Hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon(μc-Si:H)films were prepared on glass and silicon substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering at 100°C using a mixture of argon(Ar)and hydrogen(H2)gasses as precursor ...Hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon(μc-Si:H)films were prepared on glass and silicon substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering at 100°C using a mixture of argon(Ar)and hydrogen(H2)gasses as precursor gas.The effects of the ratio of hydrogen flow(H2/(Ar+H2)%)on the microstructure were evaluated.Results show that the microstructure,bonding structure,and surface morphology of theμc-Si:H films can be tailored based on the ratio of hydrogen flow.An amorphous to crystalline phase transition occurred when the ratio of hydrogen flow increased up to 50%.The crystallinity increased and tended to stabilize with the increase in ratio of hydrogen flow from 40%to 70%.The surface roughness of thin films increased,and total hydrogen content decreased as the ratio of hydrogen flow increased.Allμc-Si:H films have a preferred(111)orientation,independent of the ratio of hydrogen flow.And theμc-Si:H films had a dense structure,which shows their excellent resistance to post-oxidation.展开更多
免疫疗法是依靠自身免疫系统来抗击癌症的新方法,近年来,有关细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白-4(cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4,CTLA-4)、程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)及程序性细胞死亡蛋白配...免疫疗法是依靠自身免疫系统来抗击癌症的新方法,近年来,有关细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白-4(cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4,CTLA-4)、程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)及程序性细胞死亡蛋白配体-1(programmed celldeath ligand 1,PD-L1)免疫检查点抑制剂的研究热度不断攀升。其中帕博利珠单抗(Pembrolizumab)作为适应证最多的PD-1抑制剂,对多种实体瘤有很好的疗效^([1,2])。展开更多
Background Oxidative stress such as low-density lipoprotein （LDL） oxidation is thought to be an important mechanism in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. Paraoxonase 1 （PON1）, an enzyme located on high-density lipoprote...Background Oxidative stress such as low-density lipoprotein （LDL） oxidation is thought to be an important mechanism in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. Paraoxonase 1 （PON1）, an enzyme located on high-density lipoprotein, can prevent LDL from oxidation to some extent. It is also a potent cholinesterase inhibitor and an arylesterase, combating organophosphate poisoning and metabolization of environmental neurotoxins which might be responsible for neurodegeneration with aging.We evaluated the association of Gln192Arg polymorphism in the PON1 gene with AD in a Chinese Han ethnic population. Methods Patients and age-matched controls were recruited from outpatient clinics and a population-based epidemiological survey, respectively. Gln192Arg polymorphism in the PON1 gene was detected by allele-specific PCR technique in 521 patients with AD and 578 healthy controls. Results The presence of at least one of PON1 R alleles （Q/R or R/R） was lower in AD patients than in the controls （82.7% vs 87.4%; χ^2 = 4.68, P = 0.03）. PON1 gene R allele frequency was lower in AD patients than in the controls （60.7% vs 64.7%; χ^2=3.85, P = 0.05）. One-way ANOVA showed that PON1 genotype had no effect on the age of onset for developing AD. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated the age and sex-adjusted odds ratio （OR） for the risk of AD in PON1 of PON1 R allele carriers was 0.71 （P = 0.044, 95%CI, 0.51 - 0.99）.Conclusion Our results indicate that Gln192Arg polymorphism in the PON1 gene is associated with AD, and PON1 R allele might be a protective factor for AD in a Chinese Han ethnic population.展开更多
基金Projects(51505050,51805063) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Young ScholarsProjects(KJ1500942,KJQN201801134) supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Program of Chongqing Education Commission of ChinaProjects(cstc2017jcyjAX0075,cstc2015jcyj A50033) supported by the Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology,China
文摘Hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon(μc-Si:H)films were prepared on glass and silicon substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering at 100°C using a mixture of argon(Ar)and hydrogen(H2)gasses as precursor gas.The effects of the ratio of hydrogen flow(H2/(Ar+H2)%)on the microstructure were evaluated.Results show that the microstructure,bonding structure,and surface morphology of theμc-Si:H films can be tailored based on the ratio of hydrogen flow.An amorphous to crystalline phase transition occurred when the ratio of hydrogen flow increased up to 50%.The crystallinity increased and tended to stabilize with the increase in ratio of hydrogen flow from 40%to 70%.The surface roughness of thin films increased,and total hydrogen content decreased as the ratio of hydrogen flow increased.Allμc-Si:H films have a preferred(111)orientation,independent of the ratio of hydrogen flow.And theμc-Si:H films had a dense structure,which shows their excellent resistance to post-oxidation.
文摘免疫疗法是依靠自身免疫系统来抗击癌症的新方法,近年来,有关细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白-4(cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4,CTLA-4)、程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)及程序性细胞死亡蛋白配体-1(programmed celldeath ligand 1,PD-L1)免疫检查点抑制剂的研究热度不断攀升。其中帕博利珠单抗(Pembrolizumab)作为适应证最多的PD-1抑制剂,对多种实体瘤有很好的疗效^([1,2])。
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Committee on Science and Technology, (No. 96-096-05-01) China Medical Board in New York (No. CMB 99-699).
文摘Background Oxidative stress such as low-density lipoprotein （LDL） oxidation is thought to be an important mechanism in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. Paraoxonase 1 （PON1）, an enzyme located on high-density lipoprotein, can prevent LDL from oxidation to some extent. It is also a potent cholinesterase inhibitor and an arylesterase, combating organophosphate poisoning and metabolization of environmental neurotoxins which might be responsible for neurodegeneration with aging.We evaluated the association of Gln192Arg polymorphism in the PON1 gene with AD in a Chinese Han ethnic population. Methods Patients and age-matched controls were recruited from outpatient clinics and a population-based epidemiological survey, respectively. Gln192Arg polymorphism in the PON1 gene was detected by allele-specific PCR technique in 521 patients with AD and 578 healthy controls. Results The presence of at least one of PON1 R alleles （Q/R or R/R） was lower in AD patients than in the controls （82.7% vs 87.4%; χ^2 = 4.68, P = 0.03）. PON1 gene R allele frequency was lower in AD patients than in the controls （60.7% vs 64.7%; χ^2=3.85, P = 0.05）. One-way ANOVA showed that PON1 genotype had no effect on the age of onset for developing AD. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated the age and sex-adjusted odds ratio （OR） for the risk of AD in PON1 of PON1 R allele carriers was 0.71 （P = 0.044, 95%CI, 0.51 - 0.99）.Conclusion Our results indicate that Gln192Arg polymorphism in the PON1 gene is associated with AD, and PON1 R allele might be a protective factor for AD in a Chinese Han ethnic population.
