A mixture of controlled-release urea and normal urea(CRUNU)is an efficient nitrogen(N)fertilizer type,but little is known about its effects on stem lodging resistance,grain yield,and yield stability of wheat.In this s...A mixture of controlled-release urea and normal urea(CRUNU)is an efficient nitrogen(N)fertilizer type,but little is known about its effects on stem lodging resistance,grain yield,and yield stability of wheat.In this study,a 4-year field experiment(from 2017 to 2021)was conducted to analyze the effects of N fertilizer types(CRUNU and normal urea(NU))and application rates(low level(L),135 kg ha^(–1);medium level(M),180 kg ha^(–1);high level(H),225 kg ha^(–1))on population lodging resistance,basal internode strength,lignin content and synthetase activity,stem lodging resistance,grain yield,and yield stability of wheat.Our results showed that the two N fertilizer types had the highest lodging rate under high N application rates,and the M-CRUNU treatment showed the lowest lodging rate.Compared with NU,CRUNU improved the wheat population lodging resistance under the three N application rates,mainly related to improving wheat population characteristics and breaking the strength of the second basal internode.Correlation analysis showed that the breaking strength of the second basal internode was related to the physical characteristics,chemical components,and micro-structure of the internode.Compared with NU,CRUNU significantly increased wheat grain yield by 4.47,14.62,and 3.12%under low,medium,and high N application rates,respectively.In addition,CRUNU showed no significant difference in grain yield under medium and high N application rates,but it presented the highest yield stability under the medium N application rate.In summary,CRUNU,combined with the medium N application rate,is an efficient agronomic management strategy for wheat production.展开更多
The Zhalong wetland,a Ramsar listed wetland in China,which is located in the lower reaches of theWuyu’er River,perennially takes in lots of nutrient input of N and P from around the catchment.Nutrient substanceswere ...The Zhalong wetland,a Ramsar listed wetland in China,which is located in the lower reaches of theWuyu’er River,perennially takes in lots of nutrient input of N and P from around the catchment.Nutrient substanceswere especially accumulated in the shallowlakes owning to the low-lying topography.The Xianhe Lake,where is loca-ted in buffer zone of the Zhalong wetland reserve,was chosen as our target area.The spatial variation of nutrient sub-stances in the shallow lakes was discussed and its influence factors were pointed out.The results showed that nitrogenand phosphorus in the wetland water existed mainly in the form of organic ones.The concentration of total nitrogen(TN)ranged from 0.65 mg/L to 10.64 mg/L and total phosphorus(TP) ranged from 0.013 mg/L to 0.052 mg/L.Ratio ofN/P was between 25.6 and 206.5.The water quality of the Xianhe Lake has been contaminated and is in heavy eutroph-ication.Total P has been acting as the major limiting factor.The distribution pattern of nitrogen and phosphorus in wet-land water showed characteristics of internal release except for the stream mouth area.There,the vertical distributions ofnitrogen and phosphorus nutrients were from both exterior source and internal release,and was mainly influenced by ex-terior source during flood period.Strong hydrodynamic disturb contributed to nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients suspen-ding and releasing in the sediments.The nutrients distribution in the water varied independent on regional changes ofdifferent frequency of hydrodynamic disturb.Mineralization and denitrification might be promoted in high frequency hy-drodynamic disturb area.In growing period,the absorption ofPhragmitesto nutrients was an important mechanism of nu-trients descending and spatial variation in the shallow lake.展开更多
基金the Key R&D Plan of Shaanxi Province Project,China(2023-YBNY-041)the Doctoral Graduates and Postdoctoral Researchers from Shanxi Province Come to Work to Reward Scientific Research Projects,China(SXBYKY2022119)the Key Laboratory Project of Shanxi Province,China(202001-4)。
文摘A mixture of controlled-release urea and normal urea(CRUNU)is an efficient nitrogen(N)fertilizer type,but little is known about its effects on stem lodging resistance,grain yield,and yield stability of wheat.In this study,a 4-year field experiment(from 2017 to 2021)was conducted to analyze the effects of N fertilizer types(CRUNU and normal urea(NU))and application rates(low level(L),135 kg ha^(–1);medium level(M),180 kg ha^(–1);high level(H),225 kg ha^(–1))on population lodging resistance,basal internode strength,lignin content and synthetase activity,stem lodging resistance,grain yield,and yield stability of wheat.Our results showed that the two N fertilizer types had the highest lodging rate under high N application rates,and the M-CRUNU treatment showed the lowest lodging rate.Compared with NU,CRUNU improved the wheat population lodging resistance under the three N application rates,mainly related to improving wheat population characteristics and breaking the strength of the second basal internode.Correlation analysis showed that the breaking strength of the second basal internode was related to the physical characteristics,chemical components,and micro-structure of the internode.Compared with NU,CRUNU significantly increased wheat grain yield by 4.47,14.62,and 3.12%under low,medium,and high N application rates,respectively.In addition,CRUNU showed no significant difference in grain yield under medium and high N application rates,but it presented the highest yield stability under the medium N application rate.In summary,CRUNU,combined with the medium N application rate,is an efficient agronomic management strategy for wheat production.
基金President Scholarship of Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘The Zhalong wetland,a Ramsar listed wetland in China,which is located in the lower reaches of theWuyu’er River,perennially takes in lots of nutrient input of N and P from around the catchment.Nutrient substanceswere especially accumulated in the shallowlakes owning to the low-lying topography.The Xianhe Lake,where is loca-ted in buffer zone of the Zhalong wetland reserve,was chosen as our target area.The spatial variation of nutrient sub-stances in the shallow lakes was discussed and its influence factors were pointed out.The results showed that nitrogenand phosphorus in the wetland water existed mainly in the form of organic ones.The concentration of total nitrogen(TN)ranged from 0.65 mg/L to 10.64 mg/L and total phosphorus(TP) ranged from 0.013 mg/L to 0.052 mg/L.Ratio ofN/P was between 25.6 and 206.5.The water quality of the Xianhe Lake has been contaminated and is in heavy eutroph-ication.Total P has been acting as the major limiting factor.The distribution pattern of nitrogen and phosphorus in wet-land water showed characteristics of internal release except for the stream mouth area.There,the vertical distributions ofnitrogen and phosphorus nutrients were from both exterior source and internal release,and was mainly influenced by ex-terior source during flood period.Strong hydrodynamic disturb contributed to nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients suspen-ding and releasing in the sediments.The nutrients distribution in the water varied independent on regional changes ofdifferent frequency of hydrodynamic disturb.Mineralization and denitrification might be promoted in high frequency hy-drodynamic disturb area.In growing period,the absorption ofPhragmitesto nutrients was an important mechanism of nu-trients descending and spatial variation in the shallow lake.
