波浪与水囊潜堤相互作用的数值模拟

基于黏性流体力学理论构建波浪与水囊潜堤相互作用的计算流体力学数值模型。利用高阶差分方法求解纳维斯托克斯方程,采用有限元方法求解结构动力学方程,采用虚拟单元浸入边界法实现流体和固体求解器的高精度耦合求解。通过流体体积方法实现界面重构,与试验结果比较验证模型的有效性。对规则波与不同充盈水囊潜堤相互作用进行数值模拟,寻找合适的充盈度、探求其消波机制。结果表明:1)开发的数值模型可有效模拟波浪与水囊潜堤相互作用过程中的波浪变形和结构响应;2)非充盈柔性水囊潜堤的大幅度振动更易促使结构附近涡旋的演化与脱落,并伴随着能量的耗散。

Experimental and Numerical Study on the Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Solitary Waves Passing Over A Submerged Breakwater

In this study, solitary waves passing over a submerged breakwater are investigated both experimentally and numerically. A total of 9 experimental conditions are carried out, including different incident wave heights and water depths. Numerical simulations are performed using a high-order finite-difference model solving Navier–Stokes (N–S) equations. The predicted water wave elevation, velocity and pressure show good agreement with experimental data, verifying the accuracy and capacity of the numerical model. Furthermore, parametric studies are conducted by numerical modelling to examine the effects of the geometrical features of submerged dike on hydrodynamic characteristics around the breakwater.

Numerical Study of the Impact of Climate Change on Irregular Wave Run-up Over Reef-Fringed Coasts

Wave hydrodynamics over fringing reefs is largely controlled by the reef surface roughness and hydrodynamic forcing.It is believed that climate change will result in a net increase in the water depth over the reef flat,a degrading of the surface roughness of coral reefs and changes in extreme incident wave heights.For an accurate assessment of how climate change affects the safety of reef-fringed coasts,a numerical study of the impact of climate change on irregular wave run-up over reef-fringed coasts was carried out based on a Boussinesq wave model,FUNWAVE-TVD.Validated with experimental data,the present model shows reasonable prediction of irregular wave evolution and run-up height over fringing reefs.Numerical experiments were then implemented based on the anticipated effects of climate change and carried out to investigate the effects of sea level rise,degrading of the reef surface roughness and increase of extreme incident wave height on the irregular wave run-up height over the backreef beach respectively.Variations of run-up components(i.e.,spectral characteristics of run-up and mean water level)were examined specifically and discussed to better understand the influencing mechanism of each climate change-related effect on the run-up.

Linear Analysis of Longshore Currents Instability over Mild Slopes

Longshore current instability is important to nearshore hydrodynamic and sediment transport. This paper investigates the longshore current instability growth model based experimental data with different velocity profiles of slopes1:100 and 1:40 by adopting a linear shear instability model with the bottom friction effects. The results show that:(1)Only backshear mode exists in the instability of longshore current for slope 1:40 and frontshear and backshear modes may exist slope 1:100.(2) The peaks of linear instability growth mode for slope 1:100 correspond to three cases: the dominant peak is formed by the joint action of both frontshear and backshear, or by backshear alone without the existence of the smaller peak or formed by either the frontshear or backshear.(3) Bottom friction can decrease the corresponding unstable growth rate but it cannot change the unstable fluctuation period. The results of fluctuation period, wavelength and spatial variation obtained by the analysis of linear shear instability are in good agreement with experimental results.

Numerical Study of Dam-Break Induced Tsunami-Like Bore with A Hump of Different Slopes

Numerical simulation of dam-break wave, as an imitation of tsunami hydraulic bore, with a hump of different slopes is performed in this paper using an in-house code, named a Constrained Interpolation Profile （CIP）-based model. The model is built on a Cartesian grid system with the Navier Stokes equations using a CIP method for the flow solver, and employs an immersed boundary method （IBM） for the treatment of solid body boundary. A more accurate interface capturing scheme, the Tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing/Slope weighting （THINC/SW） scheme, is adopted as the interface capturing method. Then, the CIP-based model is applied to simulate the dam break flow problem in a bumpy channel. Considerable attention is paid to the spilling type reflected bore, the following spilling type wave breaking, free surface profiles and water level variations over time. Computations are compared with available experimental data and other numerical results quantitatively and qualitatively. Further investigation is conducted to analyze the influence of variable slopes on the flow features of the tsunami-like bore.

Numerical Simulation of Water Entry of Wedges in Waves Using A CIPBased Model

In this study,the water entry of wedges in regular waves is numerically investigated by a two-dimensional in-house numerical code.The numerical model based on the viscous Navier−Stokes(N−S)equations employs a high-order different method—the constrained interpolation profile(CIP)method to discretize the convection term.A Volume of Fluid(VOF)-type method,the tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing/slope weighting(THINC/SW)is employed to capture the free surface/interface,and an immersed boundary method is adopted to treat the motion of wedges.The momentum source function derived from the Boussinesq equation is applied as an internal wavemaker to generate regular waves.The accuracy of the numerical model is validated in comparison with experimental results in the literature.The results of water entry in waves are provided in terms of the impact force of wedge,velocity and pressure distributions of fluid.Considerable attention is paid to the effects of wave parameters and the position of wedge impacting the water surface.It is found that the existence of waves significantly influences the velocity and pressure field of fluid and impact force on the wedges.

Experimental Study on Flow past A Rotationally Oscillating Cylinder

A series of experiments was carried out to study the flow behaviour behind a rotationally oscillating cylinder at a low Reynolds number （Re=300） placed in a recirculation water channel. A stepper motor was used to rotate the cylinder clockwise- and- counterclockwise about its longitudinal axis at selected frequencies. The particle image velocimetry （PIV） technique was used to capture the flow field behind a rotationally oscillating cylinder. Instantaneous and time-averaged flow fields such as the vorticity contours, streamline topologies and velocity distributions were analyzed. The effects of four rotation angle and frequency ratios Fr （Fr=fn/fv, the ratio of the forcing frequency fn to the natural vortex shedding frequency fv） on the wake in the lee of a rotationally oscillating cylinder were also examined. The significant wake modification was observed when the cylinder undergoes clockwise-and-counterclockwise motion with amplitude of π, especially in the range of 0.6≤Fr≤1.0.

一种高保真超长黏性数值波浪水槽

为实现波浪的超长距离传播和调制演变过程,该文提出一种高保真基于黏性流理论的数值波浪水槽。分别采用包含单元均值和点值(VPM, volume-average and point-value method)的有限体积法求解纳维斯托克斯方程及具有二次曲面性质和高斯积分的双曲正切函数(THINC/QQ, the tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing with quadratic surface representation and Gaussian quadrature)方法来重构自由面,建立以OpenFOAM底层函数库为基础的VPM-THINC/QQ模型。依据推板造波理论,在VPM-THINC/QQ模型中实现了波浪产生功能。在300 m的超长水槽中对深水波列进行模拟,得到波群的长时间非线性演化过程,并与文献结果进行了对比,结果表明:所开发的高精度数值波浪水槽可有效模拟深水波列的长时间传播和演变过程。

A NUMERICAL METHOD FOR NONLINEAR WATER WAVES

This article presents a numerical method for modeling nonlinear water waves based on the High Order Spectral （HOS） method proposed by Dommermuth and Yue and West et al., involving Taylor expansion of the Dirichlet problem and the Fast Fourier Transform （FFT） algorithm. The validation and efficiency of the numerical scheme is illustrated by a number of case studies on wave and wave train configuration including the evolution of fifth-order Stokes waves, wave dispersive focusing and the instability of Stokes wave with finite slope. The results agree well with those obtained by other studies.