Enabling stable 4.6 V LiCoO_(2) cathode through oxygen charge regulation strategy

LiCoO_(2) is the preferred cathode material for consumer electronic products due to its high volumetric energy density. However, the unfavorable phase transition and surface oxygen release limits the practical application of LiCoO_(2)at a high-voltage of 4.6 V to achieve a higher energy density demanded by the market. Herein, both bulk and surface structures of LiCoO_(2)are stabilized at 4.6 V through oxygen charge regulation by Gd-gradient doping. The enrichment of highly electropositive Gd on LiCoO_(2) surface will increase the effective charge on oxygen and improve the oxygen framework stability against oxygen loss.On the other hand, Gd ions occupy the Co-sites and suppress the unfavorable phase transition and microcrack. The modified LiCoO_(2) exhibits superior cycling stability with capacity retention of 90.1% over 200 cycles at 4.6 V, and also obtains a high capacity of 145.7 m Ah/g at 5 C. This work shows great promise for developing high-voltage LiCoO_(2) at 4.6 V and the strategy could also contribute to optimizing other cathode materials with high voltage and large capacity, such as cobalt-free high-nickel and lithiumrich manganese-based cathode materials.

LITTIP/Lgr6/HnRNPK complex regulates cementogenesis via Wnt signaling

Orthodontically induced tooth root resorption(OIRR)is a serious complication during orthodontic treatment.Stimulating cementum repair is the fundamental approach for the treatment of OIRR.Parathyroid hormone(PTH)might be a potential therapeutic agent for OIRR,but its effects still lack direct evidence,and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.This study aims to explore the potential involvement of long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)in mediating the anabolic effects of intermittent PTH and contributing to cementum repair,as identifying lncRNA-disease associations can provide valuable insights for disease diagnosis and treatment.Here,we showed that intermittent PTH regulates cell proliferation and mineralization in immortalized murine cementoblast OCCM-30 via the regulation of the Wnt pathway.In vivo,daily administration of PTH is sufficient to accelerate root regeneration by locally inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling.Through RNA microarray analysis,lncRNA LITTIP(LGR6 intergenic transcript under intermittent PTH)is identified as a key regulator of cementogenesis under intermittent PTH.Chromatin isolation by RNA purification(ChIRP)and RNA immunoprecipitation(RIP)assays revealed that LITTIP binds to mRNA of leucine-rich repeatcontaining G-protein coupled receptor 6(LGR6)and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K(HnRNPK)protein.Further cotransfection experiments confirmed that LITTIP plays a structural role in the formation of the LITTIP/Lgr6/HnRNPK complex.Moreover,LITTIP is able to promote the expression of LGR6 via the RNA-binding protein HnRNPK.Collectively,our results indicate that the intermittent PTH administration accelerates root regeneration via inhibiting Wnt pathway.The lncRNA LITTIP is identified to negatively regulate cementogenesis,which activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling via high expression of LGR6 promoted by HnRNPK.

Genomic alterations in oral multiple primary cancers

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the predominant type of oral cancer, while some patients may develop oral multiple primary cancers (MPCs) with unclear etiology. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and genomic alterations of oral MPCs. Clinicopathological data from patients with oral single primary carcinoma (SPC, n=202) and oral MPCs (n=34) were collected and compared. Copy number alteration (CNA) analysis was conducted to identify chromosomal-instability differences among oral MPCs, recurrent OSCC cases, and OSCC patients with lymph node metastasis. Whole-exome sequencing was employed to identify potential unique gene mutations in oral MPCs patients. Additionally, CNA and phylogenetic tree analyses were used to gain preliminary insights into the molecular characteristics of different primary tumors within individual patients. Our findings revealed that, in contrast to oral SPC, females predominated the oral MPCs (70.59%), while smoking and alcohol use were not frequent in MPCs.Moreover, long-term survival outcomes were poorer in oral MPCs. From a CNA perspective, no significant differences were observed between oral MPCs patients and those with recurrence and lymph node metastasis. In addition to commonly mutated genes such as CASP8, TP53 and MUC16, in oral MPCs we also detected relatively rare mutations, such as HS3ST6 and RFPL4A. Furthermore, this study also demonstrated that most MPCs patients exhibited similarities in certain genomic regions within individuals, and distinct differences of the similarity degree were observed between synchronous and metachronous oral MPCs.

Parathyroid hormone increases alveolar bone homoeostasis during orthodontic tooth movement in rats with periodontitis via crosstalk between STAT3 and β-catenin

Periodontitis patients are at risk of alveolar bone loss during orthodontic treatment.The aim of this study was to investigate whether intermittent parathyroid hormone(1–34)treatment(iPTH)could reduce alveolar bone loss during orthodontic tooth movement(OTM)in individuals with periodontitis and the underlying mechanism.A rat model of OTM in the context of periodontitis was established and alveolar bone loss was observed.The control,iPTH and iPTH+stattic groups received injections of vehicle,PTH and vehicle,or PTH and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)inhibitor stattic,respectively.iPTH prevented alveolar bone loss by enhancing osteogenesis and suppressing bone resorption in the alveolar bone during OTM in rats with periodontitis.This effect of iPTH was along with STAT3 activation and reduced by a local injection of stattic.iPTH promoted osteoblastic differentiation and might further regulate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in a STAT3-dependent manner.The findings of this study suggest that iPTH might reduce alveolar bone loss during OTM in rats with periodontitis through STAT3/β-catenin crosstalk.

Effect of fermented total mixed rations on rumen microbial communities and serum metabolites in lambs

Background:Diet regulates rumen microbiota,which in turn affects animal health.The present study evaluated the response of rumen microbiota and the immune system of lambs to a fermented total mixed ration diet.Methods:A total of 30 lambs were assigned into two groups:a group fed an unfermented high-fiber diet(total mixed ration[TMR])and a group fed an fermented low-fiber diet(fermented TMR[FTMR]).Results:The results showed that FTMR markedly(p<0.05)increased average daily gain and dry matter intake compared to TMR.The FTMR diet increased the relative abundance of Veillonellaceae_UCG-001 and decreased the diversity of undesirable microbiota despite stable overall microbial community diversity.Serum metabolomic analysis combined with enrichment analysis showed that serum metabolites were affected by the FTMR and metabolic pathways,and the FTMR diet significantly(p<0.05)influenced amino acid metabolism of lambs.There was a decrease in inflammatory factors in the FTMR treatment,indicating that inflammatory factors followed the same trajectory as changes in microbial community structure and function.Conclusions:Overall,the FTMR diet reduced undesirable microbiota diversity,thereby regulating host amino acid metabolism and improving immune status.

Lithium-ion insertion kinetics of Na-doped Li2TiSiO5 as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Li2TiSiO5 receives much interest recently in lithium-ion battery anodes because of its attractive Liinsertion/extraction potential at 0.28 V(vs. Li+/Li), which bridges the potential gap between graphite and Li4 Ti5 O12. However, Li2TiSiO5 suffers from the low intrinsic electronic conductivity and sluggish Liion transfer kinetics. In this work, we report lithium-ion insertion kinetics of Li2TiSiO5 by Na doping,achieving high-rate capability. Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction results reveals that Na doping can enlarge the space of Li slabs, thus reducing the Li-ion transfer barrier and enhancing the Li-ion diffusion kinetics. According to first-principles calculations, Na doping can tune the band structure of Li2TiSiO5 from indirect to direct band, leading to improved electronic conductivity and electrochemical performance. In particular, the Na-doped Li2TiSiO5(Li1.95 Na(0.05)TiSiO5) electrode exhibits outstanding rate capability with a high capacity of 101 m A h g^(-1) at 5 A g^(-1) and superior cyclability with a reversible capacity of 137 m A h g^(-1) under 0.5 A g^(-1) over 150 cycles.

地衣芽孢杆菌类细菌素的分离、鉴定及其原核表达

目前,我国饲料中全面禁止添加抗生素,寻找新型的抗生素替代物成为科学研究的热点之一。为获得新的细菌素,本研究以大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、藤黄微球菌和单增李斯特氏菌为指示菌,通过牛津杯扩散法从羊驼粪便中筛选到高产抑菌物质的芽孢杆菌。基于菌落特征、革兰氏染色和16S rRNA的鉴定结果,将分离到的产抑菌物质菌株命名为地衣芽孢杆菌SXAU06株。采用硫酸铵沉淀、氯仿抽提、分子截留和SDS-PAGE等技术对所产抑菌物质进行分离纯化,经LC-MS/MS和生物信息学分析发现,抑菌物质为分子量约14 kDa的类细菌素,将其命名为BLISSXAU06。耐受性试验结果显示,BLISSXAU06具有耐高温、耐酸碱和耐蛋白酶K的特性。利用大肠杆菌表达系统对BLISSXAU06进行重组表达,所获得的重组BLISSXAU06具有抑制金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、藤黄微球菌和单增李斯特氏菌生长的活性。综上所述,BLISSXAU06具有优良的特性,可进一步在农业生产、生物医药和食品加工领域开展研究。

F-doped O3-NaNi_(1/3)Fe_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2 as high-performance cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries

The F-doped O3-type NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2-xFx （x = 0, 0.005, 0.01,002 and noted as NFM-F0, NFM-F0.005, NFM-F0.01, NFM-F0.02, respectively, united as NFM-Fs） cathode materials were investigated systematically. The rate performance and capacity retention of the O3-type cathode materials are significantly improved as a function of specific F-doping levels. Optimum performance is achieved in the NFM-F0.01 material having a capacity of -110mAhg-1 at a current density of 150mAg-1 after 70 cycles. The results indicate that the binding energy of oxygen changes as a result of F-doping, and in addition, F-doping results in changes to the stoichiometry of Mn3＋/Mn4＋, which stabilizes the O3-type layered structure, thus allowing cycling performance to be improved. However, NFM-F0.02, having a higher F-doping level, retains a high capacity retention, although a slight loss is observed. The results suggest there is an optimum F-doping level for the NFM-F system to deliver enhanced cycling performance.

Fe^3+及血红蛋白铁对眼源性蜡样芽胞杆菌生长能力的影响

目的:探讨Fe^3+及血红蛋白铁对眼源性蜡样芽胞杆菌生长能力的影响。方法:实验研究。收集2011年6月至2017年2月温州医科大学附属眼视光医院外伤性蜡样芽胞杆菌性眼内炎患者26例并分离出蜡样芽胞杆菌26株。根据患者治疗后有无光感将菌株分为有光感(LP)组和无光感(NLP)组,以蜡样芽胞杆菌模式菌株ATCC14579作为对照组,检测不同菌株在缺铁环境、不同Fe^3+浓度环境、富含Hb环境中生长的光密度(OD)值。采用独立样本t检验对数据进行统计分析。结果:26株眼部来源的蜡样芽胞杆菌在缺铁环境中生长的OD值小于模式菌株ATCC14579(t=54.098,P<0.001)。在一定范围内(0~500μmol/L)增加Fe3+浓度,菌株生长的OD值随之逐渐增加,当Fe^3+浓度高于1000μmol/L时,细菌生长的OD值开始下降。在Fe^3+或血红蛋白铁为主要铁资源的环境中,NLP组菌株生长的OD值均高于LP组(t=2.618,P=0.015;t=2.202,P=0.037)。结论:眼源性蜡样芽胞杆菌的生长对Fe^3+具有较强的依赖性;在Fe^3+或血红蛋白铁为主的铁资源环境中生长较快的菌株感染患者,其临床预后较差。