The impact of socioeconomic development on land-use and land-cover change(LUCC)in river basins varies spatially and temporally.Exploring the spatiotemporal evolutionary trends and drivers of LUCC under regional dispar...The impact of socioeconomic development on land-use and land-cover change(LUCC)in river basins varies spatially and temporally.Exploring the spatiotemporal evolutionary trends and drivers of LUCC under regional disparities is the basis for the sustainable development and management of basins.In this study,the Weihe River Basin(WRB)in China was selected as a typical basin,and the WRB was divided into the upstream of the Weihe River Basin(UWRB),the midstream of the Weihe River Basin(MWRB),the downstream of the Weihe River Basin(DWRB),the Jinghe River Basin(JRB),and the Luohe River Basin(LRB).Based on land-use data(cultivated land,forestland,grassland,built-up land,bare land,and water body)from 1985 to 2020,we analyzed the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of LUCC in the WRB using a land-use transfer matrix and a dynamic change model.The driving forces of LUCC in the WRB in different periods were detected using the GeoDetector,and the selected influencing factors included meteorological factors(precipitation and temperature),natural factors(elevation,slope,soil,and distance to rivers),social factors(distance to national highway,distance to railway,distance to provincial highway,and distance to expressway),and human activity factors(population density and gross domestic product(GDP)).The results indicated that the types and intensities of LUCC conversions showed considerable disparities across different sub-basins,where complex conversions among cultivated land,forestland,and grassland occurred in the LRB,JRB,and UWRB,with higher dynamic change before 2000.The conversion of other land-use types to built-up land was concentrated in the UWRB,MWRB,and DWRB,with substantial increases after 2000.Additionally,the driving effects of the influencing factors on LUCC in each sub-basin also exhibited distinct diversity,with the LRB and JRB being influenced by the meteorological and social factors,and the UWRB,MWRB,and DWRB being driven by human activity factors.Moreover,the interaction of these influencing factors indicated an enhanced effect on LUCC.This study confirmed the spatiotemporal heterogeneity effects of socioeconomic status on LUCC in the WRB under regional differences,contributing to the sustainable development of the whole basin by managing sub-basins according to local conditions.展开更多
Dipolar and quadrupolar resonance wavelengths of SiO_(2)/Au nanoshell surface plasmons are designed at 560 nm to enhance the light trapping in thin film solar cells.In order to quantitatively describe the light trappi...Dipolar and quadrupolar resonance wavelengths of SiO_(2)/Au nanoshell surface plasmons are designed at 560 nm to enhance the light trapping in thin film solar cells.In order to quantitatively describe the light trapping effect,the forward−scattering efficiency(FSE)and the light trapping efficiency(LTE)are proposed by considering the light scattering direction of SiO_(2)/Au nanoshells.Based on the Mie theory,the FSE and the LTE are calculated for SiO_(2)/Au nanoshells of different dimensions,and the contributions of the dipolar and quadrupolar modes to the light trapping effect are analyzed in detail.When the surface coverage of nanoshells is 5%,the LTEs are 21.7%and 46.9%for SiO_(2)/Au nanoshells with sizes of(31 nm,69 nm)and(53 nm,141 nm),respectively.The results indicate that the SiO_(2)/Au nanoshell whose quadrupolar mode peak is designed to the strongest solar energy flux density of the solar spectrum facilitates the further enhancement of light harvesting in thin film solar cells.展开更多
Objective Consuming phthalates may be due to the presence of food contact materials, such as plastic containers. In this study, we investigated the association between plastic container use and phthalate exposure in 2...Objective Consuming phthalates may be due to the presence of food contact materials, such as plastic containers. In this study, we investigated the association between plastic container use and phthalate exposure in 2,140 Shanghai adults. Methods Participants completed a questionnaire on the frequency of using plastic containers in different scenarios in the previous year （e.g., daily, weekly） and on the consumption of plastic-packaged foods in the previous three days （yes or no）. Urinary phthalate metabolites were used to assess the association between phthalate exposure and the use of plastic containers. Results The metabolites of di-（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate （DEHP） were the most frequently detected in urine. The results revealed that phthalate exposure was associated with consumption of plastic-packaged breakfast or processed food items in the previous three days. The consumption of these two food items had strong synergistic effects on increasing urinary concentrations of most phthalate metabolites. Conclusion Our results of plastic-packaged breakfast and processed food may be explained by the use of flexible plastic containers, indicating the importance of risk assessment for the application of flexible plastic containers.展开更多
目的 评估经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗围术期应用体外膜氧合(ECMO)支持的时机对心肌梗死患者的疗效和安全性。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2022年8月在中国医学科学院阜外医院接受PCI治疗并应用ECMO支持的患者资料,共计14例患者。根据ECM...目的 评估经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗围术期应用体外膜氧合(ECMO)支持的时机对心肌梗死患者的疗效和安全性。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2022年8月在中国医学科学院阜外医院接受PCI治疗并应用ECMO支持的患者资料,共计14例患者。根据ECMO启动时机分为预置ECMO支持组(6例)和非预置ECMO支持组(8例)。收集患者的临床资料、PCI治疗情况、机械支持情况、并发症及结局。结果 14例患者平均年龄为(57.9±13.3)岁,男性占12例(85.7%)。预置ECMO支持组主要为三支病变(66.7%),非预置ECMO支持组主要为单支及双支病变(75%)。预置ECMO支持组置入支架中位数和置入球囊中位数均显著高于非预置ECMO支持组(3 vs. 1,P=0.005;6 vs. 2,P=0.020)。预置ECMO支持组PCI中位时间大于非预置ECMO支持组(109 min vs. 27 min,P=0.042)。非预置ECMO支持组死亡率显著高于预置ECMO支持组(75.0%vs. 16.7%,P=0.031),两组患者在相关并发症上无显著差异。结论 预防性应用ECMO支持提高了心肌梗死患者PCI治疗的血运重建率及生存率,且并未增加并发症的发生风险。展开更多
目的探讨超声引导下胸壁神经阻滞在经腋窝入路腔镜甲状腺手术患者围术期镇痛效果及术后恢复的影响,并评估其有效性和安全性。方法选取60例接受经腋窝腔镜甲状腺手术患者,按照随机数字表法分为两组:超声引导下胸壁神经阻滞复合全身麻醉...目的探讨超声引导下胸壁神经阻滞在经腋窝入路腔镜甲状腺手术患者围术期镇痛效果及术后恢复的影响,并评估其有效性和安全性。方法选取60例接受经腋窝腔镜甲状腺手术患者,按照随机数字表法分为两组:超声引导下胸壁神经阻滞复合全身麻醉组(P组)和单纯全身麻醉组(C组),每组30例。P组在超声引导下行PecsⅠ联合PecsⅡ阻滞后,两组患者均接受气管插管下的全身麻醉,比较两组患者的围手术期镇痛效果和术后恢复情况。结果在围术期镇痛效果方面,P组患者在术中舒芬太尼使用量、术后补救镇痛次数及补救镇痛时酮咯酸氨丁三醇使用量均明显低于C组(P<0.05),在术后3、6、12 h,P组患者静息及运动状态下的NRS评分也显著低于C组(P<0.05);在术后恢复质量方面,P组患者苏醒时间、PACU停留时间明显短于C组(P<0.05),术后24 h QoR-40量表评分总分及身体舒适度、疼痛维度评分均高于C组(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下胸壁神经阻滞在经腋窝腔镜甲状腺手术中展现出良好的镇痛效果,且有助于患者的术后恢复。展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(2019JLZ-15)the Water Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province(2018slkj-4)the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region,Xi'an University of Technology(2019KJCXTD-5)。
文摘The impact of socioeconomic development on land-use and land-cover change(LUCC)in river basins varies spatially and temporally.Exploring the spatiotemporal evolutionary trends and drivers of LUCC under regional disparities is the basis for the sustainable development and management of basins.In this study,the Weihe River Basin(WRB)in China was selected as a typical basin,and the WRB was divided into the upstream of the Weihe River Basin(UWRB),the midstream of the Weihe River Basin(MWRB),the downstream of the Weihe River Basin(DWRB),the Jinghe River Basin(JRB),and the Luohe River Basin(LRB).Based on land-use data(cultivated land,forestland,grassland,built-up land,bare land,and water body)from 1985 to 2020,we analyzed the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of LUCC in the WRB using a land-use transfer matrix and a dynamic change model.The driving forces of LUCC in the WRB in different periods were detected using the GeoDetector,and the selected influencing factors included meteorological factors(precipitation and temperature),natural factors(elevation,slope,soil,and distance to rivers),social factors(distance to national highway,distance to railway,distance to provincial highway,and distance to expressway),and human activity factors(population density and gross domestic product(GDP)).The results indicated that the types and intensities of LUCC conversions showed considerable disparities across different sub-basins,where complex conversions among cultivated land,forestland,and grassland occurred in the LRB,JRB,and UWRB,with higher dynamic change before 2000.The conversion of other land-use types to built-up land was concentrated in the UWRB,MWRB,and DWRB,with substantial increases after 2000.Additionally,the driving effects of the influencing factors on LUCC in each sub-basin also exhibited distinct diversity,with the LRB and JRB being influenced by the meteorological and social factors,and the UWRB,MWRB,and DWRB being driven by human activity factors.Moreover,the interaction of these influencing factors indicated an enhanced effect on LUCC.This study confirmed the spatiotemporal heterogeneity effects of socioeconomic status on LUCC in the WRB under regional differences,contributing to the sustainable development of the whole basin by managing sub-basins according to local conditions.
基金by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing under Grant No 2102042the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 61006050+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No 10QG24the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2010CB933800.
文摘Dipolar and quadrupolar resonance wavelengths of SiO_(2)/Au nanoshell surface plasmons are designed at 560 nm to enhance the light trapping in thin film solar cells.In order to quantitatively describe the light trapping effect,the forward−scattering efficiency(FSE)and the light trapping efficiency(LTE)are proposed by considering the light scattering direction of SiO_(2)/Au nanoshells.Based on the Mie theory,the FSE and the LTE are calculated for SiO_(2)/Au nanoshells of different dimensions,and the contributions of the dipolar and quadrupolar modes to the light trapping effect are analyzed in detail.When the surface coverage of nanoshells is 5%,the LTEs are 21.7%and 46.9%for SiO_(2)/Au nanoshells with sizes of(31 nm,69 nm)and(53 nm,141 nm),respectively.The results indicate that the SiO_(2)/Au nanoshell whose quadrupolar mode peak is designed to the strongest solar energy flux density of the solar spectrum facilitates the further enhancement of light harvesting in thin film solar cells.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFD0400602)
文摘Objective Consuming phthalates may be due to the presence of food contact materials, such as plastic containers. In this study, we investigated the association between plastic container use and phthalate exposure in 2,140 Shanghai adults. Methods Participants completed a questionnaire on the frequency of using plastic containers in different scenarios in the previous year （e.g., daily, weekly） and on the consumption of plastic-packaged foods in the previous three days （yes or no）. Urinary phthalate metabolites were used to assess the association between phthalate exposure and the use of plastic containers. Results The metabolites of di-（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate （DEHP） were the most frequently detected in urine. The results revealed that phthalate exposure was associated with consumption of plastic-packaged breakfast or processed food items in the previous three days. The consumption of these two food items had strong synergistic effects on increasing urinary concentrations of most phthalate metabolites. Conclusion Our results of plastic-packaged breakfast and processed food may be explained by the use of flexible plastic containers, indicating the importance of risk assessment for the application of flexible plastic containers.
文摘目的 评估经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗围术期应用体外膜氧合(ECMO)支持的时机对心肌梗死患者的疗效和安全性。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2022年8月在中国医学科学院阜外医院接受PCI治疗并应用ECMO支持的患者资料,共计14例患者。根据ECMO启动时机分为预置ECMO支持组(6例)和非预置ECMO支持组(8例)。收集患者的临床资料、PCI治疗情况、机械支持情况、并发症及结局。结果 14例患者平均年龄为(57.9±13.3)岁,男性占12例(85.7%)。预置ECMO支持组主要为三支病变(66.7%),非预置ECMO支持组主要为单支及双支病变(75%)。预置ECMO支持组置入支架中位数和置入球囊中位数均显著高于非预置ECMO支持组(3 vs. 1,P=0.005;6 vs. 2,P=0.020)。预置ECMO支持组PCI中位时间大于非预置ECMO支持组(109 min vs. 27 min,P=0.042)。非预置ECMO支持组死亡率显著高于预置ECMO支持组(75.0%vs. 16.7%,P=0.031),两组患者在相关并发症上无显著差异。结论 预防性应用ECMO支持提高了心肌梗死患者PCI治疗的血运重建率及生存率,且并未增加并发症的发生风险。
基金This work is supported by the joint foundation of National Science Foundation of China （NSFC） and Guangdong Province U0635003, and also supported by the National Science Foundation of China （ NSFC）, Grant 60772132.
文摘目的探讨超声引导下胸壁神经阻滞在经腋窝入路腔镜甲状腺手术患者围术期镇痛效果及术后恢复的影响,并评估其有效性和安全性。方法选取60例接受经腋窝腔镜甲状腺手术患者,按照随机数字表法分为两组:超声引导下胸壁神经阻滞复合全身麻醉组(P组)和单纯全身麻醉组(C组),每组30例。P组在超声引导下行PecsⅠ联合PecsⅡ阻滞后,两组患者均接受气管插管下的全身麻醉,比较两组患者的围手术期镇痛效果和术后恢复情况。结果在围术期镇痛效果方面,P组患者在术中舒芬太尼使用量、术后补救镇痛次数及补救镇痛时酮咯酸氨丁三醇使用量均明显低于C组(P<0.05),在术后3、6、12 h,P组患者静息及运动状态下的NRS评分也显著低于C组(P<0.05);在术后恢复质量方面,P组患者苏醒时间、PACU停留时间明显短于C组(P<0.05),术后24 h QoR-40量表评分总分及身体舒适度、疼痛维度评分均高于C组(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下胸壁神经阻滞在经腋窝腔镜甲状腺手术中展现出良好的镇痛效果,且有助于患者的术后恢复。
