Highly-efficient oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurtural(HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid(FDCA) at low temperature with air as the oxidant is still challenging.Herein,inspired by the respirato ry electron transport cha...Highly-efficient oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurtural(HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid(FDCA) at low temperature with air as the oxidant is still challenging.Herein,inspired by the respirato ry electron transport chain(ETC) of living cells mediated by electron carriers,we constructed artificial ETCs and transformed liquid flow fuel cells(LFFCs) to flexible reactors for efficient oxidation of HMF to produce FDCA under mild conditions.This LFFC reactor employed an electrodeposition modified nickel foam as an anode to promote HMF oxidation and(VO_(2))_(2)SO_(4) as a cathode electron carrier to facilitate the electron transfer to air.The reaction rate could be easily controlled by selecting the anode catalyst,adjusting the external loading and changing the cathodic electron carrier or oxidants.A maximal power density of 44.9 mW cm^(-2) at room temperature was achieved,while for FDCA production,short-circuit condition was preferred to achieve quick transfer of electrons.For a single batch operation with 0.1 M initial HMF,FDCA yield reached 97.1%.By fed-batch operation,FDCA concentration reached 144.5 g L^(-1) with a total yield of 96%.Ni^(2+)/Ni^(3+) redox couple was the active species mediating the electron transfer,while both experimental and DFT calculation results indicated that HMFCA pathway was the preferred reaction mechanism.展开更多
目的调查陕西省农村老年癌症患者住院期间的常见症状,分析患者症状群的种类及其与生活质量的相关性。方法采用整群抽样法,选取2022年7月至8月在陕西省9家不同医疗机构住院的597例农村老年癌症患者作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、中...目的调查陕西省农村老年癌症患者住院期间的常见症状,分析患者症状群的种类及其与生活质量的相关性。方法采用整群抽样法,选取2022年7月至8月在陕西省9家不同医疗机构住院的597例农村老年癌症患者作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、中文版安德森症状测评量表(M.D.Anderson symptom inventory,MDASI)、中文版癌症治疗功能评价系统量表(functional assessment of cancer therapy,FACT)进行症状群和生活质量的调查并采用Pearson相关性分析两者相关性。结果陕西省住院的农村老年癌症患者其症状发生率最高的前4个分别为:疲劳(乏力)(75.88%)、胃口变差(75.54%)、睡眠不安(66.83%)、苦恼(66.33%)。情绪是农村老年癌症患者发生率最高的症状困扰(393例,65.83%)。4个症状群分别为胃肠道症状群(恶心、呕吐)、神经相关症状群(瞌睡、口干、身体麻木、健忘、气短)、疲乏症状群(疼痛、疲乏、胃口变差)及情绪症状群(苦恼、悲伤、睡眠不安)。生活质量总分为(55.33±8.46)分,处于中等水平,并与4个症状群呈负相关(均P<0.001)。结论陕西省住院的农村老年癌症患者面临多种症状困扰,症状之间协同形成4个症状群,与生活质量呈负相关,应给予更多关注,实施精准化干预措施,减少症状群负担,以提高其生活质量。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA2105900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178197)。
文摘Highly-efficient oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurtural(HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid(FDCA) at low temperature with air as the oxidant is still challenging.Herein,inspired by the respirato ry electron transport chain(ETC) of living cells mediated by electron carriers,we constructed artificial ETCs and transformed liquid flow fuel cells(LFFCs) to flexible reactors for efficient oxidation of HMF to produce FDCA under mild conditions.This LFFC reactor employed an electrodeposition modified nickel foam as an anode to promote HMF oxidation and(VO_(2))_(2)SO_(4) as a cathode electron carrier to facilitate the electron transfer to air.The reaction rate could be easily controlled by selecting the anode catalyst,adjusting the external loading and changing the cathodic electron carrier or oxidants.A maximal power density of 44.9 mW cm^(-2) at room temperature was achieved,while for FDCA production,short-circuit condition was preferred to achieve quick transfer of electrons.For a single batch operation with 0.1 M initial HMF,FDCA yield reached 97.1%.By fed-batch operation,FDCA concentration reached 144.5 g L^(-1) with a total yield of 96%.Ni^(2+)/Ni^(3+) redox couple was the active species mediating the electron transfer,while both experimental and DFT calculation results indicated that HMFCA pathway was the preferred reaction mechanism.
文摘目的调查陕西省农村老年癌症患者住院期间的常见症状,分析患者症状群的种类及其与生活质量的相关性。方法采用整群抽样法,选取2022年7月至8月在陕西省9家不同医疗机构住院的597例农村老年癌症患者作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、中文版安德森症状测评量表(M.D.Anderson symptom inventory,MDASI)、中文版癌症治疗功能评价系统量表(functional assessment of cancer therapy,FACT)进行症状群和生活质量的调查并采用Pearson相关性分析两者相关性。结果陕西省住院的农村老年癌症患者其症状发生率最高的前4个分别为:疲劳(乏力)(75.88%)、胃口变差(75.54%)、睡眠不安(66.83%)、苦恼(66.33%)。情绪是农村老年癌症患者发生率最高的症状困扰(393例,65.83%)。4个症状群分别为胃肠道症状群(恶心、呕吐)、神经相关症状群(瞌睡、口干、身体麻木、健忘、气短)、疲乏症状群(疼痛、疲乏、胃口变差)及情绪症状群(苦恼、悲伤、睡眠不安)。生活质量总分为(55.33±8.46)分,处于中等水平,并与4个症状群呈负相关(均P<0.001)。结论陕西省住院的农村老年癌症患者面临多种症状困扰,症状之间协同形成4个症状群,与生活质量呈负相关,应给予更多关注,实施精准化干预措施,减少症状群负担,以提高其生活质量。
