Ocean acidification(OA),caused by the rising concentration of atmospheric CO_(2),leads to changes in the marine carbonate system.This,in turn,affects the physiological processes of phytoplankton.In response to increas...Ocean acidification(OA),caused by the rising concentration of atmospheric CO_(2),leads to changes in the marine carbonate system.This,in turn,affects the physiological processes of phytoplankton.In response to increased pCO_(2) levels,marine microalgae modulate their physiological responses to meet their energy and metabolic requirements.Nitrogen metabolism is a critical metabolic pathway,directly affecting the growth and reproductive capacity of marine microorganisms.Understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate nitrogen metabolism in microalgae under OA conditions is therefore crucial.This study aimed to investi-gate how OA affects the expression profiles of key genes in the nitrogen metabolic pathway of the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum.Our findings indicate that OA upregulates key genes involved in the nitrogen metabolic pathway,specifically those related to nitrate assimilation and glutamate metabolism.Moreover,pCO_(2) has been identified as the predominant factor affecting the expression of these genes,with a more significant impact than pH variations in S.costatum.This research not only advances our understanding of the adaptive mechanisms of S.costatum in response to OA but also provides essential data for predicting the ecological consequences of OA on marine diatoms.展开更多
Jellyfish blooms are increasingly prevalent coastal phenomena,with Aurelia coerulea being a significant contributor.The complex life history of jellyfish,featuring a sessile polyp stage,is a key factor in bloom format...Jellyfish blooms are increasingly prevalent coastal phenomena,with Aurelia coerulea being a significant contributor.The complex life history of jellyfish,featuring a sessile polyp stage,is a key factor in bloom formation,yet it is challenging to study in the field.This study aimed to describe the asexual reproduction of A.coerulea polyps in Jiaozhou Bay,China,and to assess their ability to form sedentary colonies and their relationship with environmental factors.Using settling plates,we observed polyps in situ and documented three asexual reproduction modes:budding,strobilation,and podocyst formation.Environmental parameters including temperature,salinity,dissolved oxygen(DO),chlorophyll a(Chl a),and the biomass of phytoplankton and zooplankton were monitored.Budding was the predominant reproductive method,featuring stolon budding in autumn and direct budding during the winter and spring seasons.Strobilation took place in the colder months,releasing ephyrae between April and May.Polyp abundance was positively correlated with seawater temperature and negatively correlated with DO concentration.Polyps at 1.0 m depth showed higher survivorship and proliferation over 8 months,whereas those at 2.0 m depth experienced a steady decline and died within 4 months.The study enhances our understanding of the life cycle and asexual reproduction strategies of A.coerulea polyps in the field,with implications for predicting and managing jellyfish blooms.The findings underscore the importance of temperature and DO in polyp survival and suggest that initial polyp population proliferation is crucial for long-term survival.展开更多
Global forests are increasingly crucial for achiev-ing net-zero carbon emissions,with a quarter of the miti-gation efforts under the Paris Climate Agreement directed towards forests.In China,forests currently contribu...Global forests are increasingly crucial for achiev-ing net-zero carbon emissions,with a quarter of the miti-gation efforts under the Paris Climate Agreement directed towards forests.In China,forests currently contribute to 13%of the global land’s carbon sink,but their stability and per-sistence remain uncertain.We examined and identified that published studies suffered from oversimplifications of eco-system succession and tree demographic dynamics,as well as poor constraints on land quality.Consequently,substan-tial estimations might have been suffered from underrepre-sented or ignored crucial factors,including tree demographic dynamics,and disturbances and habitat shifts caused by global climate change.We argue that these essential factors should be considered to enhance the reliability and accuracy of assessments of the potential for forest carbon sinks.展开更多
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the Laoshan Laboratory(No.LSKJ202203700)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3105202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41976133).
文摘Ocean acidification(OA),caused by the rising concentration of atmospheric CO_(2),leads to changes in the marine carbonate system.This,in turn,affects the physiological processes of phytoplankton.In response to increased pCO_(2) levels,marine microalgae modulate their physiological responses to meet their energy and metabolic requirements.Nitrogen metabolism is a critical metabolic pathway,directly affecting the growth and reproductive capacity of marine microorganisms.Understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate nitrogen metabolism in microalgae under OA conditions is therefore crucial.This study aimed to investi-gate how OA affects the expression profiles of key genes in the nitrogen metabolic pathway of the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum.Our findings indicate that OA upregulates key genes involved in the nitrogen metabolic pathway,specifically those related to nitrate assimilation and glutamate metabolism.Moreover,pCO_(2) has been identified as the predominant factor affecting the expression of these genes,with a more significant impact than pH variations in S.costatum.This research not only advances our understanding of the adaptive mechanisms of S.costatum in response to OA but also provides essential data for predicting the ecological consequences of OA on marine diatoms.
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the Laoshan Laboratory(No.LSKJ202203700)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.8232026).
文摘Jellyfish blooms are increasingly prevalent coastal phenomena,with Aurelia coerulea being a significant contributor.The complex life history of jellyfish,featuring a sessile polyp stage,is a key factor in bloom formation,yet it is challenging to study in the field.This study aimed to describe the asexual reproduction of A.coerulea polyps in Jiaozhou Bay,China,and to assess their ability to form sedentary colonies and their relationship with environmental factors.Using settling plates,we observed polyps in situ and documented three asexual reproduction modes:budding,strobilation,and podocyst formation.Environmental parameters including temperature,salinity,dissolved oxygen(DO),chlorophyll a(Chl a),and the biomass of phytoplankton and zooplankton were monitored.Budding was the predominant reproductive method,featuring stolon budding in autumn and direct budding during the winter and spring seasons.Strobilation took place in the colder months,releasing ephyrae between April and May.Polyp abundance was positively correlated with seawater temperature and negatively correlated with DO concentration.Polyps at 1.0 m depth showed higher survivorship and proliferation over 8 months,whereas those at 2.0 m depth experienced a steady decline and died within 4 months.The study enhances our understanding of the life cycle and asexual reproduction strategies of A.coerulea polyps in the field,with implications for predicting and managing jellyfish blooms.The findings underscore the importance of temperature and DO in polyp survival and suggest that initial polyp population proliferation is crucial for long-term survival.
基金supported by China National Science Foundation(No.32371663,32361143869,32001166,and 42130506)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFD2200405)the Special Technology Innovation Fund of Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality in Jiangsu Province(No.BK20231515).
文摘Global forests are increasingly crucial for achiev-ing net-zero carbon emissions,with a quarter of the miti-gation efforts under the Paris Climate Agreement directed towards forests.In China,forests currently contribute to 13%of the global land’s carbon sink,but their stability and per-sistence remain uncertain.We examined and identified that published studies suffered from oversimplifications of eco-system succession and tree demographic dynamics,as well as poor constraints on land quality.Consequently,substan-tial estimations might have been suffered from underrepre-sented or ignored crucial factors,including tree demographic dynamics,and disturbances and habitat shifts caused by global climate change.We argue that these essential factors should be considered to enhance the reliability and accuracy of assessments of the potential for forest carbon sinks.
