Effects of Astragalus membranaceus on Energy Metabolism and Expression of CNTF Protein in Skeletal Muscle of Exercise-induced Fatigue Rats

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Astragalus membranaceus in different groups on energy metabolism and CNTF protein expression in skeletal muscle of exercise-induced fatigue rats.[Methods]Thirty-five clean male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group,and low-,meddle-and high-dose groups of A.membranaceus aqueous solution,with 7 rats in each group.The low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups were given by gavage at 0.65,1.3 and 2.6 g/kg,respectively,while the normal group and the model group were given normal food and water.The weight of rats was observed.The contents of serum urea,lactate,muscle glycogen,liver glycogen and CNTF expression were detected.[Results]After modeling,compared with the normal group,the serum lactate and urea contents of rats in the model group significantly increased(P<0.01),while the muscle glycogen content(P<0.01)and liver glycogen content(P<0.05)of the skeletal muscle significantly decreased.Compared with the model group,the low-,meddle-and high-dose groups of A.membranaceus significantly reduced the levels of lactate and urea in serum(P<0.01),while the levels of muscle glycogen and liver glycogen in the skeletal muscle significantly increased(P<0.01,P<0.05).[Conclusions]This study provides a good research foundation for the treatment of exercise-induced fatigue using traditional Chinese herb A.membranaceus in modern clinical practice.

Study on Mechanism of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo in Preventing and Treating Exercise-induced Muscle Damage(EIMD)in Rats

[Objectives]This study was conducted to observe the mechanism of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo on gastrocnemius muscle in rats with exercise-induced muscle damage(EIMD).[Methods]The micro-injury model of skeletal muscle was established by treadmill training.Forty two SD rats were randomly divided into a control group,1,12 and 24 h exercise groups,D.officinale 2 ml+1 h exercise group,D.officinale 2 ml+12 h exercise group,and D.officinale 2 ml+24 h exercise group,with 6 rats in each group.Various D.officinale groups were given the drug once in the morning and once in the evening at a dose of 2 ml/time,a week in advance.Except for the quiet group,the samples were collected from the 1,12 and 24 h exercise groups after anesthesia following 1,12 and 24 h of exercise for the last time,respectively,and the D.officinale 2 ml+1 h exercise group,D.officinale 2 ml+12 h exercise group and D.officinale 2 ml+24 h exercise group were also sampled after anesthesia following 1,12 and 24 h of exercise for the last time,respectively.The contents of ATP,CK-MM and CK in rat serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The histopathological changes of gastrocnemius muscle were observed by HE staining.PCR and Western-blot detection were carried out to analyze the effects of D.officinale on IGF-1 mRNA and protein expression in gastrocnemius muscle.[Results]Compared with the quiet group,the ATP contents in the serum of rats in the 1,12 and 24 h exercise groups significantly decreased(P<0.01),while the CK and CK-MM contents significantly increased(P<0.01).The expression of IGF-1 mRNA and protein in the gastrocnemius muscle tissue significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the 1 h exercise group,the ATP content and IGF-1 protein expression in the gastrocnemius muscle tissue of the D.officinale liquid+1 h exercise group significantly increased(P<0.05),while the CK and CK-MM contents significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the 12 h exercise group,the D.officinale liquid+12 h exercise group showed a significant increase in ATP content(P<0.01),significant increases in IGF-1 mRNA and protein expression in the gastrocnemius muscle tissue(P<0.01),and significant decreases in CK and CK-MM contents(P<0.01).Compared with the 24 h exercise group,the ATP content and IGF-1 mRNA and protein expression in the gastrocnemius muscle tissue of the D.officinale liquid+24 h exercise group significantly increased(P<0.01),while the CK and CK-MM contents significantly decreased(P<0.01).From the pathological tissue morphology of the gastrocnemius muscle in rats with EIMD treated with D.officinale,it could be concluded that the gastrocnemius muscle of each exercise group was significantly damaged,and the damage was significantly alleviated after administration of D.officinale liquid.[Conclusions]The effects and mechanism of D.officinale on prevention and treatment of EIMD in rats might be related to the promotion of IGF-1 mRNA and protein expression in injured tissues by reducing ATP energy consumption,CK-MM and CK activity.

树立正确中华民族历史观的历史必然

中国民族知识话语存在“古—今”“中—西”两个维度的张力,即中国古典历史性的民族观和西方现代性的民族主义之间的张力。古代中国史将边疆民族史以列传形式写入中华民族正史序列,近代以来学人一边反思西方中心主义的历史中国研究,一边吸收西方的民族—国家理论,完成了中国民族史的书写。但是仍然没有突破把民族史作为单独论述的古代中国华夷秩序,也没有突破西方民族主义用现代性“民族”形塑古代族类的分类秩序。习近平总书记首创性地提出要树立正确的中华民族历史观,弥补了“中华民族史观”知识话语的缺位。新时代中华民族迫切需要一部“中华民族史”,通过历史书写“中国是统一多民族的中国”“中国人是中华民族共同体”,来回答“何为中国”“谁是中国人”的问题。

Numerical study on heat and mass transfer mechanisms of Janus particle sedimentation considering corrosion

Janus particle is a research hotspot due to its novelty and settlement in acid liquid during wastewater treatment.Heat and mass transfer mechanisms of Janus particle sedimentation considering corrosion are numerically investigated based on immersed boundary lattice Boltzmann method.Chemical reaction heat ratio,Damkohler number,Peclet number,and particle number effects on temperature field,concentration field,Janus particle mass reduction,position,and velocity are investigated.The uniform particle has an equilibrium position of about 1/4 times the channel width for two corroded uniform particle settlement processes.The Janus particle horizontal position deviates from the uniform particle equilibrium position due to the force caused by nonuniform buoyancy and particle rotation.When the chemical reaction heat ratio is more than 1,the Janus particle horizontal position is closer to the channel centerline and has a positive deviation.However,the converse trend happens when the chemical reaction heat ratio is less than 1,and the Janus particle horizontal position has a negative deviation.The Janus particle horizontal position deviation magnitude increases with increasing Damkohler number and decreasing Peclet number.The horizontal position deviation phenomenon exists for the single corroded Janus particle and two corroded Janus particle settlement processes.

深基质真菌性角膜炎综合治疗方案的疗效评估

目的:探讨基于角膜基质内注射伏立康唑的综合治疗方案对感染灶浸润深度达1/2角膜基质以上的深基质真菌性角膜炎的有效性和安全性。方法:回顾性临床研究。选择2013年3月至2017年7月于温州医科大学附属眼视光医院行角膜基质内注射伏立康唑治疗的深基质真菌性角膜炎患者62例(62眼)的资料进行分析。观察指标包括年龄、溃疡直径、治愈率、复发率以及并发症情况等,注射术后至少随访6个月;并根据角膜基质内注药效果将患者分为单纯角膜基质内注药有效组和单纯角膜基质内注药无效组。采用独立样本t检验及卡方检验对数据进行统计分析。结果:62例患者的溃疡直径为2.8~11.0(5.5±2.1)mm,患者发病到就诊时间为2 d^2年(44.2±98.6)d,其中6例患者主诉病史超半年,56例患者发病到就诊时间为(21.2±13.6)d;术后随访6~36(10.5±7.5)个月。单纯角膜基质内注射伏立康唑治愈42例(42眼);1例(1眼)患者角膜基质注药有效后为提高视力行角膜移植;单纯角膜基质内注射伏立康唑无效19例(19眼),联合行结膜瓣覆盖治疗后,治愈11眼,需再行角膜移植8眼,其中2眼术后复发。该综合治疗方案治愈率为85.5%,复发率为3.2%。单纯角膜基质内注药有效组溃疡直径小于单纯角膜基质内注药无效组,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.199,P=0.032)。术中及术后随访均未见并发症。结论:角膜基质内注射伏立康唑对常规药物治疗无效的深基质真菌性角膜炎有良好的疗效并且安全性较高。而对于病灶范围广泛的患眼,单纯角膜基质内注药疗效欠佳,联合结膜瓣覆盖治疗可提高治愈率。

“多元”族群与“一体”公民——新加坡多元族群治理与公民意识塑造

新加坡是一个多元族群构成的国家,三个主要族群华人、马来人、印度人均是来自周边大国或文明区域的移民,其国家的建立是由于族群冲突和族群政治分歧被动成就的。因此,新加坡致力于将多源流的移民社会整合成共同认同新加坡国家的公民社会,形成一套新加坡的"民族-国家"体系、新加坡人的公民认同和新加坡多元族群文化的地方性知识。国家通过威权政治体系从文化教育、意识形态、大众媒体等方面进行制度化建设,塑造共同价值观,培养国家认同;从居住格局、选区制度、社区建设等多个层面对多元族群社会进行结构性改造,构建共享的社会空间,培育多元族群的文化生态。

在中国式现代化进程中铸牢中华民族共同体意识

党的二十大提出要以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴,2021年中央民族工作会议将推动各民族为全面建设社会主义现代化国家共同奋斗作为新时代党的民族工作的重要任务。中国式现代化道路是实现中华民族伟大复兴的必由之路,“推动各民族共同走向社会主义现代化”是“全面建设社会主义现代化国家”的重要任务。推动民族地区实现现代化,不仅要强调经济社会发展指数的现代化,突出生态文明建设现代化,还要注意物质文明和精神文明相协调,引导少数民族群众在思想观念、精神情趣和生活方式上的现代化,实现“精神文明”的现代化风貌。同时,要依靠法律,提高民族事务治理体系和治理水平现代化,要通过推动各民族共同走向社会主义现代化,进一步铸牢中华民族共同体意识。

大气泡技术联合湿剥法深板层角膜移植术

目的：介绍大气泡技术联合湿剥法深板层角膜移植术。方法：选择2016年1月至2017年6月期间在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院因单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎（HSK）拟行大气泡技术联合湿剥法深板层角膜移植术患者59例（59眼）。术中行大气泡技术联合深板层角膜移植时，如遇2型大气泡或小气泡，改湿剥法完成手术。结果：59眼均成功行深板层角膜移植术，无一例出现术中微穿孔，术中2型大气泡占71％。结论：HSK患者术中可出现高比例2型大气泡，出现2型大气泡或小气泡改湿剥法钝性分离，保留后弹力层前膜，手术安全。

空间、文化与公共性:统一战线视域下的城市民族工作

民族工作是统一战线工作领域的重要内容,随着我国民族人口分布格局散居化趋势扩大,改革开放以来城市民族工作作为民族领域的新问题、新内容,重要性不断凸显。在统一战线工作视域下看新时代城市民族工作,其核心是最大程度地谋求凝聚共识,让“城市成为新时代铸牢中华民族共同体的广阔平台”。理解城市民族工作的两个关键:一是多民族人口流入城市促使城市空间再生产,形成共享的空间;二是人口结构变化和空间再生产促使城市文化再生产,形成共识的文化。而做好城市民族工作的关键在于,最大程度地通过城市空间和文化再生产凸显“公共性”和“均等化”,不断促进“空间的共生”和“文化的共识”,赋予城市成为铸牢中华民族共同体意识平台的意义,发挥城市作为促进各民族交往交流交融平台的作用。