流感是由流感病毒所引起的一类急性呼吸道疾病。流感病毒分为4种类型:A(甲)、B(乙)、C(丙)和D(丁)。其中甲型流感病毒(Influenza A virus,IAV)的宿主范围极广,除了家禽、鸟类以外,IAV还能感染马、猪、海豹、水貂、老虎、犬、猫等哺乳动...流感是由流感病毒所引起的一类急性呼吸道疾病。流感病毒分为4种类型:A(甲)、B(乙)、C(丙)和D(丁)。其中甲型流感病毒(Influenza A virus,IAV)的宿主范围极广,除了家禽、鸟类以外,IAV还能感染马、猪、海豹、水貂、老虎、犬、猫等哺乳动物以及人类[1]。IAV基因组编码10种必需蛋白,分别为聚合酶碱性蛋白2(PB2)、聚合酶碱性蛋白1(PB1)、聚合酶酸性蛋白(PA)、血凝素(HA)、核蛋白(NP)、神经氨酸酶(NA)、基质蛋白(M1)、膜蛋白(M2)、非结构蛋白1(NS1)以及非结构蛋白2(NS2),此外其还编码多种附件蛋白,包括PB1-F2蛋白、PA-X蛋白等。展开更多
Although studies on the balance between yield and quality of japonica soft super rice are limited, they are crucial for super rice cultivation. In order to investigate the effects of nitrogen application rate on grain...Although studies on the balance between yield and quality of japonica soft super rice are limited, they are crucial for super rice cultivation. In order to investigate the effects of nitrogen application rate on grain yield and rice quality, two japonica soft super rice varieties, Nanjing 9108 （NJ 9108） and Nanjing 5055 （NJ 5055）, were used under seven N levels with the application rates of 0, 150, 187.5,225, 262.5, 300, and 337.5 kg ha^-1. With the increasing nitrogen application level, grain yield of both varieties first increased and then decreased. The highest yield was obtained at 300 kg ha^-1. The milling quality and protein content increased, while the appearance quality, amylose content, gel consistency, cooking/eating quality, and rice flour viscosity decreased. Milling was significantly negatively related with the eating/cooking quality whereas the appearance was significantly positively related with cooking/eating quality. These results suggest that nitrogen level significantly affects the yield and rice quality of japonica soft super rice. We conclude that the suitable nitrogen application rate for japonica soft super rice, NJ 9108 and NJ 5055, is 270 kg ha^-1, under which they obtain high yield as well as superior eating/cooking quality.展开更多
文摘流感是由流感病毒所引起的一类急性呼吸道疾病。流感病毒分为4种类型:A(甲)、B(乙)、C(丙)和D(丁)。其中甲型流感病毒(Influenza A virus,IAV)的宿主范围极广,除了家禽、鸟类以外,IAV还能感染马、猪、海豹、水貂、老虎、犬、猫等哺乳动物以及人类[1]。IAV基因组编码10种必需蛋白,分别为聚合酶碱性蛋白2(PB2)、聚合酶碱性蛋白1(PB1)、聚合酶酸性蛋白(PA)、血凝素(HA)、核蛋白(NP)、神经氨酸酶(NA)、基质蛋白(M1)、膜蛋白(M2)、非结构蛋白1(NS1)以及非结构蛋白2(NS2),此外其还编码多种附件蛋白,包括PB1-F2蛋白、PA-X蛋白等。
基金the National Key Research Program of China(2016YFD0300503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601246)+2 种基金the Major Independent Innovation Project in Jangsu Province,China(CX(15)1002)the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest,China(201303102)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China(16KJB210014)
文摘Although studies on the balance between yield and quality of japonica soft super rice are limited, they are crucial for super rice cultivation. In order to investigate the effects of nitrogen application rate on grain yield and rice quality, two japonica soft super rice varieties, Nanjing 9108 （NJ 9108） and Nanjing 5055 （NJ 5055）, were used under seven N levels with the application rates of 0, 150, 187.5,225, 262.5, 300, and 337.5 kg ha^-1. With the increasing nitrogen application level, grain yield of both varieties first increased and then decreased. The highest yield was obtained at 300 kg ha^-1. The milling quality and protein content increased, while the appearance quality, amylose content, gel consistency, cooking/eating quality, and rice flour viscosity decreased. Milling was significantly negatively related with the eating/cooking quality whereas the appearance was significantly positively related with cooking/eating quality. These results suggest that nitrogen level significantly affects the yield and rice quality of japonica soft super rice. We conclude that the suitable nitrogen application rate for japonica soft super rice, NJ 9108 and NJ 5055, is 270 kg ha^-1, under which they obtain high yield as well as superior eating/cooking quality.
