Slope stability assessment is a geotechnical problem characterized by many sources of uncertainty. In clas- sical reliability analysis, only the randomness of uncertainties is taken into account but the fuzziness of t...Slope stability assessment is a geotechnical problem characterized by many sources of uncertainty. In clas- sical reliability analysis, only the randomness of uncertainties is taken into account but the fuzziness of them is ignored. In this paper, a fuzzy probability approach and a fuzzy JC method are presented for the reliability analysis. The two methods have been applied to stability analysis of a certain slope of permanent ship lock in the Three-Gorges Project. The results obtained from these two methods are basically the same. However, compared with the fuzzy probability means, the fuzzy JC method can reflect the real situation better because it uses a fuzzy-based analysis applied to not only limit state equation but also mechanical parameters.展开更多
Atrazine chlorohydrolase gene (atzA) was cloned from Arthrobacter sp. AD1. A plant expression plasmid was constructed under the control of CaMV35s promoter and was used in rice transformation. The target gene was succ...Atrazine chlorohydrolase gene (atzA) was cloned from Arthrobacter sp. AD1. A plant expression plasmid was constructed under the control of CaMV35s promoter and was used in rice transformation. The target gene was successfully introduced into mature embryos of a japonica rice cultivar Jindao 107 by Agrobacterium- mediated transformation and hundreds of transgenic plants were obtained. The exogenous atzA gene in the transgenic plants that expressed atrazine resistance was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. The resistance experiments by spraying transgenic rice plants with 0.133% atrazine shown that most of the transgenic rice plants exhibited the resistance to herbicide atrazine. The segregation of exogenous atzA gene in T1 progeny corresponded to the Mendelian ratio.展开更多
Reflective optics with wide field of view has been applied more and more widely in EUVL or space optics, and also plays an important role in promoting scientific and technological research. Among the reflective optics...Reflective optics with wide field of view has been applied more and more widely in EUVL or space optics, and also plays an important role in promoting scientific and technological research. Among the reflective optics, the off-axis reflective optics is the most hopeful solution to the ever-highest demands of these applications. This paper gives the requirements of both the above mentioned applications and the similarities and differences between these two kinds of optical systems. Finally, a design example of off-axis reflective optics with wide field of view is presented and described.展开更多
In order to study the image characteristics of motion artifacts and todetermine the relations of motion artifacts with varied motion types, and the inag-ing timings, frames, distances and directions during SPECT acqui...In order to study the image characteristics of motion artifacts and todetermine the relations of motion artifacts with varied motion types, and the inag-ing timings, frames, distances and directions during SPECT acquisition, a myocardialphantom filled with pertechnetate solution was used to simulate the patient motion.In nonreturning pattern, the simulation motion was timed at the 0°, -45° and -90°positions during the rotation of the detector over a 180° arc from +45° right antcrioroblique to -135° left posterior oblique. Simulation motion was performed by movingthe phantom +5mm, ±-10mm and +20mm along X- (from left to right), Y- (fromhead to caudal) and Z-axis (from back to ventral) respectively. In returning patternthe acquired 30 projections were divided into three equal parts. The simulation motionwas timed at the middle 1-7 projections of each part and performed by moving thephantom +5, ±10, ±15, ±20, ±25, ±30 and ±50 mm along X-, Y- and Z-axis respec-tively. Each image was compared with normal image and assessed by three experiencedobservers without knowledge of the phantom motion. Logistic regression analysis wasused to determine the relationship of motion artifacts with the affecting factors. Nosignificant artifacts can be found when the phantom was moved slightly, no matterwhich motion pattern, direction and timing were taken. The characteristics of motionartifacts showed a radioactive marker dot in inferior wall firstly when the phantomwas moved along X-axis. Septal and lateral wall became "hot" symmetrically whenthe phantom was moved along Y-axis. And nodular hot could be found in anteriorwall when the phantom was moved along Z-axis. At last the "lumpy" and "defect"areas existed alternately and formed a triangle respectively. The presence of motionartifacts was related to motion directions, distance and affected frames, but was in-dependent of motion timing. The characteristics of motion artifacts could be foundwhen the phantom was moved along different axis. Motion distance contributed moreto the appearance of motion artifacts than other related factors, this was especiallyclear when motion was along Y-axis.展开更多
文摘Slope stability assessment is a geotechnical problem characterized by many sources of uncertainty. In clas- sical reliability analysis, only the randomness of uncertainties is taken into account but the fuzziness of them is ignored. In this paper, a fuzzy probability approach and a fuzzy JC method are presented for the reliability analysis. The two methods have been applied to stability analysis of a certain slope of permanent ship lock in the Three-Gorges Project. The results obtained from these two methods are basically the same. However, compared with the fuzzy probability means, the fuzzy JC method can reflect the real situation better because it uses a fuzzy-based analysis applied to not only limit state equation but also mechanical parameters.
基金This work was suppored by the Natural Foundation of Tianjin,China(013066 11)the Agricultural Bio—technology Center ofTianjin,China(00312201l一4).
文摘Atrazine chlorohydrolase gene (atzA) was cloned from Arthrobacter sp. AD1. A plant expression plasmid was constructed under the control of CaMV35s promoter and was used in rice transformation. The target gene was successfully introduced into mature embryos of a japonica rice cultivar Jindao 107 by Agrobacterium- mediated transformation and hundreds of transgenic plants were obtained. The exogenous atzA gene in the transgenic plants that expressed atrazine resistance was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. The resistance experiments by spraying transgenic rice plants with 0.133% atrazine shown that most of the transgenic rice plants exhibited the resistance to herbicide atrazine. The segregation of exogenous atzA gene in T1 progeny corresponded to the Mendelian ratio.
文摘Reflective optics with wide field of view has been applied more and more widely in EUVL or space optics, and also plays an important role in promoting scientific and technological research. Among the reflective optics, the off-axis reflective optics is the most hopeful solution to the ever-highest demands of these applications. This paper gives the requirements of both the above mentioned applications and the similarities and differences between these two kinds of optical systems. Finally, a design example of off-axis reflective optics with wide field of view is presented and described.
文摘In order to study the image characteristics of motion artifacts and todetermine the relations of motion artifacts with varied motion types, and the inag-ing timings, frames, distances and directions during SPECT acquisition, a myocardialphantom filled with pertechnetate solution was used to simulate the patient motion.In nonreturning pattern, the simulation motion was timed at the 0°, -45° and -90°positions during the rotation of the detector over a 180° arc from +45° right antcrioroblique to -135° left posterior oblique. Simulation motion was performed by movingthe phantom +5mm, ±-10mm and +20mm along X- (from left to right), Y- (fromhead to caudal) and Z-axis (from back to ventral) respectively. In returning patternthe acquired 30 projections were divided into three equal parts. The simulation motionwas timed at the middle 1-7 projections of each part and performed by moving thephantom +5, ±10, ±15, ±20, ±25, ±30 and ±50 mm along X-, Y- and Z-axis respec-tively. Each image was compared with normal image and assessed by three experiencedobservers without knowledge of the phantom motion. Logistic regression analysis wasused to determine the relationship of motion artifacts with the affecting factors. Nosignificant artifacts can be found when the phantom was moved slightly, no matterwhich motion pattern, direction and timing were taken. The characteristics of motionartifacts showed a radioactive marker dot in inferior wall firstly when the phantomwas moved along X-axis. Septal and lateral wall became "hot" symmetrically whenthe phantom was moved along Y-axis. And nodular hot could be found in anteriorwall when the phantom was moved along Z-axis. At last the "lumpy" and "defect"areas existed alternately and formed a triangle respectively. The presence of motionartifacts was related to motion directions, distance and affected frames, but was in-dependent of motion timing. The characteristics of motion artifacts could be foundwhen the phantom was moved along different axis. Motion distance contributed moreto the appearance of motion artifacts than other related factors, this was especiallyclear when motion was along Y-axis.
