn3O4 achieved specific capacitance of 148 F.g^-1 at a specific current of 1 A.g^-1, and showed excellent cycling stabilily with no decay after 1200 cycles. In addition, its specific capacitance could retain 70% even at 20 A.g^- 1 in comparison with that at 1 A.g ^-1 and the operating window was up to 1.8 V in a neutral electrolyte.

Identification and mapping of soybean and maize crops based on Sentinel-2 data

Soybean and maize are important raw materials for the production of food and livestock feed.Accurate mapping of these two crops is of great significance to crop management,yield estimation,and crop-damage control.In this study,two towns in Guoyang County,Anhui Province,China,were selected as the study area,and Sentinel-2 images were adopted to map the distributions of both crops in the 2019 growing season.The data obtained on August 18(early pod-setting stage of soybean)was determined to be the most applicable to soybean and maize mapping by means of the Jeffries-Matusita(JM)distance.Subsequently,three machine-learning algorithms,i.e.,random forest(RF),support vector machine(SVM)and back-propagation neural network(BPNN)were employed and their respective performance in crop identification was evaluated with the aid of 254 ground truth plots.It appeared that RF with a Kappa of 0.83 was superior to the other two methods.Furthermore,twenty candidate features containing the reflectance of ten spectral bands(spatial resolution at 10 m or 20 m)and ten remote-sensing indices were input into the RF algorithm to conduct an important assessment.Seven features were screened out and served as the optimum subset,the mapping results of which were assessed based on the ground truth derived from the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)images covering six ground samples.The optimum feature-subset achieved high-accuracy crop mapping,with a reduction of data volume by 65%compared with the total twenty features,which also overrode the performance of ten spectral bands.Therefore,feature-optimization had great potential in the identification of the two crops.Generally,the findings of this study can provide a valuable reference for mapping soybean and maize in areas with a fragmented landscape of farmland and complex planting structure.

肠杆菌共同抗原的研究进展

肠杆菌共同抗原(Enterobacterial common antigen,ECA)是由多糖重复单元组成的多聚糖,几乎表达于所有肠杆菌细菌外膜,具有生物学功能。ECA由多基因协同作用而合成,这些基因在肠杆菌细菌基因组上成簇存在,形成ECA抗原基因簇。ECA是重要的毒力因子,在肠杆菌细菌入侵宿主、体内存活等过程中有一定作用。同时,ECA在维持细菌外膜渗透屏障、鞭毛表达、群集运动及抗胆酸胆盐等方面也有重要作用。此外,锚定在细菌脂多糖核心区的ECALPS还是细菌重要的表面抗原,能激发宿主产生高水平抗体,可以作为疫苗研究的靶点。结合笔者的研究,文中对ECA纯化、基因结构和合成、免疫特性、生物学功能及应用等方面进行了综述。

Ruthenium Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanoribbon Composite and Its Excellent Rate Capability in Supercapacitor Application

Chemical oxidation is used to cut and unzip multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the transverse direction and the axial direction to form graphene oxide nanoribbon （GONR）. Ruthenium oxide/reduced graphene oxide nanoribbon composite （RuO2/rGONR） with a 72.5 wt% RuO2 loading is synthesized through an aqueous-phase reaction, in which GONR is served as starting material, followed by mild thermal treatment in ambient air. The resulting RuO2/rGONR composite achieves specific capacitance up to 677 F.g l at the current density of 1 A·g^-1 in three-electrode system using 1 mol·L^-1 H2SO4 as electrolyte. The resultant electrode exhibits an excellent rate capability （91.8% retention rate at 20 A·g^-1）. Especially, the symmetric supercapacitor assembled on the basis of RuO2/rGONR electrode delivers high energy density （16.2 Wh·kg^-1） even at the power density of 9885 W·kg^-1, which is very essential for supercapacitors.

Non-Covalent Functionalization of Graphene with Bisphenol A for High-Performance Supercapacitors

The reduced graphene oxide(RGO)/bisphenol A(BPA)composites were prepared by an adsorption-reduction method.The composites are characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),UV-vis,thermogravimetric(TG)analysis,field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The results confirm that BPA is adsorbed on the basal plane of RGO byπ-πstacking interaction.Furthermore,the electrochemical behaviors were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry,galvanostatic charge/discharge techniques and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).The results show that the RGO/BPA nanocomposites exhibit ultrahigh specific capacitance of 466 F•g^(−1) at a current density of 1 A•g^(−1),excellent rate capability(more than 81%retention at 10 A•g^(−1) relative to 1 A•g^(−1))and superior cycling stability(90%capacitance decay after 4000 cycles).Consequently,the RGO/BPA nanocomposites can be regarded as promising electrode materials for supercapacitor applications.

All organic multiferroic magnetoelectric complexes with strong interfacial spin-dipole interaction

The organic magnetoelectric complexes are beneficial for the development on flexible magnetoelectric devices in the future.In this work,we fabricated all organic multiferroic ferromagnetic/ferroelectric complexes to study magnetoelectric coupling at room temperature.Under the stimulus of external magnetic field,the localization of charge inside organic ferromagnets will be enhanced to affect spin–dipole interaction at organic multiferroic interfaces,where overall ferroelectric polarization is tuned to present an organic magnetoelectric coupling.Moreover,the magnetoelectric coupling of the organic ferromagnetic/ferroelectric complex is tightly dependent on incident light intensity.Decreasing light intensity,the dominated interfacial interaction will switch from spin–dipole to dipole–dipole interaction,which leads to the magnetoelectric coefficient changing from positive to negative in organic multiferroic magnetoelectric complexes.

Molecular characterization of bla_(NDM)-harboring plasmids reveal its rapid adaptation and evolution in the Enterobacteriaceae

Carbapenem is one of the few available drugs to treat multidrug-resistance Gram-negative bacteria infections.Recently,the plasmid-mediated spread of the carbapenem resistance gene bla_(NDM) poses a significant threat to public health,requiring global monitoring and surveillance.Here,we used both short-read(n=2461)and long-read(n=546)sequencing data to characterize the global distribution of bla_(NDM).We analyzed the replicon type of bla_(NDM)-positive plasmids and found that the dominant plasmid type was different in diverse geographical locations.Although bla_(NDM)gene has been transferred across diverse countries,its genetic backgrounds are highly conserved,and the mobile genetic element ISAba125,IS5,and IS26 may play an important role in the mobilization of bla_(NDM).A significant association was observed between host origin and gene presence/deletion variation on IncX3 plasmid,which may be a key factor in the bacterial adaption to diverse hosts.In this study,we analyzed the diversity,distribution and transmission of bla_(NDM)-positive plasmids from a global perspective,and emphasize the importance of plasmid analysis for understanding the evolution and adaptation of bla_(NDM)-positive plasmids and their co-evolution with bacterial genomes(resistome).