Panax stipuleanatus(Araliaceae) is an endangered and medicinally important plant endemic to China.However, phylogenetic relationships within the genus Panax have remained unclear. In this study, we sequenced the compl...Panax stipuleanatus(Araliaceae) is an endangered and medicinally important plant endemic to China.However, phylogenetic relationships within the genus Panax have remained unclear. In this study, we sequenced the complete plastome of P. stipuleanatus and included previously reported Panax plastomes to better understand the relationships between species and plastome evolution within the genus Panax.The plastome of P. stipuleanatus is 156,069 base pairs(bp) in length, consisting of a pair of inverted repeats(IRs, each 25,887 bp) that divide the plastome into a large single copy region(LSC, 86,126 bp) and a small single copy region(SSC, 8169 bp). The plastome contains 114 unigenes(80 protein-coding genes,30 tRNA genes, and 4 r RNA genes). Comparative analyses indicated that the plastome gene content and order, as well as the expansion/contraction of the IR regions, are all highly conserved within Panax. No significant positive selection in the plastid protein-coding genes was observed across the eight Panax species, suggesting the Panax plastomes may have undergone a strong purifying selection. Our phylogenomic analyses resulted in a phylogeny with high resolution and supports for Panax. Nine proteincoding genes and 10 non-coding regions presented high sequence divergence, which could be useful for identifying different Panax species.展开更多
Dobinea is a dioecious genus endemic to East Asia that consists of two extant species:Dobinea delavayi and Dobinea vulgaris.Although the genus is morphologically distinct,its phylogenetic position remains controversia...Dobinea is a dioecious genus endemic to East Asia that consists of two extant species:Dobinea delavayi and Dobinea vulgaris.Although the genus is morphologically distinct,its phylogenetic position remains controversial.In this study,we investigated the phylogenetic relationships between Dobinea and related taxa by sequencing the whole plastome DNA sequences for both extant species of Dobinea and comparing them to published plastomes within Sapindales.The complete plastomes of D.vulgaris and D.delavayi were 160,683 and 160,154 base pairs(bp)in length,including a pair of inverted repeat regions(IRs,26,889 and 26,759 bp)divided by the large single-copy region(LSC,87,962 and 87,555 bp)and small single-copy region(SSC,18,943 and 19,081 bp),and identically encoded 113 unique genes(79 protein-coding genes,30 tRNAs,and 4 rRNA genes).Plastid phylogenomic analyses showed that Dobinea was a well-supported monophyletic unit and sister to the clade including tribes Anacardieae and Rhoideae,which suggests that Dobinea is a member of Anacardiaceae.In addition,molecular dating inferred D.delavayi and D.vulgaris diverged approximately 10.76 Ma,suggesting the divergence between these two species may have been driven by the intensification of the Asian summer monsoon and the establishment of distinct monsoon regimes in East Asia.展开更多
This paper first introduced the silage fermentation technology,including the selection of strains and activation expansion technology,the screening of high-quality fermentation raw materials,and the comparative experi...This paper first introduced the silage fermentation technology,including the selection of strains and activation expansion technology,the screening of high-quality fermentation raw materials,and the comparative experiment of fermentation process.It discussed feeding methods for sows and growing-finishing pigs at different breeding stages.In addition,it analyzed the effects of fermented silage on the growth performance of local pigs at various stages.Finally,it is concluded that silage fermentation can improve the water retention performance of pork,improve the quality of pork from local pigs,increase economic benefits,and achieve the purpose of saving costs and increasing efficiency.展开更多
In view of the fact that cages and bait are not allowed in large water surface aquiculture,1-2 kinds of new green feeds"plankton+microecologics"were developed to solve the problems of yield reduction,slow gr...In view of the fact that cages and bait are not allowed in large water surface aquiculture,1-2 kinds of new green feeds"plankton+microecologics"were developed to solve the problems of yield reduction,slow growth and difficulty in fishing of aquatic organisms caused by extensive mode.The new green feed is ecological,environmentally friendly and residue-free,which not only supplements nutrition but also meets the requirements of environmental protection.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31590823)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31070297)
文摘Panax stipuleanatus(Araliaceae) is an endangered and medicinally important plant endemic to China.However, phylogenetic relationships within the genus Panax have remained unclear. In this study, we sequenced the complete plastome of P. stipuleanatus and included previously reported Panax plastomes to better understand the relationships between species and plastome evolution within the genus Panax.The plastome of P. stipuleanatus is 156,069 base pairs(bp) in length, consisting of a pair of inverted repeats(IRs, each 25,887 bp) that divide the plastome into a large single copy region(LSC, 86,126 bp) and a small single copy region(SSC, 8169 bp). The plastome contains 114 unigenes(80 protein-coding genes,30 tRNA genes, and 4 r RNA genes). Comparative analyses indicated that the plastome gene content and order, as well as the expansion/contraction of the IR regions, are all highly conserved within Panax. No significant positive selection in the plastid protein-coding genes was observed across the eight Panax species, suggesting the Panax plastomes may have undergone a strong purifying selection. Our phylogenomic analyses resulted in a phylogeny with high resolution and supports for Panax. Nine proteincoding genes and 10 non-coding regions presented high sequence divergence, which could be useful for identifying different Panax species.
基金supported by the Major program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(31590823)。
文摘Dobinea is a dioecious genus endemic to East Asia that consists of two extant species:Dobinea delavayi and Dobinea vulgaris.Although the genus is morphologically distinct,its phylogenetic position remains controversial.In this study,we investigated the phylogenetic relationships between Dobinea and related taxa by sequencing the whole plastome DNA sequences for both extant species of Dobinea and comparing them to published plastomes within Sapindales.The complete plastomes of D.vulgaris and D.delavayi were 160,683 and 160,154 base pairs(bp)in length,including a pair of inverted repeat regions(IRs,26,889 and 26,759 bp)divided by the large single-copy region(LSC,87,962 and 87,555 bp)and small single-copy region(SSC,18,943 and 19,081 bp),and identically encoded 113 unique genes(79 protein-coding genes,30 tRNAs,and 4 rRNA genes).Plastid phylogenomic analyses showed that Dobinea was a well-supported monophyletic unit and sister to the clade including tribes Anacardieae and Rhoideae,which suggests that Dobinea is a member of Anacardiaceae.In addition,molecular dating inferred D.delavayi and D.vulgaris diverged approximately 10.76 Ma,suggesting the divergence between these two species may have been driven by the intensification of the Asian summer monsoon and the establishment of distinct monsoon regimes in East Asia.
文摘This paper first introduced the silage fermentation technology,including the selection of strains and activation expansion technology,the screening of high-quality fermentation raw materials,and the comparative experiment of fermentation process.It discussed feeding methods for sows and growing-finishing pigs at different breeding stages.In addition,it analyzed the effects of fermented silage on the growth performance of local pigs at various stages.Finally,it is concluded that silage fermentation can improve the water retention performance of pork,improve the quality of pork from local pigs,increase economic benefits,and achieve the purpose of saving costs and increasing efficiency.
文摘In view of the fact that cages and bait are not allowed in large water surface aquiculture,1-2 kinds of new green feeds"plankton+microecologics"were developed to solve the problems of yield reduction,slow growth and difficulty in fishing of aquatic organisms caused by extensive mode.The new green feed is ecological,environmentally friendly and residue-free,which not only supplements nutrition but also meets the requirements of environmental protection.
